深圳牛津八年级上册课文.docx

深圳牛津八年级上册课文.docx

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深圳牛津八年级上册课文

深圳牛津八年级上册课文

Unit1Encyclopaedia

Lookitup!

Herearetwoarticlesfromanencyclopaedia.

DaVinci,Leonardo

LeonardodaVinci（1452—1519）wasanItalianpainter,inventor,musician,engineerandscientist.

DaVinciwasborninthecountryside.Fromanearlyage,heshowedgreatintelligenceandartisticability.Ashegrewolder,helearnttodomanydifferentthings.Hispaintingsareveryfamous,andone,theMonaLisa,isperhapsthemostfamouspaintingintheworld.Healsohadmanyinventions.Forexample,hisnotebooksincludesomeinterestingdrawingsofflyingmachines.（SeeArt）

Dinosaurs

DinosaurslivedonEarthmorethan60millionyearsbeforehumanbeings.TheylivedeverywhereonEarth.Somedinosaurswereassmallaschicken.Otherswereasbigastenelephants.Somecouldevenfly.

Manydinosaursateplants.However,somedinosaurslikedtoeatmeat.

DinosaurslivedonEarthformorethan150millionyears.Then,suddenly,theyalldiedout.Nobodyknowswhy.However,wecanlearnaboutthemfromtheirfossils.（SeeEarthhistory）

Unit2Numbers

Thekingandtherice

Alongtimeago,therewasakinginIndia.Theking’sfavouritegamewaschess.

Oneday,awiseoldmancametothepalaceandthekingchallengedhimtoagame.Thekingpromisedtheoldman,“Youcanhaveanyprizeifyouwinthegame.”

Theoldmansaid,“IfIwinthegame,I’dlikeonegrainofriceforthefirstsquareofthechessboard,twoforthesecond,fourforthethird,andthendoubletheamountforeachoftherestsquares.”

“Isthatall?

”askedtheking.“Wouldn’tyoulikegoldorsilverinstead?

”

“No,justrice,”repliedtheoldman.

Thekingandtheoldmanplayedthegameforalongtime.Finally,theoldmanwon.Sothekingorderedhismentocollectabagofrice.Heputonegrainonthefirstsquare,twoonthesecond,andsoon.Thekingquicklyrealizedtheproblem--evenwithallthericeinthecountry,hewouldstillnothaveenoughricetoputonallthesquares!

Unit3Computers

Computerfacts

Smallerandbetter

Inthe1940s,thefirstcomputerswerebiggerthancars.Nowcomputersarebecomingsmallerandbetter.

Somecomputersaretiny.Youmaybeunawareofthem.ThereisprobablyoneinsideyourTVorwashingmachine.Youdependoncomputersmorethanyourealize.

Whatcanwedowithcomputers?

Wecanusecomputerstocalculate.Theycancalculateatafasterspeedthanwecanandalmostnevergivewronganswers.Wecanalsotypeanddrawthingswiththem.Inaddition,computerscandoimportantjobslikeoperatingrailwaysandflyingplanesandspaceships.

Isacomputerclevererthanme?

Theansweris“No”.Yourbraincanproducenewideasbutcomputerscannot.However,onedaycomputersmaybeabletodoabetterjobthanhumanbeings.Forexample,theymaybebetterthandoctorsatdoingtheirjob.

WhatwillhappentousifcomputerscandoallourjobsWillwehavenothingtodoComputersmaychangeourlives,butwilltheymakethembetter

Unit4Inventions

Greatinventions

Greatinventionschangetheworld.Theyhelppeopleliveabetterlife.Thefollowingarethreeofthemostimportantinventionsinhistory.

Thewheel

Thewheelisperhapsthegreatestinventioninhistory.Afteritsinvention,travellingbecamefasterandmorecomfortable.Afewthousandyearsago,peoplestartedtousewheelsoncarriages.Intheearly19thcentury,thefirsttrainsbegantocarrypassengers.Atthestartofthe20thcentury,carsbecamepopular.Withoutthewheel,wewouldnothavetheseinventions.

Thetelephone

AlexanderGrahamBellinventedoneofthefirstpracticaltelephonesin1876.Sincethen,peoplehavebeenabletospeaktoeachotheroverlongdistances.Todaymillionsofpeopleacrosstheworldownmobilephones.Theyallowpeopletokeepintouchwitheachotheranytime,anywhere.

Thelightbulb

ThomasEdisondevelopedthefirstpracticallightbulbin1879.Beforetheinventionofthelightbulb,peoplehadtouseoillamps,gaslampsorcandlestoseeatnight.Withlightbulbs,peoplecandoasmanythingsintheeveningsastheycaninthedaytime.Canyouimaginelivingwithoutthem?

Unit5Educationalexchanges

Anexchangevisitiseducationalandinteresting!

AgroupofBritishstudentsfromWoodparkSchoolinLondonarevistingXinhuaJuniorHighSchoolinBeijingonaneducationalexchange.

“Iwasverynervousatfirst,”saysSarah.“However,myhostfamilyarereaalyfriendly.I’mgladtobeaguestintheirhome.I’velearnttousechopsticks,andthey’reteachingmealittleChinese!

”

ThestudentsspendtheweekdaysstudyingwithChinesestudents.Attheweekend,theytouraroundBeijingandvisitplacesofinterestwiththeirhostfamilies.

“It’sbeenafantasticexperiencesofar,”saysEric.“I’velearntabitoft’aichi,andIreallyenjoyit.We’vealreadylearntalotaboutChinesecultureandhistory.TheteachershaveintroducedustoChinesepainingaswell.We’vealsotriedtopaintsomepicturesourselves!

Ihaven’thadmuchsuccessyet,butI’llkeeptrying.”

“I’vemademanynewfriends,”saysSarah.“IplantokeepintouchwiththemwhenIreturnhome.We’llseeoneanothersoonbecausethey’llcomeovertotheUKforthesecondpartoftheexchangenextmonth.Ican’twait!

”

Unit6Ancientstories

TheTrojanhorse

ThecaptainstoodonthehighwallofthecityofTroy.“TheGreekshavegoneandwe’vewon,”hesaid.“They’vetriedtocaptureourcityfortenyears.Nowthey’vegivenupandsailedaway!

”

“Butlookoverthere,”asoldiersaid.“They’veleftahugewoodenhorse.”

“Ah,yes,”thecaptainsaid,“it’stoobig.TheGreeksdidn’twanttotakeitwiththem.Getsomehelpandpullitintothecity.”

Thatnight,inthemainsquareofthecity,alltheTrojanscelebrated.Theysanganddancedaroundthehorse,andmadejokesaboutthestupidGreeks.“Ihaven’tlaughedlikethissincemychildhood,”thecaptainsaid.Aftertheparty,theylockedallthegatesofthecityandthenallwenttosleep.

Bymidnight,themainsquarewasempty,exceptforthehugehorse.Suddenlyasecretdooropenedonthesideofthewoodenhorse.ThehorsewasfullofGreeksoldiers!

Theyquietlyclimbedoutofthehorseonebyone.

Thesoldiersopenedthemaingates.TheGreekarmyenteredthecity.

Fortenyears,theGreekscouldnotcapturethecitybyfighting.Inonenight,however,theysucceededincapturingitthroughaclevertrick.

Unit7Memory

Memorycorner

Henry

Agreatwaytohelpyouremembersomethingistoimagineapictureofitinyourmind.Ifyoumakethepicturebig,strangeorsilly,youwillrememberitbetter.Forexample,toremembertheword“smiles”,wecanthefirstletterandthelastletter.

Thismakesitthelongestwordintheworld.Remember:

apictureisworthathousandwords.

Paula

Agoodmethodforrememberingthespellingofawordistomakeashortsentencewitheachletteroftheword.Forexample,ifyouwanttorememberhowtospelltheword“because”,youcanusethesentence“because”,youcanusethesentence“Bigelephantscanalwaysunderstandsmallelephants”.

Millie

Youwillforgetsomethingveryquicklyunlessyouunderstanditwell.Forexample,youmayhavetroublerememberingthelistofstepsinthewatercycle.However,itiseasiertorememberthesestepsifyouunderstandhowthewatercycleworks.

Unit8EnglishWeek

English:

funforlife

EnglishWeekatRosieBridgeSchool

Lastweek,studentsatRosieBridgeSchoolworkedhardtomaketheirEnglishweekabigsuccess.

TherewasanEnglishbookfairinthelibraryandatreasurehunt.SomestudentputonanEnglishplay.OtherstudentstookpartinanEnglishsingingcompetition.

Therearealsoaspeakingcompetition.ThestudentshadtospeakonatopicinEnglishfortwominutes.

Wespoketothewinner,Henry.“I’msohappythatIwon,”hesaid.“Iadvisepeopletospeakslowly.Iftheywanttobegoodpublicspeakers,they’dbetterspeakclearlyandconfidently.”

WealsospoketoseveralotherstudentsaboutEnglishWeek.OneofthemwasAmy.

“IreallyenjoyedEnglishweek.Itgavemeachancetolearnnewwords.Inmyopinion,everyschoolshouldhaveanEnglishweek.It’swellworthdoing,”shesaid.

OnthelastdayofEnglishWeek,theheadteachergaveaspeechtothewholeschool.HegavestudentssomesuggestionsonhowtoimprovetheirEnglish.“YoushouldreadEnglishbooksandmagazines,andwatchEnglishtelevisionprogrammes.Aboveall,youshouldenjoyEnglish!

”hesaid.