航英听力与会话精选.docx

航英听力与会话精选.docx

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航英听力与会话精选

Charter5

1.Describethedutiesofwatch-keepingwhenunderway.

Whenyouareonwatch-keeping,youwillberesponsibletothemasterfortheproperperformanceofhisassignedbridgewatchstandingandnavigationalduties.Whentheshipisunderway,thechiefofficerwillbeondutyduring4to8and16-20;thesecondofficerwillbeondutyduring0-4and12-16;thethirdofficerwillbeondutyduring8-12and20-24.

Ateachwatch,theofficersonwatchshouldchecktheship’spositionsatleast4times,changethesteeringgearfromauto-pilottomanual-pilot1time.Theyalsocheckship’scourse,speed,andtheweathercondition,navigationalequipmentsconditions.

Theofficersduty’sspotisatthebridge,theyshouldkeepsharplook-outatalltime.Theycandonothingexpectlook-outandtakeproperavoidingactions.Usuallytheyshouldpatrolthewholeshiponceawatchatnightforavoidfireorotherunnormalthingshappened.

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2.Describethebridgeshiftchange.

Shiftingchangeisveryimportantforthesafetyofaship.Whenanofficergoestothebridgefortakingoverforduty,hemustknowthepresentcourse,speed,position,andmustbeinformedthesituationofothervesselswhicharenear.

Therelievingofficershouldgotothebridge15minutesadvance.Firstly,heshouldgethabittothesighting,especiallyinthenight.Secondly,heshouldasktherelievedofficersomething,suchasship’scourse,speed,position.Thirdly,heshouldgointothechartroomtochecktheconditions.Atnightheshouldreadandsignthenightorder.

Thechangeofconnmustbeclearlystatedandloggedincludingtheactualtimethatittookplace.Therelievingofficermustsignthenightorderbooktoindicateunderstandingofthemaster’sorders.

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3.Describethedifferencesbetweennavigatinginanarrowchannelandintrafficseparationscheme.

Ifyouareadrivenpowervesselandyouareproceedingalongthecourseofanarrowchannel,youshallkeepasneartotheouterlimitofthechannelwhichliesonyourstarboardsideasissafeandpracticable.Youshallavoidcrossachannelandanchorinachannel.

Ifyouareadrivenpowervesselandyouareusingatrafficseparationscheme,youshallproceedintheappropriatetrafficlaneinthegeneraldirectionoftrafficflowforthatlaneYoushallavoidcrosslaneandanchorinlane,trafficlineorseparationzone.

Intrafficseparationscheme,therearetrafficlineorseparationzone,butinnarrowchannelnot.

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4.Describeadvantagevarioustoolsortechnologiesforproperlookout.

Everyvesselshallatalltimesmaintainaproperlookoutbysightandhearingaswellasbyallavailablemeansappropriateintheprevailingcircumstancesandconditionssoastomakeafullappraisalofthesituationandoftheriskofcollision,

Thefeaturesofradarobservationareasfollows:

（1）limitationsoftheradarequipment,smallvessels,iceandotherfloatingobjectsmaynotbydetectedbyradaratanadequaterange;;

（2）imposedbytheradarrangescaleinuse;Weatherandothersourcesofinterference;（3）themoreexactassessmentofthevisibilitythatmaybepossiblewhenradarisusedtodeterminetherangeofvesselsorotherobjectsinthevicinity.

Theadvantagesofvisuallookoutareasfollows:

（1）Itisthebasedmeansoflooking–out;

（2）thesituationcanbereadilyapparent,andsoon.

Therearemanytoolsandtechnologiestobeusedinlook-out,forexample,whenyouusearadar,youshouldswitchtheradarstandbyfirst,thenyoushouldproperadjustit,includerange,tuning,gain,contrast,anti-cluttersea,anti-clutterrain.Youcandetectedthebearinganddistanceofaobjectwithradar.

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5.Describethepreparationtobedonebytheresponsibilityofpriortoarrival.

Thechiefofficeristheheadofthedeckdepartment.Heisassistedbyasecondofficer,athirdofficer,abosun,acarpenter,andsomeAB.Thechiefisresponsibleforcaringcargo,forexample,makingstowageplanning,holdspreparation,loading,stowage,discharging.Thesecondofficerisresponsibleforwatchpertainingtonavigationpublicationsandequipment.Thethirdofficerisresponsibleforwatchdutiespertainingtofire-fightingappliancesandlife-savingappliancesandmaintenance.Theareallassignedtobridgetobeproperperformancewatchstandingandnavigationalduties.

Thechiefofficerisresponsibletothemasterfortheoperation,administration,andsupervisionofthedeckdepartmentThechiefofficer,carpenterand2-3ABareassignedtotheforestation.Andthesometime,thesecond,bosunand2-3ABareassignedtotheaftstation.Theyshouldpreparetomastfastlines.Thethirdisatthebridge,hisdutyistocarryoutthecaptain’sorpilot’sorder

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Charter8

1.Describefireprecautiononboard.

Thethirdofficerisinchargeoffire-fightingequipmentsandlife-savingequipments.Inordertoensurethefire-fightingequipmentscanbeusedinthetimewhenthevesselisonfire,thethirdofficershouldcheckthefireequipmentsonboardregularly.Forexample,tochecktheco2extinguishersbyweighting.

Theproceduresofafiredrillisasfollows:

（1）soundfirealarm;

（2）crewconnectingatthestation.;（3）thechiefofficernumbersthecrewandasksomeonewhatishisdutiesonafire-fighting;（4）todrillhowtousesomeoftheextinguisher;（5）summarythefiredill;（6）cancelthealarm,

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2.Describedamagecontrolonboard.

Vesselsmaybemakingwateraftercollision,groundorothermarine’saccident.Thethirdofficershouldcheckdamagedcontrolequipmentsregularly.Heshouldcheckwater-proofblanket,blockingmats,blockingplanks,blockingcases,blockingscrewsandotherdamagecontrol.

Afteravesselisdamagedandismakingwater,theconditionsofdamagedandthepositionofdamagedmustbeinvestigatedimmediately.Thenestimatingthethreatenwhichiscausedbythedamaged.Accordingtothefact,takingproperactivitiestocontrolfloodingandpumpoutflooding-water.

Thedistinctkindsofcontrolmakingwatershouldbetakentorelatedifferentdamagedposition,e.g.belowwaterlineandabovewaterline.

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3.Describethemeasurestakenonboardifaground.

Whenashipisbeingaground,itmaybetolist,ortrim.Accordingtothedifferentsituations,youcandecidewhereisbeingaground.

Ifyourvesselisaground,Iadviceyoutotakeactionsasfollows:

（1）de-ballastorjettisoncargo,itcanmakeyourvesselre-floatbyreducingitsdisplacement;

（2）requiretugs’assistance,tugscanpullorpushyourvesselfromtheshallowtodeepwater;（3）waitingthetide,thedepthofwaterwillraisewhenthetideisrising,soyourvesselmayre-float.（4）shiftingcargoesorliquid,adjustingvessel’slist,trim,tomakethevessel’sgroundedpartclearofthebottom,andthenyouwillbere-float.

Whenyoupaytore-floatyourvessel,youshouldtakesomespecialattention,thefirstthingistodecidewhereisgroundandthesituation.Thesecondistodecidethatthevesselismakingwaterornot.

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4.Describethemeasurestakenonboardifonfire.

Switchonfirealarmimmediatelywhilefindingfire.Thefirealarmisbellingforoneminute,andonelongblastisindicatingfore;twolongblastsisindicatingaft;threelongblastsisindicatingmiddle,orbridge;fourlongblastsisindicatingtheengineroom.

Afterthefirehasbeenextinguished,crewshouldcheckthefireareaevery10minutesforavoidingthefirere-ignition,sentmenforkeepingandreport.Aftermakingsurethefireisnotre-ignition,thecrewcancancelthefirealarm,andthechiefofficershouldentertheeventintothelog-book.

Youshouldfoamextinguishertofightinganoil-fire,drypowerextinguisherstofightinganelectricfire.Thecarbondioxideextinguisherwillbecausedtheleastdamagedinfire-fighting.

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第1章口述题

1.Pleasesaysomethingaboutyourhometown.

MyhometownisinJIANGSU（江苏）,thesouthofCHANGJIANG（长江）riverofChina.Thepopulationinmyhometownisabout500,000.Therearemanyriversinmyhometown.

Theenvironmentofmyhometownisverybeautiful.Thepeopleofmyhometownarekind-hearted.E.g.sometimestheywillinviteanewfriendtotheirhometohavedinnerwiththeirfamilies.

Theremanyspecialtiesinmyhometown,forexample,thesilkfromSuzhou,BiluochunTea,andsoon.

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2.Pleasesaysomethingaboutyourself.

Mynameis…,Iam…yearsold.IcomefromFJ（福建）provinceofChina.NowIamaseniorstudentinXiamenJimeiUniversity.Myhobbiesareplayingcardsandlisteningmusic.

BecauseIamastudent,somymaintaskisstudy.

Inmyspare,Iplaycardsandlistenmusic,sometimesIplayfootballorbasketball.

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3.Pleasesaysomethingaboutyourfamily.

Myfatherisaworker，mymotherisateacherandIamastudent.

Myfatherlikestoplaycardsandmymotherlikestolistenmusic.Bothofmyparentsarekindly.

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4.Yourfavoriteportyouhavecalledat.

MyfavoriteportIhavecalledatisShanghai.ShanghaiportisthelargestportinourcountryandShanghaiisabeautifulcity.TheNangJingroadiswidely,therearemanyshops.Ifyoucalltheport,Ithink,youwillgotoOutShore（上海外滩）.AttheOutShore,youcanlooktheWangPUriverandvisitWangPupark.

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5.Pleasesaysomethingaboutyourresponsibil