全国卷高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Astronomythe science of the stars课时作业 新人教版必修3.docx
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全国卷高考英语一轮复习Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars课时作业新人教版必修3
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【2020】(全国卷)高考英语一轮复习Unit4Astronomy:
thescienceofthestars课时作业新人教版必修3
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Unit4Astronomy:
thescienceofthestars
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Howoftenhaveyoureadastorythatafriendorfamilymemberhassentyou?
Verylikelyyouwouldhaveskippedthenewshaditnotbeenpointedouttoyou.
chasFacebook,TwitterandGoogle.
Socialmediasitesoftenaggregatecontentsforustoseebasedontrendingtopics—storiesthathavebeenviewedbymanyothersaswellasbasedonourownpastsearchesandanalysisofourlikesanddislikes.Ifyouhavelikedkittensinthepast,youmayhavenoticedthatyouareseeingmorenews,blogsandanalysisaboutkittensallofasudden.
Whileadvocatesoffreespeechdonotwanttocontrolanyvoice,itiscertainlyharmfulwhenitisdifficulttoseparatetruthfromfiction.Imaginetheinfluenceoffake(虚假的)newswhenitbeginstoaffectourownlives.Trustingapieceofnews,patientscouldveryeasilyfallforwrongdiagnosis;elderscouldgivemoneytocheatsandreputationofperfectlyuprightcitizenscouldbeeasilyruined.Whataboutwhenweresearchforaschoolprojectandbaseouranalysisonfalseinformationornews?
Thebottomline—don'tbelieveeverywordofwhatyouread.Domoreresearchfrommultiple(多样的)sourcestoensurethatthenewsisindeedtruebeforeyousharewithothers.
[语篇解读] 本文为一篇说明文。
现在社交媒体充斥着大量虚假信息,这些信息的传播对人们的生活危害很大。
为了治理这种现象,一些社交媒体已经采取了一些措施。
1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“aggregate”inParagraph3probablymean?
A.Analyze. B.Cancel.
C.Gather.D.Rewrite.
解析:
词义猜测题。
根据第三段最后一句可推知:
社交媒体经常根据用户的浏览、搜索信息为用户收集信息,由此可见aggregate意为:
gather(收集)。
analyze“分析”;cancel“取消”;rewrite“改写”。
答案:
C
2.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4?
A.Peopletendtobelievethenewsonsocialmedia.
B.Falsenewsisfashionableonsocialmedia.
C.Falsestoriesaresharedquicklyacrosssocialmedia.
D.Misleadinginformationharmsus.
解析:
推理判断题。
根据第四段中的“Whileadvocatesoffreespeechdonotwanttocontrolanyvoice,itiscertainlyharmfulwhenitisdifficulttoseparatetruthfromfiction.”可知:
误导人的信息对我们有害,故答案为D项。
答案:
D
3.HowwillFacebookdealwithfalsenews?
A.Tolabelfakecontentstowarn.
B.Toforbidadvertisingonitsnetwork.
C.Toprovethenewsfrommultiplesources.
D.Toclosedownthesitesoffalsenews.
解析:
细节理解题。
根据第五段“Thiswouldincludewarninglabelsonfakecontents.”(这包括给虚假信息做上警示标记)可知答案为A项。
答案:
A
4.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.KeepAwayfromFakeNews
B.NeverBlindlyBelieveAnythingYouRead
C.RefusetoSpreadHarmfulInformation
D.SeparateTruthfromFictionSkillfully
解析:
标题归纳题。
本文主要介绍了现在一些社交媒体中充斥着大量的虚假信息,这些信息对人们有很大危害。
因此作者告诫读者不要盲目相信媒体上的信息,在传播信息之前一定要确保信息的真实性。
由此可见B项最适合作为本文的题目。
答案:
B
B
Runoutofcookingoilorneedsomedressingforyoursalad?
Thesolutionmaybeinsectsfromyourbackyard!
Scientistsareturninginsectsintoasourceofhealthyoil.Eventhoughinsectsareafoodsourceinsomepartsoftheworld,tomanypeople,thethoughtofeatingthemisverydisgusting.
“Inthewesterncountries,thereisnocultureofeatingentireinsects,sowhentheideaistousetheproteininpowderasaningredient,peoplemighttendtoreceivethisproteinbettereveniftheycannotseeit,”saidresearcherDaylanTzompasSosa,WageningenUniversity,Netherlands.“Therearemanyusesfortheoilingeneral,butweareinvestigatingtheuseoftheseoilsforafood,asafoodingredient.”
TheMexicanresearcher,workingintheNetherlands,saidinsectsareagreatsourceofhearthealthyomega3fattyacids,whichcanhelptreatanxietydisordersymptoms.BackinguptheincreasedrelianceoninsectsistheUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganization.Ina20xxreport,theUNagencyallowedthecultivationofbugsasafoodsource,sayingit'senvironmentallyfriendlyandcouldboosttheworld'sfoodproduction.
Thereareclearreasonswhyexpertsadvisepeopletoeattheinsects.Expertssayinsectsrequirelittlefoodtogrowandthebackyardcanbeagoodplacetoraisethem.Andthere'snoshortageofproteinrichinsects,whichcontainfat,vitamins,fiberandminerals.
Researcherssaydifferentbugsprovideuniquetastesandtextures.“Thisisveryliquidandithasadifferentcolor,sothiscanbeusedasadressingforexampleandit'seasytouseandthiscanbeusedforexampleforpastry,becauseforpastryyouneedhardfats,”statedTzompasSosa.
Butnotallinsectsproducegoodoil.Cockroachesdon't.Thebugoilsmustbetestedtomakesuretheyaresafetoconsume.Butgettingoverthe“ickfactor”maybeabiggerchallenge.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。
主要介绍了食用昆虫的问题。
文章指出了食用昆虫的好处,同时指出有些昆虫在使用前还需进一步测试以确保其安全性。
5.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheuseofbugoils?
A.Doubtful. B.Objective.
C.Supportive.D.Unfavorable.
解析:
推理判断题。
作者只是客观陈述了食用昆虫的问题,并没有给出自己的观点,故本题答案为B项。
答案:
B
6.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase“Backingup”inParagraph3?
A.Raising.B.Rejecting.
C.Supporting.D.Enjoying.
解析:
词义猜测题。
根据第三段“Ina20xxreport,theUNagencyallowedthecultivationofbugsasafoodsource,sayingit'senvironmentallyfriendlyandcouldboosttheworld'sfoodproduction.”可知联合国粮食和农业组织支持食用昆虫,故答案为C项。
答案:
C
7.Whydoexpertssuggesteatingtheinsects?
A.They'rerichinminerals.
B.Theyhavedifferentcolors.
C.Theytastegood.
D.They'reeasytoraise.
解析:
细节理解题。
根据倒数第三段“Expertssayinsectsrequirelittlefoodtogrowandthebackyardcanbeagoodplacetoraisethem.”可知,专家们认为昆虫需要很少的食物去饲养,并且自家院落就可以养殖,因此可知,昆虫很容易饲养,故答案为D项。
答案:
D
8.Fromthelastparagraph,wecanlearnthat.
A.allinsectscannotproducegoodoil
B.thebugoilsarethemostdelicious
C.it'ssafetoconsumethebugoils
D.theuseofbugoilsisbanned
解析:
细节理解题。
根据最后一段“Butnotallinsectsproducegoodoil.Cockroachesdon't.”可知,食用昆虫还需测试,并不是所有的昆虫都适合食用,因此答案为A项。
答案:
A
Ⅱ.完形填空
IhavewrittenapoemcalledFlyingKites,inwhichaman1hissontoflyakite.Afterafewminutes,thechild2dropsthestringandletsthekitesoar(高飞).Withjoyinhiseyes,hewatchesitclimbuntilitdisappears3.Thefatherrealizesthat4he'llhavetoloosenthetiethatbinds(绑)himtohisson.Andhe5“WillIreleasethestringasunselfishlyasthat?
”
Manyyearslatermyson,Gary,6hewouldn'tfinishhiscollegecareer.Itriedtotalkhimoutofit.Butnoneofmyreasoningmadeany7.AttheendofthesemesterGarymovedbackhome.
Garymanagedtofinda8atanurseryandwentatitwithusualenthusiasm.I,9,wasdeeplydisappointed.Whatwasacollegeprofessor's10doingatajobthatanyhighschooldropoutcouldperform?
ThenItriedto11him.“Look,”Isaid,“inafewyearsyou'llbeatyourhighschoolreunionwith12classmateswhobecamedoctors,lawyers,andengineers.Doyouthinkyou'llbeableto13that?
”
“Yes,Dad,”herepliedwithout14.Thenhefixedhiseyesonmineandsaid,“Buttherealquestionis:
Canyou?
”
Shamesuddenly15me.Iwasn'tthinkingaboutmyson;Iwasthinkingaboutmyselfandwhatmyfriendswouldthink.Theproblemwasn'tGary'spride;itwasmine.AllatonceIrememberedmy16andthequestionitasks“WillIreleasethe17asunselfishlyasthat?
”AtthatmomentIknewIhadtoletgo.Garywas18enoughtomakehisownchoices.
TodayGaryhasasuccessfulcareerworkingforthecity.Iamvery1920Iletgoofmypride,I'vebeenabletositbackandenjoywatchinghimsoar.
[语篇解读] 本文主要讲述了作者应对儿子大学辍学这一情况的故事。
1.A.orders B.instructs
CadvisesD.allows
解析:
根据语境可推知,一个男人在教儿子放风筝。
instruct“教授”。
故选B。
答案:
B
2.A.suddenlyB.actually
C.properlyD.sadly
解析:
根据下文可知,诗篇中的儿子突然(suddenly)把线松开,让风筝高飞。
答案:
A
3.A.inarowB.inaway
C.innotimeD.inthedistance
解析:
与语境“disappears”呼应可推知,风筝消失在远方(inthedistance)。
答案:
D
4.A.abruptlyB.eventually
C.absolutelyD.apparently
解析:
这个男人意识到最终(eventually)他必须对儿子放手。
答案:
B
5.A.respondsB.guesses
C.wondersD.hesitates
解析:
结合语境可推知,诗篇中的父亲有疑问,想知道自己将来会不会无私地“松开线”。
wonder“想知道”。
答案:
C
6.A.believedB.explained
C.regrettedD.announced
解析:
根据语境可推知,作者的儿子宣布他将不会完成大学学业。
答案:
D
7.A.progressB.decision
C.effortD.difference
解析:
根据下文的“AttheendofthesemesterGarymovedbackhome.”可知,作者的劝说毫无作用。
makeadifference意为“有作用”。
答案:
D
8.A.ballB.job
C.kiteD.toy
解析:
根据下文的“Whatwasacollegeprofessor's10doingatajob”可知,作者的儿子找到了一份工作。
答案:
B
9.A.thereforeB.besides
C.howeverD.otherwise
解析:
根据上文的“withusualenthusiasm”和下文的“wasdeeplydisappointed”可知,上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系。
答案:
C
10.A.daughterB.nephew
C.sonD.cousin
解析:
根据上下文可知,Gary和作者是父子关系。
答案:
C
11.A.supportB.accept
C.controlD.persuade
解析:
根据作者下文所说的话和上文的“reasoning”可知,作者想劝说儿子放弃那份工作,因为作者感到很失望。
persuade“劝说”。
答案:
D
12.A.honestB.ordinary
C.latterD.former
解析:
根据“reunion”可知,此处是和以前的高中同学团聚。
former“以前的”。
答案:
D
13.A.preventB.forget
C.handleD.admit
解析:
根据语境可知,作者认为儿子的工作一个高中辍学者都可以做,而他的同学们则成了医生、律师和工程师,作者问儿子能否应对这种情况。
handle“应付,处理”。
答案:
C
14.A.h
解析:
作者的儿子很坚定地回答,没有丝毫犹豫,与语境“Yes,Dad,”呼应。
答案:
A
15.A.desertedB.silenced
C.ignoredD.angered
解析:
根据上文可知,儿子的话让作者沉默了。
答案:
B
16.A.essayB.article
C.poemD.passage
解析:
根据上文的“IhavewrittenapoemcalledFlyingKites”可知,作者想起了自己写的那首诗。
答案:
C
17.A.secretB.string
C.dogD.news
解析:
根据上文的“WillIreleasethestringasunselfishlyasthat”可知,此处表示要放开风筝上的线。
答案:
B
18.A.oldB.honest
C.luckyD.cute
解析:
根据空后的“makehisownchoices”可推知,儿子已经长大,可以自己做决定了。
答案:
A
19.A.guiltyB.tired
C.afraidD.proud
解析:
根据上文的“TodayGaryhasasuccessfulcareerworkingforthecity.”可推知,父亲看到儿子的成功,自然是为之自豪。
答案:
D
20.A.SinceB.When
C.AlthoughD.Unless
解析:
根据语境可知,此处表示逻辑上的因果关系。
since“因为,既然”。
答案:
A
Ⅲ.短文改错
Hereisafunnystory.Onedaythreemousessaidproudlytoeachotherthattheyeachcoulddrinkmorewine,sotheydecidedtohaveadrinkingcontest.Atlasttheybothfeltdizzy.Onesuggested,“Willanybodygotothewinecellartofetchanotherbottleofwine?
”Thefirststoodupanddownthenfelltotheground.Theothertwolaughedandsaid,“He