度全国职称英语等级考试卫生类B级试题及答案.docx
《度全国职称英语等级考试卫生类B级试题及答案.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《度全国职称英语等级考试卫生类B级试题及答案.docx(15页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
度全国职称英语等级考试卫生类B级试题及答案
2015年度全国职称英语等级考试卫生类(B级)试题
第1部分:
词汇选项(第1。
15题,每题1分,共15分)
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线,请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1Ibelievethatheraccountofwhathappenedisvery accurate.
AsimpleBpreciseCvividDclose
2He based hisconclusionontheevidencegivenbytheprisoner.
AofferedBworkedCmadeDsatisfied
3Theunion calledoff thestrikeatthelastminuteyesterday.
AcancelledBstagedClengthenedDorganized
4Ihaveearnedalotofmoney,butthatisnotthe issue.
AgoalBtaskCkeyDpoint
5Therehasbeenalotof debate amongusaboutthenecessitytosavemoney
AtalkBsuggestionsCdiscussionDideas
6Theeconomycontinuedto exhibit signsofdeclineinOctober.
AshowBmarkCrecordDcarry
7Heenduredunbearableagoniesbeforehefinally passedaway.
AleftBrelaxedCdiedDslept
80illeakingfromaboatorshipmayposea hazard todrinkingwater.
AodorBdiseaseCdangerDsmell
9Thefiremenmadea spectacular rescueyesterday.
AtimelyBwonderfulCcleverDcooperative
10Shewas unwilling togo,butshehadnochoice.
AreadyBangryCsorryDreluctant
11.Itwasunfortunatethatshehad erased themessage.
AheardofBrubbedoutClookedatDspokenout
12.Hecamebackhome fatigued.
AexhaustedBscaredCworriedDfrightened
13.Thewomanlivingnextdoorisextremely slender.
AslimBtallCweakDpale
14.Youraccusationis wholly withoutfoundation.
AalmostBprobablyCevidentlyDcompletely
15.He wasobsessedwith Americanhorrormovies.
AkeptthinkingaboutBtookadvantageof
CpaidnoattentiontoDcarednothingabout
第2部分:
阅读判断(第16—22题,每题1分,共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断:
如果该句提供的是正确信息,请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择C。
BaselineExamIsKeytoEyeHealth
Evenpeoplewithnosignsorriskfactorsforeyediseasecansuffervisionlossandneedtogetbaseline(基线)eyeexamsatage40,saystheAmericanAcademyofOphthalmologyThereminder(提示)ispartoftheAAO'sEyeSmartcampaigntomarkSaveYourVisionMonthinFebruary.
"Manyeyediseasesprogresswithoutanywarningsigns,"Dr.StephanieMarioneaux,ainiticalcorrespondentfortheAAO,saidinapreparedstatement."Gradualchangesinvisioncanaffectyourabilitytofunctionindependentlyandhaveconfidenceinyourabilities."
Basedonthefindingsfromtheinitialscreening,aneyedoctorwillcreateascheduleforfollow-upeyeexams.
Peopleofanyagewhohavesymptomsofeyediseaseorareathighriskduetofamilyhistory,diabetes(糖尿病)orhighbloodpressureshouldconsultwiththeireyedoctortodeterminehowoftentheyshouldhavetheireyeschecked,theAAOrecommends.
By2020,43millionAmericanswillbeatsignificantriskforvisionlossorblindnessduetoage-relatedeyediseasessuchascataracts(白内障)andglaucoma(青光眼)That'samorethan50percentincreaseoverthecurrentnumberofAmericanswithsuchvision-
threateningdiseases.
ButmanyAmericansareunconcernedabouttheriskofvisionloss.Only23percentofAmericansareveryconcernedaboutlosingtheirvision,whilemostfeelweightgainandjointorbackpainaregreaterworriesthanvisionloss,accordingtoanAAOsurveyconductedforitsEyeSmartcampaign.
16Peoplewithnosignsofeyediseasedon'tneedanyeyeexams.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
17Changesinvisioncannotaffectpeople'slives.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
18There'sagreatshortageofeyedoctorsintheUS.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
19Highbloodpressureisoneoftheriskfactorsforeyedisease.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
200lderpeopleareathigherriskforvisionlossorblindness.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
21MostAmericansareworriedabouttheriskofvisionloss.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
22WeightgainandjointorbackpainarebigworriesinEurope.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
第3部分:
概括大意与完成句子(第23—30题,每题1分,共8分)
下面的短文后有2项测试任务:
(1)第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2~5段,每段选择1个最佳标题;
(2)第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
TheEbolaOutbreak
YouarelikelyawarethatseveralcountriesinWestAfricaarebattlinganEbolaoutbreakEbolaisadangerousandoftenlethalviralinfection.Scientistsbelievethathumanscontractedthevirusbyeatingthemeatofrareanimals.Itisnowbelievedthatbatsaretheprimarycarrierofthevirus.
2Todate,thereareonlythreemajorcountriesinWestAfricaexperiencingamajoroutbreak:
SierraLeone,LiberiaandGuinea.However,othercountriessuchasNigeriahavereportedconfirmedcasesofEbolawithintheirborders.
3UnlessyourecentlyvisitedoneofthethreeaffectedWestAfricancountries,yourriskofcontractingthevirusisvirtuallyzero.UnlikeotherrecentairborneviraloutbreakslikeSARS,theEbolaviruscanonlybespreadthroughdirectcontactwithaninfectedperson.
Specifically,Ebolaisspreadthroughcontactwithbodyfluids.Thoughthevirusistransmittable,onlyaninfectedpersonexhibitingsymptomsiscommunicable.
4ThesignsandsymptomsofEbolaarenon-specificandpatientstypicallyexhibitthemafteraweekofcontractingthevirus.Symptomsmayappearasearlyastwodaysoraslateasthreeweeksafterinitialinfection.Symptomsincludedisgust,weaknessandstomachpain.Moreuncommonsymptomsincludechestpain,bleedingandsorethroat.
5Ebolaisdevastatingbecauseofitsabilitytoattackandreplicateineveryorganofthebody.Thiscausesanoverstimulationofthebody'sinflammatoryresponse,causingtheflu-likesymptoms.Thevirusalsocausesbleedingandimpairsthebody'snormalclottingmechanism(凝血机制),makingbleedingevenmoresevere.Lossofbloodvolumeanddecreasedorganperfusion灌注)ultimatelyleadtoorganfailureanddeath.
6Thecurrentoutbreakisthedeadliestviraloutbreakinover35years.Whilediseasessuchasthemalaria(疟疾)arefarmorecommunicable,Ebolaisoneoftheworld'smostfatalviralinfections;Ebola'sfatalityrateexceedsthatofSARS.
23、Paragraph2
24、Paragraph3
25、Paragraph4
26、Paragraph5
AAmIatriskofcontractingthevirus?
BHowdoIknowifIhavecontractedthevirus?
CWhatcausedtheEbolaoutbreak?
DWhatexactlydoesEboladotothebody?
EIsthecurrentoutbreakthedeadliest?
FWhatareasarecurrentlyaffected7
27TheinitialEbolaoutbreakwasfoundin
28ThedifferencebetweenSARSandEbolavirusesI
29Thesymptomsofthepatientsafterbeinginfected
30TheEbolavirustransmitsbycontactwithliesinmayfirstappear
Ainfectedbodyfluids
Bthemodeoftransmission
Cwithinawiderangeofdays
DthreecountriesinWestAfrica
Eagainsttheoutbreakseverity
Ftheinitialdaysofbeinginfected
第4部分:
阅读理解(第31~45题,每题3分,共45分)
下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题。
请根据短文内容,为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇
MoreAmericansGettingHighBloodPressure
ThenumberofAmericanswithhighbloodpressureisontherisethanksinlargeparttogrowingratesofobesity(过度肥胖),researcherssaidonTuesday.
Butincreasingnumbersofthosewithhighbloodpressure,alsocalledhypertension,aregettingtheconditiontreated,researchersfromtheUSgovernment'sNationalInstitutesofHealth(NIH)wroteinthejournalHypertension.
Highbloodpressurecanleadtostroke,heartattack,heartfailureorkidney(肾)failure.Itissometimescalledthe"silentkiller"becauseithasnosymptoms,andmanypeoplehaveitforyearswithoutknowingit.
Dataspanningsixyearsthrough2004showedthat29percentofUSadultshadhighbloodpressure,comparedt024percentinthesix-yearperiodendingin1994,the
researcherssaid.
"Thepercentageofthepopulationwithhighbloodpressureisincreasing,"Dr.JeffreyCutleroftheNIH'sNationalHeart,Lung,atelephoneinterview.
Someoftheleadingfactorsbehindhighbloodpressureoverweight,notgettingregularphysicalactivity,smokingandtooThestudyshowedblackscontinuedtohavehigherratesofwhites.
goingthewrongway-it'sandBloodInstitutesaidinincludebeingobeseormuchsaltinthediet.
highbloodpressurethanDuringthe1999-2004period,61percentofthosewithhighbloodpressurewereundergoingtreatmentforitand35percenthadtheirbloodpressureundercontrol,theresearcherssaid.Anumberofdifferentdrugsareusedtotreathypertension.
Thefindingswerebasedondataonanationallyrepresentativesampleof16,351USadultsfor1988-1994and14,430adultsfor1999-2004.
31ThenumberofAmericanswithhypertensionis
Asmallerthanbefore.
Bgreaterthanbefore.
Cthesameasbefore.
Dhardtocalculate.
32Hypertensionmayleadto
Astroke.
Bheartattack.
Ckidneyfailure.
Dalloftheabove.
33Hypertensionissometimescalled
Aitscausesremainunknown.
Bitoftenhasnosymptoms.
Cit'salifelongcondition.
Dit'streatedsecretly.
34Twenty-ninepercentofUSadults
Aduringthe1988-2004period.
Bduringthe1994-1999period.
Cduringthe1999-2004period.
Dduringthe1988-1994period.
35.WhichofthefollowingisNOTalikelycauseofhypertension?
AConstantsmoking.
BObesityoroverweight.
CRegularphysicalactivity.
DToomuchsaltinthediet.
NewUSPlanforDiseasePrevention
UrgingAmericanstotakeresponsibilityfortheirhealth,HealthandHumanServicesSecretaryTommyThompsononTuesdaylauncheda$15millionprogramtotrytoencouragecommunitiestodomoretopreventchronicdiseaseslikeheartdisease,canceranddiabetes(糖尿病).
Theinitiative(倡议)highlightsthecostofchronicdiseases-theleadingcausesofdeathintheUnitedStates-andoutlineswaysthatpeoplecanpreventthem,includingbetterdietandincrea