江苏专转本考试大学英语测验题.docx
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江苏专转本考试大学英语测验题
江苏省2017年普通高校专转本选拔考试
英语试卷卷
(非英语类专业)
注意事项:
1.本试卷分为试卷卷和答题卡两部分,试卷卷共10页,全卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟。
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PratIReadingComprehension(共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
Directions:
Thereare4passageinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
PassageOne
Questions1to5basedonthefollowingpassage.
Weusebothwordsandgesturestoexpressourfeelings,buttheproblemisthatthesewordsandgesturescanbeunderstoodindifferentways.
Itistruethatasmilemeansthesamethinginanylanguage.Sodoeslaughterorcrying.Therearealsoanumberofstrikingsimilaritiesinthewaydifferentanimalsshowthesamefeelings.Dogs,tigersandhumans,forexample,oftenshowtheirteethwhentheyareangry.Thisisprobablybecausetheyarebornwiththosebehaviorpatterns.
Fearisanotheremotionthatisshowninmuchthesamewayallovertheworld.InChineseandEnglishliterature,aphraselike“hewentpaleandbegantotremble”suggeststhatthemaniseitherveryafraidordeeplyshocked.However,“heopenedhiseyeswide”isusedtosuggestangerinChinesewhereasinEnglishitmeanssurprise.InChinesesurprisecanbedescribedinaphraselike“theystretchedouttheirtongues”.StickingoutyourtongueinEnglishisaninsultinggestureorexpressesstrongdislike.
Eveninthesameculture,peopledifferintheabilitytounderstandandexpressfeelingsExperimentsinAmericahaveshownthatwomenareusuallybetterthanmenatrecognizingfear,angerloveandhappinessonpeople’sfaces.Otherstudiesshowthatolderpeopleusuallyfinditeasiertorecognizeorunderstandbodylanguagethanyoungerpeopledo.
1.Accordingtothepassage,_________.
A.wecanhardlyunderstandwhatpeople’sgesturesmean
B.wordsandgesturesmayhavedifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures
C.wordscanbebetterunderstandbyolderpeople
D.gesturescanbebetterunderstandbymostofthepeoplewhilewordscannot
2.People’sfacialexpressionsmaybemisunderstandbecause______。
A.peopleofdifferentagesmayhavedifferentunderstandings
B.peoplehavedifferentcultures
C.peopleofdifferentsexesmayunderstandagesturedifferently
D.peopleofdifferentcountriesspeakdifferentlanguages
3.Eveninthesameculture,people_______.
A.havedifferentabilitiestounderstandandexpressfeelings
B.haveexactlythesameunderstandingofsomething
C.neverfailtounderstandeachother
D.areequallyintelligent
4.Fromthispassage.wecanconclude_______.
A.wordsareusedasfrequentlyasgestures
B.wordsareoftenfounddifficulttounderstand
C.wordsandgesturesarebothusedinexpressingfeelings
D.gesturesaremoreefficientlyusedthanwords
5.Thebesttitleforthispassagebe________.
A.WordsandFeelings
B.Words,GesturesandFeelings
C.GesturesandFeelings
D.CultureandUnderstanding
PassageTwo
Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
TheEnglishpolicemanhasseveralnicknamesbutthemostfrequentlyusedare“copper”and“bobby”.Thefirstnamecomesformtheverb“tocop”(whichisalsoslang),meaning“totake”or“tocapture”,andthesecondcomesformthefirstnameofSirRobertPeel,a19thcenturypolitician,whowasthefounderofthepoliceforceasweknowittoday.Anearlynicknameforthepolicemanwas“peeler”,butthisonehasdiedout.
Whateverwemaycallthem,thegeneralopinionofthepoliceseemstobeafavorableone,except,ofcourse,amongthecriminalpartofthecommunitywherethepolicearegivenmorederogatorynicknameswhichoriginatedinAmerica,suchas“fuzz”or“pig”.VisitorstoEnglandseemtobeveryimpressedbytheEnglishpolice.Ithas,infact,becausestandingjokethatthevisitortoBritain,whenaskedforhisviewsofthecountry,willalwayssay,atsomepointorother,“Ithinkyourpolicemenarewonderful”.
Well,theBritishbobbynotalwaysbewonderfulbutheisusuallyaveryfriendlyandhelpfulsortofcharacter.Amusic-hallsongofsomeyearsagowascalled“IfYouWantToKnowTheTime,AskAPoliceman”.Nowadays,mostpeopleownwatchesbuttheystillseemtofindplentyofotherquestionstoaskthepoliceman.InLondon,thepolicemanspendsomuchoftheirtimedirectingvisitorsaboutthecitythatonewondershowtheyeverfindtimetodoanythingelse.
TwothingsareimmediatelynoticeabletothestrangerwhenheseesanEnglishpolicemanforthefirsttime.Thefirstisthatdoesnotcarryapistolandthesecondisthathewearsaverydistinctivetypeofheadgear,thepoliceman’shelmet.Hishelmet,togetherwithhisheight,enablesanEnglishpolicemantobetimeitissuggestedthatthepolicemanshouldbegivenapistolandthanhishelmetshouldbetakenformhim,butbothsuggestionsareresistedbythemajorityofthepublicandthepolicethemselves.
6.NowadaysBritishpeoplecallthepoliceman________.
A.pigB.peelerC.bobbyD.fuzz
7.WhichoffollowingstatementsisTRUE?
A.TherearefewercriminalsinAmericathaninBritain.
B.B.TheEnglishpoliceusuallyleaveadeepimpressiononvisitors.
C.TheEnglishbobbyisfriendlybutnothelpful.
D.TheEnglishpoliceenjoyhavingpistols.
8.IfyouseeanEnglishpolicemanforthefirsttime,youwillprobablynoticeatoncethat_______.
A.heoftentellspeopletimeB.heisusuallyveryhelpful
C.hehasahelmetontheheadD.hewearsspecialclothes
9.ThatanEnglishpolicemancanbeseenformsomedistanceis______.
A.astandingjokeB.ofnohelp
C.strangeandfunnyD.ofsomehelp
10.VisitorspraisetheEnglishpolicebecause______.
A.theyarepoliceandhelpfulB.theyobeyorders
C.theyoftengivethanksD.theyarearmedwithmodernequipment
PassageThree
Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Itisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory.Themeaningsofthousandsofeverydayperceptions,thebasesforthedecisionswemake,andtherootsofourhabitsandskillsaretobefoundinourpastexperiences,whicharebroughtintothepresentbymemory.
Memorycanbedefinedasthecapacitytokeepinformationavailableforlatterforlateruse.Itnotonlyincludes“remembering”thingslikearithmeticorhistoricalfactsbutalsoinvolvesanychangeinthewayananimaltypicallybehaves.Memoryisinvolvedwhenaratgivesupeatinggrainbecausehehassniffedsomethingsuspiciousinthegrainpile.Memoryisalsoinvolvedwhenasix-year-oldchildlearnstoswingabaseballbat.
Memoryexistsnotonlyinhumansandanimalsbutalsoinsomephysicalobjectsandmachines.Computers,forexample,containdevicesforstoringdataforlateruse.Itisinterestingtocomparethememory-storagecapacityofacomputerwiththatofahumanbeing.Theinstant-accessmemoryofalargecomputermayholdupto100,000“words”—readyforinstantuse.AnaverageAmericanteenagerprobablyrecognizesthemeaningofabout100,000wordsofEnglish.However,thisisbutafractionofthetotalamountofinformationwhichtheteenagerhasstored.Consider,forexample,thenumberoffacesandplacesthattheteenagercanrecognizeonsight.
Theuseofwordsisthebasisoftheadvancedproblemsolvingintelligenceofhumanbeings.Alargepartofaperson’smemoryisintermsofwordsandcombinationsofwords.
11.Accordingtothepassage,memoryisconsideredtobe________.
A.thebasisfordecisionmakingandproblemsolving
B.theabilitytostoreinformationforfutureuse
C.anintelligencetypicallypossessedbyhumanbeings
D.thedatamainlyconsistingofwordsandcombinationsofwords
12.Thecomparisonbetweenthememorycapacityofalargecomputerandthatofahumanbeingshowsthat______.
A.computer’smemoryhasalittlebiggercapacitythanateenager’s
B.computer’smemorycapacityismuchsmallerthananadulthumanbeing’s
C.computer’smemorycapacityismuchsmallereventhanateenager’s
D.computer’smemorycapacityisthesameasateenager’s
13.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat______.
A.onlyhumanbeingshaveproblem-solvingintelligence
B.aperson’smemoryisdifferentfromacomputer’sineveryrespect
C.animalscansolveverysimpleproblems
D.animalssolveproblemsbyinstinctratherthanintelligence
14.Thephrase“intermof”inthelastsentencecanbebestreplacedby“______”.
A.inconnectionwithB.expressedby
C.consistingD.bymeansof
15.Themainideaofthepassageis________.
A.whatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory
B.memoryisofvitalimportancetolife
C.howaperson’smemoryisdifferentformananimal’soracomputer’s
D.whatmemorycarries
PassageFour
Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Clearlyifwearetoparticipateinthesocietyinwhichwelivewemustcommunicatewithotherpeople.Agreatdealofcommunicationisperformedonaperson-to-personbasisbythesimplemeansofspeech.Ifwetravelinbuses,buythinginshops,oreatinrestaurants,wearelikelytohaveconversationswherewegiveinformationoropinions,receivenewsorcomment,andverylikelyhaveourviewschallengedbyothermembersofsociety.
Face-to-facecontactisbynomeanstheonlyformofcommunicationandduringthelasttwohundredyearstheartofmasscommunicationhasbecomeoneofthedominatingfactorsofcontemporarysociety.Twothings,aboveothers,havecausedtheenormousgrowthofthecommunicationindustry.Firstly,inventivenesshasledtoadvancesinprinting,telecommunications,photograph