汽车实用英语年月.docx

汽车实用英语年月.docx

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汽车实用英语年月

2018年4月江苏省高等教育自学考试

08586汽车实用英语

（一）

总分

题分

10

20

10

40

20

合分人

得分

Ⅰ.Matchthephrasesontheleftwiththeexplanationsontherightandwritethecorrespondingletterinthebrackets

（beforethenumber）.（10pointsinall,1pointforeach）

）1.air-fuelmixtureA.置入的诊断程序

）2．gasoline-electrichybridB．燃油直喷

）3．built-indiagnosticprocedureC．后备模式

）4.fuelpumprelayD．具有环保意识的客户

）5.Closed-LoopSystemE．后轮独立悬架

）6.fueldirectinjectionF．空气一燃油混合物

）7.climatecontrolsystemG．闭环控制系统

）8.limp-homemodeH．汽油一电动混合汽车

）9．independentrearsuspensionI．燃油泵继电器

）10.green-mindedcustomerJ．气候控制系统

Ⅱ。

Wordstranslation.（20pointsinall,1pointforeach）

A.TranslatethefollowingwordsintoChinese.

11.engine________

buston______

13.nameplate_______

15.manual__________

17.throttle___________

19.turbocharger____________

12.combustion____________

14.hybrid_____________

16.alternator_____________

18.minivan_____________

20.failure_____________________

B.FillintheblankswiththecorrespondingEnglishabbreviations.

21.无级变速器___________

23.节气门踏板总成___________

25.故障指示灯____________

22.交流电流______________

24.怠速调节控制_______________

26.企业平均燃油经济性______________

27．一氧化碳__________________

29.全轮驱动系统_________________

28.图示万用表_________________

30.美国汽车工程师学会____________________

ⅢReadthepassageandchoosetheproperwordsorphrases

fromtheboxfortheblanks,andputthecorresponding

letterintheblanksbelow,eachwordorphrasecanbeused

onlyonce.（10pointsinall,1pointforeach）

Themostimportantcomponentsinthe____________fromasafetystandpointarethelightsandsignals.Lightsareneededtolightthewayinthe__________32,tomarktheoutlineofthe

vehiclesootherdriverscanseeitandtoinformothersofthedriver's

stoppingorturning）._____________________33（slowing,_____0fvehicleinspectionsduringNationalCarCareMonthof2003inU.S.revealedthat:

（1）8%oftheinspectedvehiclesneededworkonatleastoneoftheirturnsignals。

（2）6%hadproblemswithatleastoneoftheirbrakelights,（3）5%_____asidelightinspection。

（4）1%failedtheinspectionfortheirheadlights,parkinglights,

taillights,backuplightsandlicenseplatelights.There'snopracticalwaytotell____alamporbulbisaboutout.Afewvehicleshavea"lampoutagemodulevthatturnsonaninstrumentButonthe___o:

fcars,someonehastophysicallyturnonthelamporbulbis39paneligh_________1warningindicator.tstodetermineifaCustomersmaynotevenbeawarethattheirtaillamps,turnsignalsorstoplampsarenotfunctioningproperly_________ithasbeenpointedouttothem.

Ⅳ.Readingcomprehension.Readthefollowingpassages

carefullyandanswerthequestionswiththecorrect

choice.Thenwritethecorrespondingletterinthe

brackets.（40pointsinall,2pointsforeach）

Passage1

In1893,HenryFordinDearborn,Michigan,USA,placedhisfirstcarontheroad.Withthedevelopmentofthesturdy,low-pricedModelTinOctober1908,HenryFordmadehiscompanythebiggestintheindustry.Assembly-lineproductionmethodsintroducedbyHenryFordin1913enabledthepriceofthisfive-seattouringcartodropfrom$850in1908to$300in1925.Throughtheperiodfrom1900tothemid1920s,developmentofautomotivetechnologywasrapid.Keydevelopmentsincludedelectricignitionandtheelectricself-starter,independentsuspension,andfour-wheelbrakes.

Priortotheperiodin1886whenKarlBenzpatentedthefirstvehicle,mostpeopleoftheworldincludingEuropeandJapanwerenotabletotravelmorethan35kmfromtheirhomesexceptarmymanandreligioustravelers.WithoutBenz'sknowledge,hiswifeBerthaBenzsecretlysetoutonapromotionaltourfromMannheimonemorninginAugust1888,togetherwiththeirtwosons.Intheeveningofthesameday,thetrioarrivedatBertha'smother’splaceinPforzheim.Thiswastheworld'sfirstlong-distancejourneyinanautomobile,andprovedthesuitabilityoftheBenzpatentmotorcarforeverydayuse.TheBenz'sinventioninhispatentwasnotjustanexistingvehicletowhichanenginewasfitted.Instead,Benzdevelopedthefirstmodernautomobileinwhichengine,powertrainandchassisformedanindependententity,respectively.

In1901,theDaimlermotorcompanypredictedthatworldwidecarsaleswouldneverexceedlmillionbecausethepopulationatlargecouldnotprovidemorethanamillionpeoplecapableoflearninghowtodrivetheirvehicle.ItisnowwellknownthatDaimlergrosslyunderestimated.Fromthishistoricalstandpoint,itbecomesinterestingtoseehowtheroadvehiclehasbecomethegreatliberatorintermsofpersonalandmassmobility.EarlyintheSecondWorldWartheworldvehiclefleetwaslessthan50millionunits,butby1987thetotalunithasgrowntoapproximately516million,ofwhich395millionwerepassengercars.

41.Whichmethodsdecreasethepriceoffive-seattouringcar?

（）parts

A.UsingnewmaterialsB.Sendingafewoflaborsaway

C.Assembly-lineD.Reusingsomeused

42.Howmanyautomotivekeydevelopmentshavebeenmadethroughtheperiodfrom1900

tothemid1920s?

（）

A.oneB．twoC.threeD.four

43.Whohasperformedtheworld~sfirstlong-distancejourneyinanautomobile?

（）

A.KarlBenzB.BerthaBenz

C.HenryFordD.Daimler

44.WhydidtheDaimlermotorcompanypredictthatworldwidecarsalewouldneverexceed1millioninl9017（

A.Becausetherewerenotlmillionpeoplein1901.

B.Becausetherewerenotlmillionpeoplecapableofbuyingthecar.

C.Becausetherewerenotlmillionpeoplecapableoflearninghowtodrivethecar.

D.Becausethecarmanufacturerscouldn'tproducemorethanlmillioncars.

45.By1987,howmanypassengercarswerethereintheworld?

（）

A.50millionsB.516millionsC.35millionsD.395millions

Passage2

Theheadgasketmustsealcombustionpressuresupt01000psiingasolineenginesandupto2000psiinturbochargeddieselengines.Theheadgasketmustundergotemperatureover2000F.Giventhissevereenvironment,eventheslightestfaultinagasketwilleventuallyresultinitsfailure.Ifthecorrectgasketisn'tused,propertechniquesaren'tfollowedorproperinspectionisn'tdone,thesealwon'tberight.

Herearesomeofthecausesofgasketfailurethatmustberecognizedandunderstoodinordertocorrecttheproblem.

HotSpots

Ahotspotcausesmetalinasmallareaoftheheadand/orblocktoexpandexcessively.Thisexpansioncancrushanddamagetheheadgasket.Asaresult,thegasketmayleak,erodeand/oreventuallyburnthrough.

Ifaheadgasketisreplacedwithoutfindingthecauseofthehotspot,thereplacementgasketwilleventuallyfail,too.Hotspotsalsocauseadditionalstresstotheheaditself,resultingincrackingorwarping.Whateveroverheatingincidentcancausethecastingstodistortpermanently.Useastraightedgeandfeelergaugetocheckforflatness.Ifeithersurfaceisdamagedorout-ofjlatness,itmustberesurfacedtoassurepropersealingwhenanewgasketisinstalled.

Coolant-RelatedProblems

Sometimescoolantcanbeproblematicalforheadgasketsinbimetalengines.Corrosioninhibitorsareaddedtomanycoolantstoprotectalltypesofmetals.Inbimetalengines,theseadditiveseventuallyformaluminumsalts,whichcanformacoatingontheradiatortubes,reducingcoolingefficiencyandpossiblyleadingtogasketfailure.Athoroughflushingiscalledforinthiscase.Inextremecasesofpluggingordeterioration,radiatorreplacementmaybetheonlyanswer.keplacingaradiatoratthefirstsighofaproblemisusuallycheaperandeasierthandoingaheadgasketjobaftertheenginedamagehasbeendone.

46.Inthefollowingcases,whenwillthegasketsealberight?

（）

A.Whenthecorrectgasketisused.

B.Whenimpropertechniquesarefollowed.

C.Whenproperinspectionisn'tdone.

D.Whenthegasketisunderpoorenvironment.

47.Inthisarticle,howmanycauseswillleadtothegasketfailure?

A.oneB.two

C.threeD.four

鼻

48.Whenhotspotsexpansioncrushanddamagetheheadgasket,whichofthefollowing

maynotoccur?

（）

A.Thegasketmayleak.B.Thegasketmayerode.

C.Thegasketmayburnthrough.D.Thegasketmaydistort.

49.Inthelastparagraph,whatdoestheboldanditalicword"additives"imply?

（）

A.bimetalmaterialsB.aluminumsalts

C.corrosioninhibitorsD.coolant

50.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

（）

A.Theheadgasketmustwithstandtemperatureover2000F.

B.Sometimescoolantcanbeproblematicalforheadgasketsinbimetalengines.

C.Ifaheadgasketisreplacedwithoutfindingthecauseofthehotspot,thereplacementgasketcanbeeventuallynormal.

D.Inextremecasesofpluggingordeterioration,radiatorreplacementmaybetheonlyanswer.

Passage3

TheMazda'snewrotaryengineRX8doesn'tdevelopquiteasmuchhorsepowerasthetwin-turboofold,butat207hp.forthebaseengineand247forthehigh-performanceversion,thecoupeisquick.Wasn'ttherotaryhavingproblemswithemissions?

Yes,butthenewenginehasasignificantdesignchange:

Theexhaustportsweremovedfromtherotorhousingtothetwolarge,flatsidehousings,wheretheintakeportsalsoarelocated.Thislargerspacepermitslargerports,plustailoringtheirshapeforbothoptimumperformanceandloweremissions.

Withouttheturbosandotherhardware,thenewrotaryengineismorecompact（sameheightasthetransmission）,soforvehicleweightdistribution.it'smoved2.4in.furthertotherearthanitwasintheRX7.Thisputsmostoftheengineweightpastthecenterlineofthefrontaxle,adesignMazdacalls"advancedfrontmidship".Rotaryenginesrespondwelltomultipathairintakesyste