届高三英语二轮专题测试阅读理解47.docx

届高三英语二轮专题测试阅读理解47.docx

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届高三英语二轮专题测试阅读理解47

2014届高三英语二轮专题测试：

阅读理解

1.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Asksomeonewhattheyhavedonetohelptheenvironmentrecentlyandtheywillalmostcertainlymentionrecycling.Recyclinginthehomeisveryimportantofcourse.However,beingforcedtorecycleoftenmeanswealreadyhavemorematerialthanweneed.Wearedealingwiththeresultsofthatover-consumptioninthegreenestwaypossible,butitwouldbefarbetterifwedidnotneedtobringsomuchmaterialhomeinthefirstplace.

Thetotalamountofpackagingincreasedby12%between1999and2005.Itnowmakesupathirdofatypicalhousehold’swasteintheUK.Inmanysupermarketsnowadaysfooditemsarepackagedtwicewithplasticandcardboard.

Toomuchpackagingisdoingseriousdamagetotheenvironment.TheUK,forexample,isrunningoutofitforcarryingthisunnecessarywaste.Ifsuchpackagingisburnt,itgivesoffgreenhousegaseswhichgoontocausethegreenhouseeffect.Recyclinghelps,buttheprocessitselfusesenergy.Thesolutionisnottoproducesuchitemsinthefirstplace.Foodwasteisaseriousproblem,too.Toomanysupermarketsencouragecustomerstobuymorethantheyneed.However,afewofthemarecomingroundtotheideathatthiscannotcontinue,encouragingcustomerstoreusetheirplasticbags,forexample.

Butthisisnotjustaboutsupermarkets.Itisaboutallofus.Wehavelearnedtoassociatepackagingwithquality.Wehavelearnedtothinkthatsomethingunpackagedisofpoorquality.Thisisespeciallytrueoffood.Butisalsoappliestoawiderangeofconsumerproducts,whichoftenhavefarmorepackagingthannecessary.

Therearesignsofhope.Asmoreofusrecycle,wearebeginningtorealisejusthowmuchunnecessarymaterialarecollecting.Weneedtofacethewastefulnessofourconsumerculture,butwehaveamountaintoclimb.

56.TheauthorusesfiguresinParagraph2toshow_______.

A.thetendencyofcuttinghouseholdwaste

B.theincreaseofpackagingrecycling

C.therapidgrowthofsupermarkets

D.thefactofpackagingoveruse

57.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?

A.Unpackagedproductsareofbadquality.

B.Supermarketscaremoreaboutpackaging.

C.Itisimpropertojudgequalitybypackaging.

D.Otherproductsarebetterpackagedthanfood.

58.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Fightingwastefulnessisdifficult.

B.Needlessmaterialismostlyrecycled.

C.Peoplelikecollectingrecyclablewaste.

D.Theauthorisproudoftheirconsumerculture.

59.Accordingtothetext,recycling______.

A.helpscontrolthegreenhouseeffect

B.meansburningpackagingforenergy

C.isthesolutiontogasshortage

D.leadstoawasteofland

60.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“over-consumption”referto?

A.Usingtoomuchpackaging.

B.Recyclingtoomanywastes.

C.Makingmoreproductsthannecessary.

D.Havingmorematerialthanisneeded.

2.阅读下列短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Peoplearebeinglured（引诱）ontoFacebookwiththepromiseofafun,freeservicewithoutrealizingthey’repayingforitbygivinguptoadsofpersonalinformation.Facebookthenattemptstomakemoneybysellingtheirdatatoadvertisersthatwanttosendtargetedmessages.

　　MostFacebookusersdon’trealizethisishappening.Eveniftheyknowwhatthecompanyisupto,theystillhavenoideawhatthey’repayingforFacebookbecausepeopledon’treallyknowwhattheirpersonaldataisworth.

　　Thebiggestproblem,however,isthatthecompanykeepschangingtherules.Earlyonyoucouldkeepeverythingprivate.Thatwasthegreatthingaboutfacebook—youcouldcreateyourownlittleprivatenetwork.Lastyear,thecompanychangeditsprivacyrulessothatmanythings—yourcity,yourphoto,yourfriends’names—wereset,bydefault（默认）,tobesharedwitheveryoneontheInternet.

　　AccordingtoFacebook’svice-presidentElliotSchrage,thecompanyissimplymakingchangestoimproveitsservice,andifpeopledon’tshareinformation,theyhavea“lesssatisfyingexperience”.

　　SomecriticsthinkthisismoreaboutFacebooklookingtomakemoremoney.Inoriginalbusinessmodel,whichinvolvedsellingadsandputtingtheminthesideofthepagestotally,whowantstolookatadswhenthey’reonlineconnectingwiththeirfriends?

　　TheprivacyissuehasalreadylandedFacebookinhotwaterinWashington.InApril,SenatorCharlesSchumercalledonFacebooktochangeitsprivacypolicy.HealsourgedtheFederalTradeCommissiontosetguidelinesforsocial-networkingsites.“Ithinkthesenatorrightlycommunicatedthatwehadnotbeenclearaboutwhatthenewproductswereandhowpeoplecouldchoosetousethemornottousethem,”Schrageadmits.

　　IsuspectthatwhateverFacebookhasdonesofartoinvadeourprivacy,it’sonlythebeginning,whichiswhyI’mconsideringdeactivating（撤销）myaccount.Facebookisahandysite,butI’mupsetbytheideathatmyinformationisinthehandsofpeopleIdon’ttrust.That’stoohighapricetopay.

67.WhatdowelearnaboutFacebookfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Itisawebsitethatsendsmessagestotargetedusers.

B.Itmakesmoneybyputtingonadvertisements.

C.Itprofitsbysellingitsusers’personaldata.

D.Itprovidesloadsofinformationtoitsusers.

68.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutmostFacebookusers?

A.Theyarereluctanttogiveuptheirpersonalinformation.

B.Theydon’tknowtheirpersonaldataenrichesFacebook.

C.Theydon’tidentifythemselveswhenusingthewebsite.

D.Theycareverylittleabouttheirpersonalinformation.

69.WhydoesFacebookmakechangestoitsrulesaccordingtoElliotSchrage?

A.Toofferbetterservicetoitsusers.

B.ToobeytheFederalguidelines.

C.Toimproveitsusers’connectivity.

D.Toexpanditsscopeofbusiness.

70.WhydoestheauthorplantocancelhisFacebookaccount?

A.Heisdissatisfiedwithitscurrentservice.

B.Hefindsmanyofitsusersuntrustworthy.

C.Hedoesn’twanthispersonaldataabused.

D.Heisupsetbyitsfrequentrulechanges.

3.阅读下列短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Farmersmaynotbeabletopreventnaturaldisasters,buttheycanatleasttrytheirbesttoreducelosses.

Forexample,theycanplantcropsthataremorelikelytosurviveextremeweather.Innorth-centralVietnam,peoplewithsmallfarmsdonotplantricebetweenSeptemberandDecember.Seasonalrainsmightdestroytherice.Soinstead,theyplantlotusseedsonraisedbeds.TheUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganizationsaysthelotusseedsbringagoodpriceinlocalmarkets. 

FarmersinthePhilippinesareshowingnewinterestincropslikewingedbeans,stringbeans,arrowrootandcassava.TheAsianDisasterPreparednessCentersaystraditionalcropslikethesecansurvivethefiercestormsthatoftenstriketheislands.

TheUnitedNationssayssomeAfricanfarmersgrowbambaragroundnutsduringlongdryperiods.Theseedsofthisdrought-resistantplantcanbeboiledforeatingorformakingflour.

Insomepartsoftheworld,farmersgrowvetivergrass.ResearchersinThailandwroteaboutvetiverin2007inthejournalScienceAsia.Theynotedthatthegrasscanabsorbandcontrolthespreadofharmfulwastewaters,likethosefrompigfarms.

AgriculturalexpertandauthorWilliamRiverasaysvetiverresistsdifficultconditions.Itreducesdamagefromheavyrains.Andvetiverplantedonearthendamsmaystrengthenthemagainstbreaksandflooding.

WilliamRiveraalsospeaksapprovinglyofalfalfa.Itsdeeprootscanfindandtakeupgroundwater.Thoserootsalsohelpholdthesoilagainstwinds.Andalfalfacanbeavaluablefoodsourceforanimals.

Thedeepandextensiverootsofsunflowersmakethemanothergoodcandidateforresistingextremeconditions.Thetallplantshavebrightlycoloredheadsthatprovideseedsandoil.

NorthDakotagrowsmorehectaresofsunflowersthananyotherAmericanstate.ButNorthDakotaisbetterknownasatopwheatproducingstate.

HansKandelworksattheNorthDakotaStateUniversityExtensionServiceinFargo.HesaysfarmersinsomepartsofNorthDakotaplantwheatthatisreadytoharvestinonlyaboutonehundreddays.Thatwayitcangrowbeforethehot,drymonthsofJulythroughSeptember.

63.Theunderlinedpart“bringagoodpriceinlocalmarkets”inthe2ndparagraphimpliesthatlotusseeds_________.

A.willsatisfytheneedsofthelocalpeople

B.arewhatthelocalfarmerseateveryday

C.canbringthelocalfarmerssomeprofit

D.don’tsellverywellbecauseoftheirhighprices

64.Vetivergrassisplantedbecauseitcan_________.

A.beavaluablefoodsourceforanimalsB.survivethefiercestormsinsummer

C.provideseedsandoilD.beusefulinmanyaspects

65.FromthelastparagraphwecanseethatthefarmersinNorthDakota_________.

A.aregoodattakingadvantageoftheweatherconditions

B.don’thaveenoughknowledgeofweatherandfarming

C.arenothardworkingsotheyaresufferingfrompoverty

D.plantmoresunflowersthanwheat

66.Fromthispassagewemaysafelyconcludethat_________.

A.weatherconditionsarealwaysdecisivefactorsinagriculture

B.somecropscanhelpfarmerstofightagainstextremeweather

C.agricultureisdevelopingfastintheworld

D.thespeciesoftheworldarechangingquickly

4.阅读下列短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

FormerIrishPresidentMaryRobinsonwasjustmakingapoliteconversationwithanEthiopian（埃塞俄比亚的）teenageraboutherweddingday.The16-year-oldhadalreadybeenmarriedforayear．"Shelookedatmewiththesaddesteyesandsaid,'Ihadtodropoutofschool,'"Robinsonsaidinatelephoneinterview．"Thatconveyedtomethereality,"saidRobinson,thefirstwomantoserveasIreland'spresidentandformerU．N．highcommissionerfo