英语高考英语阅读理解技巧 阅读训练策略及练习题含答案.docx
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英语高考英语阅读理解技巧阅读训练策略及练习题含答案
(英语)高考英语阅读理解技巧阅读训练策略及练习题(含答案)
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Notre-Dame,thecathedral(大教堂)thatservesasoneofParis'smostbelovedmonuments,isonfire.AccordingtoTheNewYorkTimes,thefirebeganaround6:
30p.m.localtime,whentouristsurgentlyrushedoutofthebuilding.WhileAndreFinot,aspokesmanforthecathedral,toldTheTimes,thatthecauseofthefireisstillunknownandthatnoonehasbeenhurtwhiledamagetothebuildingappearscatastrophic(灾难性的).
CNNreportsthatover400firefightershavebeensenttofightthefire,butthattheymaybeunabletosavethecathedral.Builtinthe12thcentury,Notre-DamehousesseveralrelicsimportanttoCatholics(天主教徒).NBCNewsreportsthatrelicsfromSaintGenevieveandSaintDenismaybeenlost,togetherwitharelicbelievedtobefromJesusChrist'scrownofthorns,butitstatesthatauthoritiesnowbelievethatthecathedralhasbeensavedfrom“totaldestruction”.
Notre-Dameisvisitedbyareported30,000peopleadayand13millionpeopleperyear.Itsdestructionrepresentsaglobalculturalloss."Thisisjusthorrible",MohamedMegdoul,33,afilmproducerandwitnesstothefiretoldTheTimes,speakingthroughtears."Athousandyearsofhistoryisbeingwipedaway.Thisbelongedtothewholeworld,andnowit'sdisappearing."
FrenchPresidentEmmanuelMacronexpressedhissadnessonTwitter."Notre-DameofParisinflames,"readsanEnglishtranslationofhisstatement."Emotionforawholenation.ThoughtsforallCatholicsandforalltheFrench.Likeallourcountrymen,I'msadtogethertoseethispartofusburn."Otherpoliticians,includingMelanisTrump,LondonMayorSadiqKhan,U.K.PrimeMinisterTheresaMayalsosharedtheirsadnessonTwitter.
(1)WhatdoweknowaboutNotre-Dameaccordingtothepassage?
A.Ithasbeencompletelydestroyedbythefire.
B.It'sahugepoliticallosstotheworld.
C.It'sonlymeaningfultoCatholics.
D.Thereasonofthefireremainedtobefoundout.
(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthethirdparagraphimply?
A.ThehistoryofFranceisdestroyedbecauseofthefire.
B.Thelossthefirecausedishuge.
C.ThedamageofNotre-Dameisbeingwipedoff.
D.Thecathedralhasbeensavedfrom"totaldestruction".
(3)What'sthepurposeofwritingthepassage?
A.ToreportadisasterofNotre-Dame.
B.Toexpresspeople'ssadnessofthedestruction.
C.ToemphasizethevalueofNotre-Dame.
D.Toshowtheconcernsfromtheworldwide.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)B
(3)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,报道了举世闻名的法国巴黎圣母院发生火灾的相关信息。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“WhileAndreFinot,aspokesmanforthecathedral,toldTheTimes,thatthecauseofthefireisstillunknownandthatnoonehasbeenhurtwhiledamagetothebuildingappearscatastrophic(灾难性的)”这起火灾的原因还不得而知,对建筑的破坏是灾难性的,并没有说建筑被完全破坏了。
故选D。
(2)考查句义猜测。
根据第三段中的“Itsdestructionrepresentsaglobalculturalloss‘Athousandyearsofhistoryisbeingwipedaway.’”可知,它的毁灭代表了全球文化的损失。
MohamedMegdoul说道:
这很糟糕,一千年的历史就这样被破坏殆尽。
wipeaway“擦掉,破坏殆尽”。
由此判断出这就话显示了火灾造成的损失是巨大的。
故选B。
(3)考查写作意图。
纵观全文可知,本文是一篇新闻报道,文章报道了举世闻名的法国巴黎圣母院发生火灾的相关信息。
因此本文的目的在于报导巴黎圣母院遭遇的巨大灾难。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和写作意图三个题型的考查,是一篇新闻报道,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,同时根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.Directions:
Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.
Takingyourpulseduringphysicalactivityallowsyoutomeasurehowhardyouareexercising.Youshouldexercisetostaywithinyourtargetheartrange.
Increasingyourheartrateisakeypartofexercisebutitisimportantthatyourheartrateisnottoohighortoolow.Ifyouareabeginner,youshouldalsobeabletobreathecomfortablywhileexercising.Thiswillensurethatyouareexercisingatalevelthatissafeandeffectiveforyourbody.
Thechartbelowillustratestargetheartraterangesforexercisebasedonthemaximalheartrateforselectedages.Herearethestepsforusingthechart:
(1)WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.Exerciseintensitycanbereflectedbyaperson'sheartrate.
B.Thefasteryourheartrateis,themoreeffectivetheexerciseis.
C.Vigorousexercisewilldefinitelypresentathreattopeople'ssafety.
D.Thetargetexerciseheartraterangefora45-year-oldis90–149BPM.
(2)A34-year-oldmanisrunningandthenumberofpulseshetakesfor15secondsis40.
Hisfitnesscoachhadbettertellhim_____________.
A."Youaredoingfine."
B."Youcanrunfaster."
C."Youshouldslowdownabit."
D."Youshoulddrinksomewater."
(3)Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?
A.Toadvisepeopletoformahabitoftakingtheirpulseswhileexercising.
B.Toinformpeopleofthetargetheartratezoneforthoseaged60andunder.
C.Totellpeopletheimportanceofmaintainingmoderateamountofexercise.
D.Toshowpeoplehowtomeasureheartratetokeepproperexerciseintensity.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)C
(3)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了如何给自己把脉以及用两个表格向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段“Takingyourpulseduringphysicalactivityallowsyoutomeasurehowhardyouareexercising.Youshouldexercisetostaywithinyourtargetheartrange.”及表格上的数据可知,一个人的心率可以反映运动强度。
故选A。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据表格中给的测量心率的方法可知,此人的每分钟的心率是40*4=160,结合数据表格,年龄34从35岁那一栏可知,大于百分之85,根据图表说明可知,属于剧烈运动,因此他的健康教练应该告诉他放慢一点。
故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
文章通过告诉读者如何给自己把脉以及用两个表格向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。
可知,文章的目的是向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇健康类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
TheUnitedStatesishometo562recognizedAmericanIndianNationseachwithitsownlanguage.
Yetthenumberofnative.Americanswiththeabilitytospeaktheirtribe'slanguagehasdecreasedoverthepastcentury.
Now,IndianNationsaretryingdifferentwaystoexpandthenumberofnativespeakers,andincreaseinterestintheircommunitiestolearntriballanguages.
Sincethelate1800smanyAmericanIndianchildrenhaveattendedboardingschools.Atthattime,Indianchildrenwererequiredtoattendschoolsbylaw,andthegovernmentforcedIndianfamiliestosendtheirchildrentosuchschools.
Thechildrenwereseparatedfromtheirfamilies.andgivenEnglishnameTheteachersoftentaughtnativeAmericanstudentsinEnglish,insteadofthelanguageoftheirparents.TheyweretoldtheyneededtolearnEnglishinordertogetajob,earnmoneyandbuyahouseornicethings.
However,fearingalossofhistoryandculture,theIndianNationsareexperimentingwithnewwaystoincreasethelanguageabilityoftribalmembers.
Atleastoneorganizationisturningtomoderntechnology---TheSealaskaHeritageInstitute,anonprofitgroup,hasdevelopedtwoappsforspeakersoftheTlingitlanguage.
The"LearningTlingit"appservesasareferenceforimportantlanguagetopicssuchasconversationphrases,number,andletters.
TheTlingittribehasabout10,000members.TheylivemainlyinsoutheasternAlaska.Butasof2013,thetribehadonly125nativespeakersleft.inaddition,veryfewyoungpeopleareabletospeakTlingit.
Currentlytherearetwoapps,called"LearningTlingit"and"TlingitLanguageGames".The"LearningTlingit"appservesasalanguageguide.ItprovidesTlingitwordsandexpressions,thetribalalphabet,aswellasabasiclistofthewordsincluded.Withthe"TlingitLanguageGames"app,usersaregivenachoiceofdifferentplacesofenvironments,likeahouse,forestorocean.
(1)WhatistheproblemthenativeAmericansarefacingnow?
A.ThenumberofnativeAmericanshasbeenincreasing.
B.FewerandfewernativeAmericansspeaktheirownlanguage.
C.Theirnativelanguagehasbeenextinct.
D.It'shardtoincreasetheinterestofhearingnativelanguages.
(2)WhatwillbetheresultifmoreandmorenativeAmericansonlyspeakEnglish?
A.Theywillgetbetterjobsandhigherpay.
B.TheywillteachtheirownchildrentospeakEnglish.
C.Theywilllosetheirhistoryandculture.
D.Theywillgetalongwellwiththegovernment.
(3)WhatcanweknowaboutTlingit?
A.Itcanhelpthenativepeopleknowsomelanguagetopics.
B.Itcanhelpthe:
nativepeopleearnmoneyandbuya.houseornicethings
C.Itisaverypopularappamongthenativespeakers
D.Itisanativelanguagespokenbyfewerthan200people.
(4)Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.AmericanIndiantribes'effortstoincreasenativespeakers.
B.ReasonsforthedisappearanceofsomeAmericanIndianlanguages.
C.Waystohelpthenativetribesleadatraditionallife.
D.Thepopularityofthelanguagelearningapps.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)D
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,美国的印第安人正在使用新的方法来增加本族语言的使用,否则,他们的本族语言将面临严重的危机。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Yetthenumberofnative.Americanswiththeabilitytospeaktheirtribe'slanguagehasdecreasedoverthepastcentury.”但是能说他们本族语言的本地美国人的数量在过去的一个世纪中已将减少。
可知,会说本族语的美国土著的人数在过去的一个多世纪中已经减少了,故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第六段中的“However,fearingalossofhistoryandculture,theIndianNationsareexperimentingwithnewwaystoincreasethelanguageabilityoftribalmembers.”然而,害怕失去自己的 历史和文化,许多印第安部落尝试新的方法来提升族人的本族语使用能力。
可知,如果越来越多的族人只说英语,他们将会失去自己的历史和文化。
故选C。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第九段中的“TheTlingittribehasabout10,000members.TheylivemainlyinsoutheasternAlaska.Butasof2013,thetribehadonly125nativespeakersleft.”特林吉特部落有大约一万人。
他们主要居住在阿拉斯加东南部。
但是就2013年的统计,这个部落只有125人可以说自己民族的语言,可知,现在仅仅有不到两百人可以说这种语言了,故选D。
(4)考查主旨大意。
本文前六段描述了美国印第安人在民族语言方面面临的处境以及这一处境引起的担忧,最后四段提出了针对这一问题的解决方案:
美国的印第安人正在使用新的方法(app)来增加本族语使用人数。
选项A中efforts能凸显人们这一问题的担心及在努力寻求解决方案方面所做的努力。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,同时根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
4.阅读理解
Itisbadtohavefoodstuckbetweenyourteethforlongperiodsoftime.Thisisbecausefoodattractsgerms;germsproduceacid,andacidhurtsyourteethandgums.Flossing(使用牙线)helpstoremovethefoodthatgetsstuckbetweenyourteeth.Thisexplainswhyflossingh