电线电缆英语课程 中文翻译.docx

电线电缆英语课程 中文翻译.docx

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电线电缆英语课程中文翻译

Introduction

Electricwireandcableisanimportantmaterialnecessaryforpowertransmission,messagedeliveringandproductionofvariouskindsofelectricmachinesandapparatuses.

Theelectricpowertransmittedfromthepowerstationissuppliedthroughoverheadpowertransmissionlineandpowercableconnectedtodistributionsubstationatdifferentvoltagetopowerusersinfactoriesandmines,aswellasinurbanandruralresidenceareas.Withinfactoriesandmines,bymeansofbusbar,overheadpowertransmissionline,powercable,insulatedcableanddifferentconnectionwire,thepowerissuppliedtoeachelectricequipmentandapparatusintheworkshopsandmineareas.Aseriesofelectricwiresandcables,connectingthepowerstation,distributionsubstationandallpoweruserstogether,formsthepowertransmissionanddistributionsystem,orthepowersystem.Atthesametime,differentkindsofhigh,lowfrequencytelecommunicationcables,localtelephonecables,opticalfibercables,TVbroadcastingandcontrolsignallineswhichtransmitdifferentcommunicationsignalenergybetweenareasofthecountry,usersandwithineachuser,formthecommunicationsignaltransmissionsystem.Inaword,electricwiresandcablesareabsolutelynecessaryinareaswherethepowerisproducedandused.Withtherapiddevelopmentofelectrificationandautomation,electricwireandcableisplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleintheconstructionofnationaleconomyandnationaldefenseindustry.

Attheendofthethirtiesoflastcentury,ChinahadintroducedthecablemanufacturingtechnologyandequipmentfromtheUK,andsincetheeighties,Chinahasintroducedagreatnumberofcablemanufacturingtechnologyandequipmentfromabroad,creatingfavorableconditionsfortheleapofitscableindustry.

LessonOne

Therearemanykindsofelectricwiresandcables.Basedontheproperties,constructionsandmanufacturingtechnologies,incombinationwiththeirspecialtiesinuse,alltheelectricwiresandcablescanbedividedintofivecategories.

A.Barewireandbareconductorproducts:

Thesearetheconductorswithoutinsulation,includingcopper,aluminumandcompositemetalroundindividualwires,overheadpowertransmissionstrandedconductorswithdifferentconstruction,flexiblewires,shapedconductorsandprofiles.

Referencetocompany’scatalogBarewire（overheadconductor）:

AllAluminumStrandedConductor（AAC）,AluminumConductorSteelReinforced（ACSR）,AllAluminumAlloyConductor（AAAC）,AluminumAlloyConductorSteelReinforced（AACSR）,StrandedAluminumCladSteelConductors,AluminumConductorAluminumCladSteelReinforced（ACSR/AW）andAluminumAlloyConductorAluminumCladSteelReinforced.

B.Magneticwires:

Thesearethewireswhichcanproducethemagneticfieldbymeansofelectriccurrent,includingenamelwires,fiberwindingwiresandinorganicinsulatedwires.

C.Powercables:

Thesearethecablesusedinmainlinesofpowersystemforthepowertransmissionanddistribution,including1kVto330kVandabovepowercableswithdifferentinsulations.

Referencetocompany’scatalogPowercable:

PVCInsulatedPowerCable,XLPEInsulatedPowerCable,OverheadCableandUndergroundDistributionCable（URD）.

D.Communicationwiresandcables:

Thesearethecablesusedfortransmissionofvariousvoicefrequencyandabovetelecommunicationmessages,includinglocaltelephonecable,longdistancesymmetricalcommunicationcable,coaxialcommunicationcableandopticalfibercable.Opticalfibercablewasprovedtobeamajorbreakthroughintelephonecommunication.Thelaserwasfirstproducedbyscientistsin1960.Insteadofusinglighttoseeby,telephoneresearcherswerethinkingofwaystouselighttocommunicateby,inotherwords,theyarethinkingofusinglightinthesamepurposeasradiowavesarenowusedtotransmittelephonecalls,televisionprogramsanddatamessages.

E.Electricequipmentwiresandcables:

Thesearetheelectricwiresandcables,whichsupplythepowerfromthedistributionpointofpowersystemtothepowerlineofvariouselectricequipmentandapparatus,includingrubbersheathedflexiblecables,controlandsignalcables,automobilewires,locomotivewireandcables,miningcables,shipboardcablesandoilwellloggingcables.

Referencetocompany’scatalogue:

RubberInsulatedCables,ShipboardCable,BuildingCableandControlCable.

LessonTwo

VariousPropertiesofElectricWiresandCables

Electricwiresandcablesareusedindifferentsituation,consequently,therequirementfortheirpropertiesisalsomany-sidedandextremelywide.Generallyspeaking,theirmainpropertiescanbesummarizedasfollows:

1.Electricalproperty

Conductiveproperty-Mostoftheproductsarerequiredtohavegoodconductiveproperty,afewofthemarerequiredtohavecertainresistancerange.

Electricalinsulatingproperty-Insulationresistance,dielectricconstant,dielectricloss,voltagewithstandproperty.

Transmissionproperty-Itmeanshighfrequencytransmissionproperty,anti-interferenceproperty.

2.Mechanicalproperty-Itmeanstensilestrength,elongation,bendingproperty,elasticity,flexibility,vibrationstrength,abrasionresistance,impactresistance.

3.Thermalproperty-Itmeansproducts’thermalrating,operatingtemperature,heatingandheatdissipationpropertyofpowertransmissionwiresandcables,currentcapacity,shortcurrentandoverloadability,hotdeformationresistanceandheatshockresistanceofsyntheticmaterial,thermalexpansionofmaterialanddrippingpropertyofcoatingmaterialandimpregnationmaterial.

4.

Corrosionresistanceandresistancetoweathering-Itmeanselectricalcorrosionresistance,resistancetobiologicalandbacteriacorrosion,resistancetochemicalscorrosion（oil,acid,alkali,chemicalsolvent）,saltresistance,lightresistance,resistancetocold,moldresistanceandmoistureresistance.

5.Agingproperty-Itmeansmechanicalstress,electricstress,thermalstressandtheproductsandtheircompositionmaterialsabilitytokeeptheiroriginalpropertiesundertheinfluenceofforeignfactorsandenvironmentalweathercondition.

6.

Otherproperty-Itmeansphysicalpropertiesofmaterial（suchasmetalshardness,creepage,compatibilityofhighmolecularmaterial）andsomespecialcharacteristicsofproductsinuse（suchasflame-retardantproperty,radiationresistance,insectproof,delaytransmissionandenergydamping）.

LessonThree

TheFeaturesintheProductionofElectricWireandCable

（1）

Inordertoimproveproduct’squalityanddevelopnewproducts,thefeaturesintheproductionofelectricwireandcableshouldbefullyconsidered.Thesemainfeaturesare:

1.Largeconsumption,greatvarietyandhighrequirementofrawmaterials.Theimprovementofpropertiesofelectricwireandcable,andthedevelopmentofnewproductsarecloselyrelatedtotheselectionofappropriaterawmaterialsandthedevelopmentandimprovementofrawmaterials.

2.

Widerangeoftechnologies,greatnumberofspecialequipment.Theproductionofelectricwireandcableinvolvesmanykindsofprofessionaltechnology,theproductionequipmentismostlyspecial.Theuseofproperequipmentandtechnologicalconditionsandstricttechnologicalcontrolindifferentproductionlinksareplayingkeyroleinincreaseofproduct’squalityandoutput.

3.

Distinctcontinuityofmanufacturingprocesses.Themanufacturingprocessesofelectricwireandcablearemostlycontinuous,so,itisnecessarytodesignareasonableproductionschemeandtechnologicallayouttocoordinateproductionplansofdifferentoperations,aswellastostrengthentheintermediatequalitycontrolofsemi-finishedproductsindifferentoperations.Thesemeasuresareofgreatimportancetoassuranceofproduct’squality,reductionofwasteandincreaseofproductivity.

LessonFour

TheFeaturesintheProductionofElectricWireandCable（Ⅱ）

1.Largeconsumptionofrawmaterial

Idon’tthinkyouknowhowmanytonsofcopperareusedbycablefactoriesinChina.

Idon’tthinkyouknowhowmanycablefactoriesinChina.

Idon’tthinkyouknowhowmanytonsofcopperareimportedyearlybycablefactoriesinChina.

Theanswersare:

3,000,000tonsofcopperareusedyearlybycablefactoriesinChina.

Thereareabout50big-sizedcablefactoriesandabout4000small-sizedandmiddle-sizedcablefactories.

OnemilliontonsofcopperareimportedyearlybycablefactoriesinChina.

Wecanseefromthesenumbershowastonishingisthecopperconsumptionbytheelectricwireandcableproducts,meanwhile,copperisjustoneofthemainrawmaterialsusedbytheelectricwireandcable.Exceptcopper,thereisagreatdealofrawmaterialsusedbytheelectricwireandcable.

Thereisabig-sizedcablefactory,itsyearlyturnoveris5billionYuan,yearlycopperconsumptionis50,000ton,andnoweachtonofcoppercosts60,000Yuan,intotal3billionYuan,itisthe60%ofitstotalturnover.Inadditiontothis,itsyearlyplasticsandrubberconsumptionis5000ton,eachtoncosts10000Yuan,intotal50millionYuan,itisthe10%ofitstotalturnover.Ofcourse,therearealotofotherrawmaterials,suchasaluminum,steel,tin,glass-fibertapeandchemicalmaterials.Accordingtoaconservativeestimate,thecostofrawmaterialsshares90%inthecostofelectricwireandcable.

Itisnoexaggerationtosaythatelectricwireandcableisakindofmaterialintensiveproduct.Becauseofusingagreatquantityofrawmaterialsthepriceofelectricwireandcablemainlydependsuponthecostofrawmaterials.Ontheotherhand,electricwireandcableisalsoakindoflaborintensiveproductduetoitsnumer