最新中考初中英语被动语态考点解析.docx
《最新中考初中英语被动语态考点解析.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《最新中考初中英语被动语态考点解析.docx（19页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
最新中考初中英语被动语态考点解析
中考初中英语被动语态考点解析
英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（TheActiveVoice）和被动语态（ThePassiveVoice）。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语动作的承受者。
e.g.Weuseaknifeforcutting（主动句）.
Aknifeisusedforcutting（被动句）。
结构：
be+过去分词
考点1各种时态的被动语态结构
Ø一般现在时的被动语态
表示现在或经常发生的被动动作时，用一般现在时的被动语态。
结构：
am／is／are+过去分词
⏹—DidyouhearthatwaterinTaiLakesmeltterrible?
—Yes.Infact，it________.That'sallbecauseofthepeopleandthefactoriesaround
A.pollutedB.waspolluted
C.haspollutedD.waspollute
⏹Manytreesandflowers________inourschoollastyear，andtheymadeourschoolabeautifulgarden．
A.plantB.planted
C.haveplantedD.wereplanted
Ø一般过去时的被动语态
表示过去某个时候发生的被动动作，用一般过去时的被动语态。
结构:
was／were+过去分词
⏹Somefamouspaintings_______inthehallnextweek.
A.willshowB.wereshown
C.isshownD.willbeshown
⏹Atalkondevelopmentsinscienceandtechnology________intheschoolhallnextweek.
A.givenB.willbegiven
C.hasbeengivenD.gives
Ø一般将来时的被动语态
表示从现在看将来发生的被动动作，用一般将来时的被动语态。
结构:
will／shallbe+过去分词或am／is／aregoingtobe+过去分词
⏹China’ssportsstarsYaoMingandLiuXiang_____GoodwillAmbassadors（亲善大使）forShanghai.
A.hasbeennamedB.havebeennamed
C.hasnamedD.havenamed
⏹MyEnglishbook________.Ican’tlendittoyou.
A.hasbeenlostB.waslostC.haslostD.lost
Ø现在完成时的被动语态
表示在过去某个时候发生的被动动作一直延续到现在，且该动作的结果对现在造成影响，此时用现在完成时的被动语态。
结构：
have／hasbeen+过去分词
⏹Twelve-year-oldchildrenshouldnottodriveinChina.
A.allowB.beallow
C.allowedD.beallowed
⏹—Whatshouldwedofirstifwewanttodevelopourvillage？
—Alotofnewroads_____，Ithink.
A.havetobuildB.mustbuild
C.havebuiltD.mustbebuilt
Ø含有情态动词的被动结构
情态动词用于被动结构。
结构：
情态动词must/can/could/may/might/haveto+be+过去分词
⏹—Tomisalwayscarelesswithhisschoolwork.Couldyouhelphim?
—Noproblem!
Ithinkhe_______tothinktwicebeforestarting.
A.shouldbetoldB.cantell
C.shouldtellD.canbetelling
⏹—Iwanttoborrowthebook，butIdon’tknowhowlongitmay.
—Fortwoweeks.
A.borrowB.beborrowedC.keepD.bekept
考点2动词不定式的被动语态
主动形式
被动形式
asksb.todo
beaskedtodo
tellsb.todo
betoldtodo
invitesb.todo
beinvitedtodo
choosesb.todo
bechosentodo
encouragesb.todo
beencouragedtodo
allowsb.todo
beallowedtodo
⏹张老师总是鼓励我们尽可能多讲英语。
WeEnglishasoftenaspossiblebyMr.Zhang
⏹他们允许在这里吸烟吗?
_______they_______smokehere?
⏹PeopletosetofffirecrackersinsomeareasofShanghaiforseveralmonths.
A.aren’tallowedB.weren’tallowed
C.won’tbeallowedD.haven’tbeenallowed
⏹Don’tdiscusstheproblemswithyourpartnerunlessyou
todoso.
A.askB.willaskC.areaskedD.willbeasked
考点3省略“to”的不定式的被动语态
主动语态中省略“to”的不定式，在被动语态中要加上“to”。
如hear（听）；see、watch（看）；make、let（让）；Feel（感觉）；notice（注意）等，口诀：
一听,二看,三让,一感觉,一注意。
⏹Mary___thesongatthepartyyesterday.
A.heardsingB.washeardsinging
C.washeardtosingD.washeardsing
⏹ThestudentsinGrade9________theirhomeworkformorethanthreehourseveryweekend.
A.aremadetodoB.aremadetodo
C.weremadedoD.weremadetodo
考点4带双宾语的被动语态
注意：
带双宾语，物做主语，注意介词to还是for。
⏹Myfatherboughtmeabookyesterday.（改为被动语态）
Abookmeyesterday.
⏹爸爸给我做了个风筝。
Akite__________________bymyfather.
⏹Theresultsoftheexam_________thestudents’parentsinthreedays.
A.weretoldB.weretoldto
C.willbetoldD.willbetoldto
⏹Somenewpresents_________________mebymyfriendslastweek.
A.wereboughttoB.areboughtfor
C.wereboughtforD.boughtfor
考点5短语动词的被动
许多不及物动词加介词或副词后构成的短语动词相当于及物动词。
在变为被动语态的时候，不能把短语动词分开，也不能漏掉短语动词中的介词或副词。
如：
注意：
短语动词中的介词、副词容易漏掉，须注意
⏹这个生病的孩子必须好好地照顾，以便他不久能去上学。
Thesickchildmust__________sothathecangotoschoolsoon
⏹Mustoldpeople_____politely?
A.speakB.spokenC.bespokenD.bespokento
⏹Don’tworry.Allthechildren bythenurses.
A.arewelltakencareof
B.takegoodcareof
C.aretakengoodcareof
D.takegoodcare
⏹Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust__________________dirtythingsintoit.
A.bestoppedtothrowB.bestoppedfromthrowing
C.stoptothrowD.stopfromthrowing
考点6过去分词短语作定语
过去分词作定语时，放在所修饰的名词后，表示完成和被动的意义，作用相当于
⏹Heisreadinganovel（write）byLuXun.
⏹Someofthepeople（invite）tothepartycan’tcome.
考点7不用被动语态的情况
Ø不及物动词happen,takeplace（发生）,breakout（爆发）等没有被动语态。
Thewomanstilldoesn’tknowwhat
（happen）inherhometownwhileshewasaway.
⏹Greatchangesinmyhometowninthepast5years.
A.tookplaceB.wastakenplace
C.havetakenplaceD.havebeentakenplace
⏹Anaccident____________ontheroadlastnight.
A.hashappenedB.washappened
C.ishappenedD.happened
Ø某些感官动词和系动词如look,sound,taste,smell,feel后加形容词做表语，主动形式表被动意义。
⏹Thewater（feel）verycold.
⏹What’swrongwiththeorange?
Itterrible.
A.istastingB.istasted
C.tastesD.tasted
⏹Thewater__________coolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.
A.wasfeltB.isfeltC.feltD.feels
Ø某些表示主语质地、自身特征的动词，如write，wash，sell，read，clean，cook等，常和副词well或easily连用，用主动形式表被动意义。
这些动词在这种情况下，一般用作不及物动词。
⏹Iboughtapenyesterday.It（write）aswellasyours.
⏹We______（sell）outallthemachines,becausethey______（sell）wellthisyear.
⏹Thiskindofbookswell.Theyoutyesterday.
A.issold,soldB.sell,sold
C.issold,weresoldD.sells,weresold
Ø动词need，want以及短语be（well）worth等后常接动名词的主动形式，表示被动含义。
注意：
动词need，want后接动名词表被动，句子的主语为物时，后面的动名词相当于动词不定式的被动结构。
如：
Mycoatwantswashing.=Mycoatwantstobewashed.
⏹Mywatchdoesn’twork.Itneeds（repair）.
⏹这本书对我很有用，值得一读。
Thisbookismeandit.
⏹MyTVsetdoesn'twork.Itneeds___________.
A.torepairB.toberepairedC.toberepairingD.berepaired
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1．阅读短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
Amanseesabutterfly.Thebutterflytriestogetoutofitschrysalis（蛹）.Feelingsorryforit,themandecidestohelp.Hecutsthechrysalisandthebutterflycomesouteasily.Surprisinglyenough,thebutterflyisunabletofly.Ifthebutterflydoesn'tstruggle（奋斗）toleavethechrysalis,itcan'tfly!
Thestruggledevelopstheenergyinthebutterflywhichmakesitfly.Similarly,thechallengesoflifebringoutthebestinyoungpeopleandmakethemfly.
Whenpeopleareyoung,meetingandovercomingchallengeswillmakethemstrongandreadytofacelife.Whenwe1oюkatsuccessfulpeople,weseethatthemostsuccessfulofthemarepeoplewhohavehadtostruggle.Onefamousbusinessman,whonowownsmanybigsupermarkets,usedtocarryclothesonhisbackandsellthemfromdoortodoorwhenhewasyoung.AnothersuccessfulmanisDennis.Hisfatherdiedwhenhewasonlytwenty.Hisfather'sdeathforcedhimtomaturefast.Hehadtobringupafamilyofninepeople.Hetookupthechallengesandovercamethem.Todayhisbrothersandsistersareleadingsuccessfullives.
Sometimeschallengesdonotappeartousbecausewekeepawayfromthem.Sosomeparentsandteachersactivelyencourageyoungpeopletofacechallenges.Theymightorganizesomeactivitiesforyoungpeoplewhichprovidethemwithchallenges,likerock-climbing,camping,volunteerworkandsoon.However,justpassingexamswillnotprepareapersonforlife.Wemustmeetandovercomechallenges.Theyoungpeopleoftodaywillbecometheleadersoftomorrow.Forcountriestocontinuetobecomesuccessful,itisimportantthattheyoungpeoplelearntomeetchallengesandovercomethem.
（1）Fromthestoryweknowthatthebutterflycan'tflybecause________.
A. itgetsoutbyitself
B. themanfeelssorryforit
C. itdoesn'twanttochallengeitself
D. themanhelpsitcomeout
（2）Dennis'exampleshowsthatsuccesspeopleshould________.
A. overcomethedifficulties
B. takeupbusinessearly
C. becometheleadersoftomorrow
D. sellclothesfromdoortodoor
（3）WhichstatementisTRUE?
A. Youngpeopleshouldfacechallengesbecausetheyarestrong.
B. LosinghisfathermadeDennismatureinaslowway.
C. Rock-climbingandcampingcanshapethestrongwill.
D. Themostsuccessfulpeopledon'tneedtostruggle.
（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?
A. GodHelpsThoseWhoHelpThemselves
B. YoungPeopleMustDealWithDifficultiesAlone
C. NothingIsImpossibleToAWillingHeart
D. ChallengesofLifeBringOuttheBestinYoungPeople
【答案】
（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文通过蝴蝶破茧而出、一位成功的商人的经历讲述了勇敢面对生活中的苦难的重要性。
（1）细节题。
Hecutsthechrysalisandthebutterflycomesouteasily.他切割了蛹，蝴蝶很容易出来。
可知因为人帮助它出来的，导致了蝴蝶不能飞，故选D。
（2）推理题。
根据Hetookupthechallengesandovercamethem.他接受了挑战并战胜了他们可知，丹尼斯的例子表明成功的人应该克服困难，故选A。
（3）推理题。
根据Theymightorganizesomeactivitiesforyoungpeoplewhichprovidethemwithchallenges,likerock-climbing,camping他们可能会为年轻人组织一些给他们带来挑战的活动，比如攀岩、露营可知，攀岩和露营可以塑造坚强的意志是对的，故选C。
（4）主旨题。
根据本文通过蝴蝶破茧而出、一位成功的商人的经历讲述了勇敢面对生活中的苦难的重要性可知，ChallengesofLifeBringOuttheBestinYoungPeople生活的挑战让年轻人展现出最好的一面适合做标题，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
2．阅读理解
Acoupleofsparrows（麻雀）livedhappilyinahugetreeinajungle.Thefemalesparrowhadlaidhereggsandtheywereexpectingtheirbabiessoon.
Oneday,anelephantwasunabletotoleratetheheatofthesummersun.Hedestroyedalltrees,includingthetreewherethesparrowslived.
Thesparrowsmanagedtoescapebyflyingaway,buttheylosttheirbabies.Theeggsfelldowntothegroundandbrokeintopieces.Theycriedloudlyanddecidedtokilltheelephant.
Theyaskedtheirfriends,awoodpeckerandaflyforhelp.Theflytookthemtomeetoneofhisfriends,anoldfrog.Thefrogwaswiseandhecameupwithagoodplansoon.
Thefrogexplained,"Fly!
Yourtaskistobuzzintheel
升级会员 