高中英语阅读理解解题技巧及经典题型及练习题含答案及解析.docx

高中英语阅读理解解题技巧及经典题型及练习题含答案及解析.docx

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高中英语阅读理解解题技巧及经典题型及练习题含答案及解析

高中英语阅读理解解题技巧及经典题型及练习题（含答案）及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Nopoemshouldeverbediscussedor"analyzed",untilithasbeenreadaloudbysomeone,teacherorstudent.Betterstill,perhaps,isthepracticeofreadingittwice,onceatthebeginningofthediscussionandonceattheend,sothesoundofthepoemisthelastthingonehearsofit.

   Alldiscussionsofpoetryare,infact,preparationsforreadingitaloud,andthereadingofthepoemis,finally,themosttelling'interpretation'ofit,suggestingtone,rhythm,andmeaningallatonce.Hearingapoetreadtheworkinhisorherownvoice,onrecordsoronfilm,isobviouslyaspecialreward.Buteventhoseaidstoteachingcannotreplacethestudentandteacherreadingitor,bestofall,recitingit.

   Ihavecometothink,infact,thattimespentreadingapoemaloudismuchmoreimportantthan"analyzing"it,ifthereisn'ttimeforboth.IthinkoneofourgoalsasteachersofEnglishistohavestudentslovepoetry.Poetryis"acriticismoflife","aheighteningoflife,enjoymentwithothers".Itis"anapproachtothetruthoffeeling",andit"cansaveyourlife".Italsodeservesaplaceintheteachingoflanguageandliteraturemorecentralthanitpresentlyoccupies.

   IamnotsayingthateveryEnglishteachermustteachpoetry.Thosewhodon'tlikeitshouldnotbeforcedtoputthatdislikeonanyoneelse.Butthosewhodoteachpoetrymustkeepinmindafewthingsaboutitsessentialnature,aboutitssoundaswellasitssense,andtheymustmakeroomintheclassroomforhearingpoetryaswellasthinkingaboutit.

（1）Thepassageindicatesthatanalyzingapoemis      .

A. notessentialatall                                            

B. apreparationforappreciatingit

C. anapproachtounderstandingit                    D. optionalinclasssometimes

（2）Therecitationofapoembytheteacherorastudentintheclassroom      .

A. isthebestwaytounderstandit         B. easilyarousessomediscussionamongthestudents

C. helpstheteachertoanalyzeit           D. cannottaketheplaceofthepoetreadingit

（3）Whichofthefollowingstatementsmaytheauthoragreewith?

A. Themostimportantteachinggoalistohavestudentsreadandreciteeverypoemtheylearn.

B. Poetryisthefoundationofalllanguagesandliteraturecourses.

C. Theteachingofpoetryshouldhavebeenmuchmorestressed.

D. EveryEnglishteacherissupposedtoconveytheirloveofpoetrytotheirstudents.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）A

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者阐述了诗歌教学的重要性。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“Ihavecometothink,infact,thattimespentreadingapoemaloudismuchmoreimportantthan'analyzing'it,ifthereisn'ttimeforboth”可知,如果课堂上没有时间同时朗读和分析诗歌的话,把时间花在朗读上比花在分析上要值得多,因此“分析诗歌”是可选择的的。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“thereadingofthepoemis,finally,themosttelling'interpretation'ofit,suggestingtone,rhythm,andmeaningallatonce”告诉我们,朗读归根到底是对诗的最全面诠释；再根据“Buteventhoseaidstoteachingcannotreplacethestudentandteacherreadingitor,bestofall,recitingit”又告诉我们,即使是那些教学辅助手段也不能取代学生和老师朗读,更不能取代理解诗歌的最有效方法——背诵。

故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“It（指poetry）alsodeservesaplaceintheteachingoflanguageandliteraturemorecentralthanitpresentlyoccupies”告诉我们在语言和文学教学中,诗歌本应该获得比目前更加重要的位置,即诗歌教学本该得到更多的重视。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Theysaythatanappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.Well,thereisoneladywhobelievesthatit'sactuallychocolate.At102yearsofage,she'slivingproof.

   AccordingtoBoonville,Indiana'sEuniceModlin,adailydoseofchocolatehasbeenthekeytoalongandhealthylife.Specifically,twopiecesofdarkchocolate.It'snotjustEunicewhobelievesthis.

   Manyscientistshaveattributedthesweettohealthbenefitssuchaslowerchancesofcancer,cardiovasculardisease,anddiabetes.

   However,researchersbelievethatEunicemightbeoverlookingthefactthatshehasneversmokedordrunkalcoholinherlonglife,andthatchocolatemightnotbethesignificantcauseofherlongevity.

   "Therearesomanyotherfactorstoherlonglifeandchocolateisn'ttheonlyone,"nutritionistVanessaRissettosaid."Genes,herdietingeneral…areprobablythemainreasons."

   Atanyrate,Euniceisstillaliveandkicking.Withfourchildren,sevengrandkids,14great-grandkidsand11great-greatgrandkids,thisladyhasabigfamily.

   ItmustbenotedthatEunicewasalsoveryathletic,beinganarcherinher20s.Amazingly,shehaslivedthroughtoughtimessuchastheGreatDepressionandWorldWarII.Also,thehealthybloodrunsthroughtheveinsofotherfamilymembers.Eunice'sbrotherisalsostillalive,at101yearsofage.

   Nomatterwhatyoumightthink,Eunice'sconsumptionofchocolatecan'tbeignored.In2015,aBMJstudyshowedthatadailytreatofonesmallbarwouldgivetheconsumer23%lesschanceofhavingastroke（中风）.

   Whatisinthesweetthatmakesitsobeneficial?

Apparently,cocoabeanshaveflavonoids,plantnutrientsthathaveusefulantioxidants（抗氧化剂）.

   "Notallchocolateiscreatedequal,"Rissettowarns."Darkchocolatehasmoreflavonoidsthanmilkchocolate,andwhitechocolate—whichdoesnotactuallycontainchocolate—isnotagoodsourceofflavonoids."

（1）Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingleadtoEuniceModlin'slongandhealthylife?

a.twopiecesofdarkchocolate

b.genes

c.lifelongexercise

d.gooddiet

e.loveofherlargefamily

A. a,b,d                                 B. b,c,d                                 C. a,b,e                                 D. a,c,d

（2）Rissettothinksthat     .

A. chocolateisthemostimportantthingthataffectsEunice'shealth         

B. nosmokingordrinkingcontributesthemosttoEunice'slongevity

C. chocolatereallyhasnothingtodowithherlongandhealthylife         

D. Eunice'sgooddietdoesn'tonlymeantakingchocolateeveryday

（3）Whattheauthorpresentedinthepassagesounds     .

A. persuasive                          

B. objective                          

C. subjective                          

D. critical

（4）Fromthewholepassagewecanconcludethat______________.

A. there'suniversalproofforwhatcontributestoalonglife         

B. itisgenerallyacceptedthatchocolateisthekeytolongevity

C. manyfactorsmaycontributetopeople'sgoodhealth         

D. abitofanychocolateadaykeepsthedoctoraway

【答案】

（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国印第安纳女性EuniceModlin现在已经102岁的了，她认为自己长寿的秘密是每天吃巧克力，并分析了她长寿的原因以及巧克力对健康产生影响的原因。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第五段“‘Therearesomanyotherfactorstoherlonglifeandchocolateisn'ttheonlyone,’nutritionistVanessaRissettosaid.‘Genes,herdietingeneral…areprobablythemainreasons.’”可知研究人员认为EuniceModlin长寿的原因有很多，基因、饮食以及巧克力都起了作用。

故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段“‘Notallchocolateiscreatedequal,’Rissettowarns.‘Darkchocolatehasmoreflavonoidsthanmilkchocolate,andwhitechocolate—whichdoesnotactuallycontainchocolate—isnotagoodsourceofflavonoids.’”可知Rissetto认为只有黑巧克力才黄酮，而黄酮是抗氧化剂的很好的来源。

Eunice的饮食不仅仅意味着吃巧克力，而要吃黑巧克力。

故选D。

（3）考查态度观点。

本文是一篇说明文，美国印第安纳女性EuniceModlin现在已经102岁的了，她认为自己长寿的秘密是每天吃巧克力，并分析了她长寿的原因以及巧克力对健康的影响。

文章中作者只是客观陈述事实，并没有发表个人观点，所以作者持客观的态度。

故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第五段“‘Therearesomanyotherfactorstoherlonglifeandchocolateisn'ttheonlyone,’nutritionistVanessaRissettosaid.‘Genes,herdietingeneral…areprobablythemainreasons.’”可知研究人员认为EuniceModlin长寿的原因有很多，基因、饮食以及巧克力都起了作用。

同样人们的健康是受到不同因素的影响的，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和观点态度三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Emojimightnotbeyourfirstchoiceofcommunicationinadisaster,butresearchersfeeltheycouldmakeadifferenceduringemergencies,whereeverysecondcounts.Now,theEmoji-quakecampaignislobbyingforanearthquakeemojitobeaddedtotheUnicodeset—thestandardgroupoficonsavailableondigitaldevicesworldwide.Thecampaignaimstofindanearthquake-appropriatedesigntobesubmittedtoUnicode.

   "Approximatelyuptoonethirdoftheworld'spopulationareexposedtoearthquakes,"explainsUniversityofSouthamptonseismologist（地震学家）Dr.StephenHicks,afounderofthecampaign."Sowereallywanttobeabletocommunicatetoallofthoseregions,allofthosedifferentlanguages,andanemojiisanamazingwayofdoingthat."

   Unlikemanyotherweatherandclimaterelatedevents,wherelongerwarningtimesorvisiblesignsareavailable,earthquakesmoveincrediblyquicklyandaredifficult tomeasurewhiletheyarestilloccurring.PopulationsinareaslikeJapanandMexicoaredependentonearthquakeearlywarningtechnology,whichissuesanalertondigitaldevicesandbroadcastmedia."Youmayhavesecondstogetunderatableortoprotectyourself,"explainsDr.Hicks."Thatcanbelifesavinginmanycases.Naturallyyoudon'twanttoomuchwordinginthewarningmessage."

   Pictographs（象形文字）andothervisualslikeemojihaveatrackrecordofbeingfasterandeasiertounderstandthanwritteninformation.Dr.SaraMcBride,acommunicationsspecialist,whoisalsopartofthecampaign,toldBBCNews,"Emojicancrosstheboundariesofwrittenlanguages,helpingcommunicatevaluableinformationtopeoplewhomaystruggletoreadacertainlanguage."

   Thepotentialusefulnessofemojiinemergenciescouldextendwellbeyondearthquakes.Ateamofdesignersalsocameupwithemerji—anentiresetofemojidedicatedtoclimateandenvironmentalevents.

（1）Accordingtothepassage,whydidthecampaignchooseearthquakesastheirtarget?

A. Becauseearthquakesthreatenmanypeopleindifferentregions.         

B. Becauseearthquakesaretheeasiesttobeexpressedbyanemoji.

C. Becauseearthquakesarenotdifficul