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届上海市黄浦区高三三模英语试题
2019届上海市黄浦区高三三模英语
Ⅱ.Grammarandvocabulary
SectionA
Directions:
Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.
MayDayinIndia
EachMay1,workersinIndiajoinothersaroundtheworldtomarkMayDay,dependingonlocalcustoms.
It’squiteappropriatethatIndiacelebrateswithanofficialholidayinsomeofits29statesandsevenunionterritories.Afterall,thecountryhasan___1___(estimate)522millionworkers,morethantheentirepopulationoftheUnitedStates.
Here’saQ&AonMayDayingeneral:
Isn’tMayDayaboutdancingaroundapole?
Youarecorrect—dancingisinvolved.That’sbecause“MayDay”actuallydoesdoubleduty,celebratingtwodifferentthings.
MayDayoriginallystartedoutasacelebrationwithrootsinromantraditions.BytheMiddleAges,MayDayalso___2___(involve)themaypole,whichismadeofwoodandcoveredwithdecorations.Thoseareheldbydancers___3___circlearoundthepole.
That___4___betheMayDayyourememberfromyourchildhood,andthat’soneofthetwowaysMayDayiscelebrated.
Whatdoesthathavetodowithworkers?
ThisiswhereMayDay’sdoubledutycomesin.
InMay1886,USactivistsorganizedanationalstrike___5___(seek)aneight-hourworkday.InChicago’sHaymarketSquare,theprotestturnedviolentwitharound11to15deaths___6___policeandparticipants.
___7___(honor)theworkersintheHaymarketdisturbance,theInternationalSocialistConferencedeclaredMay1wouldbeadaylabeledforlabor,tobecalledInternationalWorkers’Day.Theholiday___8___(establish)atameetingin1889andeventuallyspreadtomanypartsoftheworld.
Andthat’s___9___maypoles,laborparadesandprotestsareallpartofMay1.
SowheredoesIndiafitinwithallofthis?
India’sfirstLaborDaywascelebratedin1923inMadras,nowcalledChennai.Overtime,theholidayspreadtootherpartsofthecountry.
AccordingtoH,organizationsandtradeunionsarrangeparadesand“childrenentercontests___10___theycanunderstandtheimportanceoffairnessforworkers.”
SectionB
Directions:
Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.
TheRiseoftheSmartCity
Theinformationrevolutionischangingthewaycitiesarerun-andthelivesofitsresidents.Citieshaveawaytogobeforetheycanbeconsideredgeniuses.Butthey’regettingsmartprettyfast.
Injustthepastfewyears,mayorsandotherofficialsincitiesacrossthecountryhavebeguntodrawon___11___-aboutincome,traffic,fires,illnesses,parkingticketsandmore-tohandlemanyoftheproblemsofurbanlife.Whetherit’smakingiteasierforresidentstofindparkingplaces,orgivingsmokealarmstothehouseholdsthataremostlikelytosufferfatalfires,big-datatechnologiesarebeginningto___12___thewaycitieswork.
Citieshavejust___13___thesurfaceinusingdatatoimproveoperations,butbigchangesarealreadyunderwayinleadingsmartcities,saysStephenGoldsmith,aprofessorofgovernmentanddirectoroftheInnovationsinGovernmentProgramattheHarvardKennedySchool.“Intermsofcitygovernance,weareatoneofthemost___14___periodsinthelastcentury,”hesays.
Althoughcitieshavebeenusingdatainvariousformsfordecades,themodernpracticeofcivicanalytics(民情分析)hasonlybeguntotakeoffinthepastfewyears,thankstoahostof___15___changes.Amongthem:
thegrowthofcloudcomputing,whichdramaticallylowersthecostsofstoringinformation;newdevelopmentsinmachinelearning,whichput___16___analyticaltoolsinthehandofcityofficials;theInternetandtheriseofinexpensivesensorsthatcantrackvastamountofinformationsuchastrafficorairpollution;andthewidespreaduseofsmartphoneappsandmobiledevicesthatenablecitizensandcityworkersaliketomonitorproblemsand___17___informationaboutthembacktocityhall.
Allthisdatacollectionraisesunderstandableprivacy___18___.Mostcitieshavepoliciesdesignedtosafeguardcitizenprivacyandpreventthereleaseofinformationthatmight___19___anyoneindividual.Intheory,anyway.Widespreaduseofsensorsandvideocanalsopresentprivacyrisksunless___20___aretaken.Thetechnology“isforcingcitiestofacequestionsofprivacythattheyhaven’thadtofacebefore,”saysBenGreen,afellowatHarvard’sBerkmanKleinCenterforInternetandSocietyandleadauthorofarecentreportonopen-dataprivacy.
Ⅲ.ReadingComprehension
SectionA
Directions:
ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.
Inthefoodindustry,itseems,therobotrevolutioniswellunderway,withmachinesmasteringskilledtasksthathavealwaysbeenperformedbypeople.
InBoston,robotshavedisplaced___21___andarecreatingcomplexbowlsoffoodforcustomers.InPrague,machinesare___22___waitersandserversusinganapp.InDenver,they’retakingorders.Robotsareevenmakingtheperfectloafofbreadthesedays,takingchargeofa(n)___23___thathasremainedinhumanhandsforthousandsofyears.
NowcomesBriggo,acompanythathascreatedafully___24___,roboticcoffeemachinethatcanpushout100cupsofcoffeeinasinglehour--equalingthe___25___ofthreetofourbaristas(咖啡师),accordingtothecompany.
UsingamixofLatinAmericanbeans,themachinecreates___26___cupsofcoffeethatcanbeorderedviaanapp,givingcustomerscontroloveringredients,flavoringsandtemperaturewithoutanyhumaninteraction.Thecompanysaysnootherbusinessintheworldhasappliedasmuch___27___to“specialtycoffee.”
Removingthe___28___elementfromorderingacupofcoffeeisoneofthecompany’sprimarysellingpoints.“Nomorelines,nomorecounterconfusion,nomoremisspellednames,”Briggo’swebsitesays.
KevinNater,Briggo’spresidentandchiefexecutive,saidthemachinewouldbestfitlocationsinwhich___29___ishighlyvalued,likeairportsandofficebuildings,whereseveralofthemachinescurrentlyoperate.
“Imagineyou’recomingintothesecuritylineattheairport,yourflightiscomingup,andyouknowthatifyouwantacoffeeyou’regoingtostandinalongline,”saidNater.“Fromthesecurityline,youcansimplyorderyourcupofcoffeeandpickitupatthecoffeehausandmakeittoyourflight____30____.”
“I’veneverfoundanyonewhowantstostandinlinealongtime,”headded.“We’vejustchangedthe____31____.”
ButOliveGeib,a24-year-oldbaristainAnnapolis,Md.,remained____32____.Ascoffeeisbeingmadebyabarista,hesaid,subtly(细微地)adjustingtheratioofwatertocoffeebeanasflavordevelopsthroughrefinedtastetests,isacrucialpartoftheprocess.“Allthenumbersanddataintheworldcan’tactuallytellyouhowthecoffee____33____,”Geibsaid.
Askedwhetherhewasworriedaboutlosinghisjobtoarobot,Gerbsaid,“absolutelynot.”Hesaidthere’sa____34____groupofpeoplewhowillalwaysseekouttheslower,interactiveexperiencesatcoffeeshops.
“Alotofcustomersreallyappreciatewatchingabaristacarefullypouringwaterorsteamingthemilk,”headded.“This____35____aspect,theatmosphereandtheinteractionwiththebarista,isabigpartoftheexperienceofdrinkingcoffee.”
21
A.waitressesB.baristasC.cooksD.machines
22.A.replacingB.recruitingC.restoringD.resisting
23.A.roomB.artC.schoolD.oven
24.A.typicalB.inaccessibleC.challengingD.automatic
25.A.qualityB.outputC.timeD.cost
26.A.sugar-freeB.fruit-flavoredC.customizedD.professional
27.A.inspirationB.technologyC.correctionD.strictness
28.A.safetyB.stressC.humanD.design
29.A.serviceB.preparationC.reliabilityD.convenience
30.A.ontimeB.forrealC.inadvanceD.withoutnotice
31.A.gameB.priceC.factD.myth
32.A.nervousB.sadC.annoyedD.doubtful
33.A.looksB.changesC.sellsD.tastes
34.A.distinguishedB.difficultC.loyalD.lazy
35.A.culturalB.socialC.skillfulD.mindful
SectionB
Directions:
Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.
A
WhenwesaythatresidentsintheChicagosuburbofNorthRiverside,Illinois,“wrotethebook”onhowtobegoodneighbors,wearenotexaggerating.TheresidentsofNorthRiversidereallydidwriteabookonneighborlinessthathashelpedmaketheirtownaremarkableplace.
NeighborsAll:
CreatingCommunityOneBlockataTimeisa65-pagemanualfilledwithfriendlysuggestionsandinspiringstories,alldesignedtobuild“familybonds”amongneighbors.Everyhouseholdgetsacopy,deliveredbyavolunteer“blockcaptain”taskedwithwelcomingnewarrivals,helpingseniors,makingsurekidsplaynice,andmore.It’sabigjob,butthe90captainsacrossthetownof6,700don’tdoitalone.Theyareorganizedbytheirowncaptain,CaroSaple,andtheneighborhoodServicesCommittee,whichappointsleadersofallages,includingateamofschool-age“angels”.
Ifallthisseemssomewhatbureaucratic(宫僚制度的),inpracticeNeighborsAllhasverymuchliveduptoitstitle.Onecaptaingottochattingwithaneldercouplewhorevealedthattheycouldn’taffordtoreplacetheirbrokenstove.Beforelong,theNeighborhoodServicesCommitteehad