Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.docx

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.docx

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Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage

⏹Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

⏹Electriccarsaredirty.Infact,notonlyaretheydirty,theymightevenbemoredirtythantheirgasoline-poweredcousins.

⏹PeopleinCalifornialovetotalkabout“zero-emissionsvehicles,”butpeopleinCaliforniaseemtobecluelessaboutwhereelectricitycomesfrom.Powerplantsmostallusefiretomakeit.Asidefromthefewfolkswhohavetheirroofscoveredwithsolarcells,wegetourelectricityfromgenerators.Generatorsarefueledbysomething—usuallycoal,oil,butalsobyheatgeneratedinnuclearpowerplants.Thereareafewwindfarmsandgeothermal（地热的）plantsaswell,butbyfarwegetelectricitymainlybyburningsomething.

⏹Inotherwords,those“zero-emissions”carsarelikelycoal-burningcars.It'sjustthecoalisburnedsomewhereelsesoitlooksclean.Itisnot.It’sasiftheCaliforniaGreensarecoveringtheireyes—“IfIcan’tseeit,it’snothappening.”Gasolineisanincrediblyefficientwaytopoweravehicle;agallonofgashasalotofenergyinit.Butwhenyoutakethatgas（oranotherfuel）andfirstuseittomakeelectricity,youwasteanicepartofthatenergy,mostlyintheformofwastedheat—atthegenerator,throughthetransmissionlines,etc.

⏹Agallonofgasmaypropelyourcar25miles.Buttheelectricityyougetfromthatgallonofgaswon‘tgetyounearlyasfar—soelectriccarsburnmorefuelthangas-poweredones.Ifourelectricitycamemostlyfromnukes（核能发电厂，核武器）,orgeothermal,orhydro（水电）,orsolar,orwind,thenanelectriccartrulywouldbeclean.Butforpolitical,technical,andeconomicreasons,wedon’tusemuchofthoseenergysources.

⏹Inaddition,electriccars’batterieswhicharepoisonousforalongtimewilleventuallyendupinalandfill.Andfinally,whencarsarethepolluters,thepollutionisspreadacrossalltheroads.Whenit’sapowerplant,though,allthejunkisinoneplace.Natureisverygoodatcleaningupwhenthingsarenottooconcentrated,butittakesalotlongerwhenallthegarbageisinonespot.

⏹1.Whatdoes“clueless”meaninparagraph2?

⏹A）TheCaliforniaGreensarecoveringtheireyes.

⏹B）PeopleinCalifornialovetotalkaboutzero-emissionsvehicles

⏹C）PeopleinCalifornialovetohavetheirroofscoveredwithsolarcells

⏹D）Peopletherehavenoideathatsofarelectricitymainlycomesfromburningcoal,oil,etc.

⏹2.Accordingtothepassage,whytheCaliforniaGreensholdtheidea“IfIcan’tseeit,it’snothappening.”?

⏹A）Theydonotknowthosecleancarsarelikelycoal-burningcars.

⏹B）Theydobelievethatthecoalisburnedsomewhereelsesoitlooksclean.

⏹C）Theytendtoholdthatelectricityisanicepartofenergy.

⏹D）Theytendtomaintainthatgasolineisagoodwaytorunavehicle.

⏹3.Theelectricitywegetfromagallonofgasmaymakeourcarrun__________.

⏹A）notlessthan25miles.

⏹B）morethan25miles.

⏹C）nolessthan25miles.

⏹D）notmorethan25miles.

⏹4.Comparedwithcarsusinggas,electriccars__________

⏹A）donotburnfuelandmoreenvironmental.

⏹B）aretoxicanditisdifficultfornaturetocleanitupwhentheirbatteriesareburiedinonespot.

⏹C）areverygoodatcleaningupwhenthingsarenottooconcentrated

⏹D）arepoisonousforalongtimeandwilleventuallyendupinalandfill.

⏹5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____.

⏹A）Beinggreenisgoodandshouldbeencouragedincommunications

⏹B）Electriccarsarenotcleaninthatwegetelectricitymainlybyburningsomething.

⏹C）Zero-emissionsvehiclesshouldbechosentoprotectourenvironment.

⏹D）Electriccarsarenowthedominantvehiclecomparedwithgasoline-poweredcousins.

⏹James’sfirstnovelsusedconventionalnarrativetechniques:

explicit（明确的）Characterization,actionwhichrelatedeventsindistinctlyphased（阶段的）sequences,settingsfirmlyoutlinedandspecificallydescribed.Butthismethodgraduallygavewaytoasubtler,moredeliberate（故意的；深思熟虑的；从容的），morediffusestyleofaccumulationofminutelydiscriminateddetailswhosetotalsignificancethereadercangrasponlybyconstantattentionandsensitiveinference.Hislaternovelsplaydownscenesofabruptandprominentaction,anddonotsomuchofferasuccessionofsharpshocksasslowpiecemeal（零碎的）additionsofperception.Thecurtainisnotsuddenlydrawnbackfromshrouded（覆盖的）thinds,butisslowlymovedaway.

⏹SuchatechnoqueissuitedtoJames’sessentialsubject,whichisnothumanactionitselfbutthestatesofmindwhichproduceandareproducedbyhumanactionsandinteractions.Jameswaslessinterestedinwhatcharactersdo,thaninthemoralandpsychologicalantecedents（前期）,realizations,andconsequenceswhichattendtheirdoings.

⏹Thisiswhyhemoreoftenspeaksof“cases”thanofactions.Hisstories,therefore,growmoreandmorelengthywhiletheactionstheyrelategrowsimplerandlessvisible;notbecausetheyarecrammedwithadventitious（不定的，外来的）andsecondaryevents,disgressiverelief,orsupernumerary（多余的，后备的）characters,asoverstuffefnovelsofactionare;butbecausehepresentinsuchexhaustivedetaileverynuance（细微差别）ofhissituation.Commonlytheinterestofanovelisinthevarietyandexcitementofvisibleactionsbuidinguptoaclimaticeventwhichwillsettletheoutwarddestiniesofcharacterswithstory----bookpromiseofpermanence.AJamesnovel,however,possessesitscharacteristicinterestincarringthereaderthrougharichanlysisofthementaladjustmentsofcharacterstotherealitiesoftheirpersonalsituationsastheyareslowlyrevealedtothemthroughexplrationandchancediscovery.

⏹1.Jameswasprimarilyinterestedin______.

⏹A.tellinganexcitingstory

⏹B.capturingasetting

⏹C.analyzingthementaladjustmentsofhischaracters

⏹D.describingthebehaviorofAmericansinEurope

⏹2.James’slaternovelsdifferfromhisearlierworksinthatthey_____.

⏹A.showspecificallydescribedsettings

⏹B.arefullofactions

⏹C.arelesslengthy

⏹D.analyzethestatesofmindofhischaracters

⏹3.James’laternovelsmaybecharacterizedas________.

⏹A.detectiveB.horror

⏹C.beingdullD.psychologicalnovels

Makinganinference

Inreading,onemustmakeaninferencesothathecanreachadecisionbasedonevidencehethinkstobetruebecausewriterssometimesdonothavetheirideasclearlystated.Theyexpectthereaderstodrawinferencesinordertogetaclearerunderstandingoftheideasimplied.Suggestedmeaningsometimesispartofthetotalmeaningofapassage.

Ifyoumissthesuggestedmeaning,youmaymissthemainpointofwhatthewriterissaying.

Ifonewomanasksanother,“Wheredidyougetthatdress?

”shemaybesuggestingthatthedressisespeciallyattractive.

Inferencesmaybedrawnbyanalyzingcharactersandtheiractions,andbydetermingthemoodofthespeaker.Afactcanusuallybefoundinthepassage,butaninferenceismoreofafeelingdrawnfromreasoning.

Directions:

Decideifthestatementaftereachparagraphisavalidinference.Ifitisvalid,writerT,ifitisnot,writerF.

1.TheywereallshockedwhenJonesconfessedtothetheft.

Noonehadquestionedhiscourage.____

2.Theletterofthealphabetwerenothingmoretoherthanmeaninglessshapes.

Shedidnotknowhowtothink._____

3.Nofragmentsofpotteryhavebeenunearthedbyarchaeologistsfromtheruinsofthiscity.

Apparentlytheinhabitantsdidnotknowhowtobuildhomes.______

4.WhenpeopleofearlyNewEnglandchosesleepinggarments,themainconsiderationwaswarmth.

Peopleatthattimehaddfferenttasteofbeauty.________

5.Everyeditorhastocopewithacertainnumberofwound-upvisitors.Ralphworkedwithhishaton.

Heworehishattogivevisitorstheimpressionthathewasabouttoleave._____

Passages

A.Isawbytheclockofthecityjailthatitwaspasteleven,soIdecidedtogotothenewspaperimmediatly.Outsidetheeditor’sdoorIstoppedtomakesuremypageswereintherightorder;Ismoothedthemoutcarefully,stuckthembackinmypocket,andknocked.IcouldhearmyheartthumpingasIwalkedin.

1）Thetellerofthisstoryhasjustleftthecityjail._____

2）Hehasbeencarryinghispapersinhispocket._____

3）Weknowthatthestorytellerisanewspaperwriterbyprofession.______

4）Wemightinferthatthestorytellerisgoingtoshowinghispaperstotheeditor.______

5）Themeetingisimportantforthestoryteller.______

B.Mrs.Bennetrangthebell,andMissElizabethwassummonedtothelibrary.

“Comehere,child,”criedherfatherassheappeared.“IunderstandthatMr.Collinshasmadeyouanofferofmarriage.Isittrue?

”Elizabethrepliedthatitwas.“Verywell---andthisofferofmarriageyouhaverefused?

”

“Ihave,sir.”

“Verywell,wenowcometothepoint.Yourmotherinsistsuponyouracceptingit.Isitnotso,Mrs.Bennet?

”

“Yes,orIwillneverseeheragain.”

“Anunhappychoiceisbeforeyou,Elizabeth.Fromthisdayyoumustbeastrangertooneofyourparents.YourmotherwillneverseeyouagainifyoudonotmarryMr.Collins,andIwillneverseeyouagainifyoudo.”

6）Mr.BennethadbeentalkingwithMrs.BennetimmediatelybeforeElizabethcamein._____

7）TheofferofmarriagefromMr.CollinswasasecretfromElizabeth’sparents.______

8）Mr.BennetapprovedofwhatElizabethhadsaidtoMr.Collins.______

9）Mrs.BennetwasafraidElithabethwouldleavehomeifshegotmarried.______

10）Mr.AndMrs.BennetwerebothstrongwiththeiropinionsaboutElizabeth’smarriage.____

Passage4

Directions:

Readtheparagraphscarefullytolookforthewriter’sattitude---feelingsorbelie