英语高考英语阅读理解科普环保练习题及答案.docx

英语高考英语阅读理解科普环保练习题及答案.docx

《英语高考英语阅读理解科普环保练习题及答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语高考英语阅读理解科普环保练习题及答案.docx（28页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

英语高考英语阅读理解科普环保练习题及答案

【英语】高考英语阅读理解（科普环保）练习题及答案

一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类

1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

   Tabletsarereallyusefuldevices,buttheirbigscreensalwaysmakethemasaburdentocarryaroundwithoutabag.Wouldn'titbegreatiftherewereaphonewiththepowersofatabletthatcouldbefoldedupandfitneatlyintothehand?

   Nowsomethinglikeatablet-shapedbutfoldablephoneisabouttobecomeavailable.InFebruary,SouthKoreanelectronicscompanySamsungandChina'sHuaweibothlaunchedfoldablephones,theGalaxyFoldandHuaweiMateXrespectively.Mobilephoneusehasenteredthe"foldablefuture",TheVergenoted.

   Thetechnologycouldchangeourlivesinsignificantways.Thesedevices,duetotheirbendablescreens,giveusthelargerscreenswewant.Meanwhile,theystillfiteasilyintothepocket.AsUSATodaynoted,they're"thecombinationofasmalltabletandsmartphone,allinasingledevice".

   Thetechnologycouldchangeotherdevices,too.Forexample,wecouldmakeTVsthatsticktowallslikeposters,orfoldupeasilytohideawayindrawers.Incrowdedmodemcities,theywillhelpustomaximizeavailablespace.

   Inakeynoteaddress,Samsung'sseniorvicepresidentofmobileproductmarketing,JustinDenison,calledthefoldablescreen"thefoundationforthesmartphoneoftomorrow"."It'sablankcanvas（画布）forustodosomethingbeautifultogether."hesaid.

   Soistherenothingtostandinthewayofthefoldablefuture?

AccordingtotechnewswebsiteAndroidAuthority,thenecessarydisplaysweredifficulttoproduce.In2012,nineoutofevery10OLED（二极管）screensproducedwereimperfect.Today,that10percentratehasbeenimprovedtobetween50and90percent.However,atpresentthesefoldabledevicesareexpensive.Forexample,thepriceofHuaweiMateXis17,500RMB.That'sapricethatfewpeoplewillbeabletoafford.

   Butifthefoldabledeviceisn'tgoingtochangetheworldovernight,thereisnodoubtthatitiscoming.PatrickMoorhead,anindustryanalysttoldTheVerge,"Fewaredebatingiffoldableorrollablemobiledisplaysarethefutureofsmartphones;theonlyquestioniswhenandbywhom."

（1）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A. Screendevicesonthemarket.                        

B. Foldableageisarriving.

C. Possiblepowersofatablet.                             

D. Foldablescreensareimperfect.

（2）WhatcanwelearnfromJustinDenison'swords?

A. Thefoldablescreenhasgreatpotential.

B. TheGalaxyFoldstillhasmanyproblems.

C. Theproductionoffoldablephoneswillsoonincrease.

D. Companiesneedtoworktogethertodevelopfoldablephone.

（3）Whatistheproblemwithfoldablephonesatthemoment?

A. Theyareeasytobreak.                                    

B. Theyareinconvenienttocarry.

C. Theyarenotasusefulasexpected.                

D. Theyareunaffordableformostfamilies.

（4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthefutureofthefoldablescreen?

A. Worried.                        

B. Cautious.                        

C. Positive.                        

D. Unconcerned.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“可折叠手机的时代即将到来。

”

（1）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的“Wouldn'titbegreatiftherewereaphonewiththepowersofatabletthatcouldbefoldedupandfitneatlyintothehand?

”如果有一款具有平板电脑功能的手机，可以折叠起来，整齐地放在手里，那不是很棒吗?

；以及第二段中的“Nowsomethinglikeatablet-shapedbutfoldablephoneisabouttobecomeavailable.”现在，类似于平板形状的可折叠手机即将问世。

可知本文主题是“可折叠手机的时代即将到来。

故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第五段中的“JustinDenison,calledthefoldablescreen‘thefoundationforthesmartphoneoftomorrow’.‘It'sablankcanvas（画布）forustodosomethingbeautifultogether.’”JustinDenison称可折叠屏幕是“未来智能手机的基础”。

“这是一块空白的画布，我们可以一起做一些美好的事情。

”“可知，我们能从贾斯汀·丹尼森的话中了解到“可折叠屏幕”具有很大的潜力。

”故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的“However,atpresentthesefoldabledevicesareexpensive.Forexample,thepriceofHuaweiMateXis17,500RMB.That'sapricethatfewpeoplewillbeabletoafford.”然而，目前这些可折叠设备价格昂贵。

例如华为MateX的价格是17500元人民币。

这是一个很少有人能负担得起的价格。

可知，目前可折叠手机大多数家庭都买不起。

故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Butifthefoldabledeviceisn'tgoingtochangetheworldovernight,thereisnodoubtthatitiscoming.”但如果这种可折叠设备不能在一夜之间改变世界，那么毫无疑问，它将会到来。

可知，作者对可折叠屏幕的未来持的态度是积极的。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

   AfteramorninghikeintheSaneumHealingForest,46-year-oldfirefighterKangByoung-wookhasteamadefromthebarkofanelmtree,practicesyoga（瑜伽）,andmakesapicturewithdriedflowers.Heisoneof40firefighterstakingpartinathree-dayprogram,theaimofwhichistooffer"foresthealing"（森林治愈）;thefirefightersallhaveposttraumaticstressdisorder（创伤后应激障碍）.

   SaneumisoneofthreeofficialhealingforestsinSouthKorea.Soontherewillbe34more.SouthKoreans-manyofwhomsufferfromworkstress,digitaladdiction,andgreatacademicpressurehaveacceptedthemedicalizationofnaturewithgreatenthusiasm.

   Thereisincreasingevidencethatbeingoutsideinapleasantnaturalenvironmentisgoodforus.Buthowmanyofusgettoenjoynatureregularly?

Fewerandfewer,itseems.AccordingtoLisaNisbet,apsychologyprofessoratCanadasTrentUniversity,evidenceforthebenefitsofnatureispouringinatatimewhenwearemostdisconnectedfromit.

   "Wedon'tthinkofbeingoutdoorsasawaytoincreasehappiness,"saysNisbet."Wethinkotherthingswill,likeshoppingorTV."ButSouthKoreaisstartingtochallengethisopinion.

   SowhataresomeofthebenefitsofnaturethatNisbetrefersto?

Beingsurroundedbynaturehasoneobviouseffect:

Itcalmsusandreducesourstresslevels.Thishasbeenshowntolowerbloodpressureandheartrates.

   AnotherexperimentconductedbypsychologistStephenKaplanfoundthatpeoplewhotooka50-minutewalkinaparkhadbetterattentionandshort-termmemorythanthosewhotookawalkalongacitystreet.

   Perhapswhat'smoresurprisingisthatnaturemayalsomakeusmorecreative.DavidStrayer,apsychologistattheUniversityofUtah,showedasmuchwithagroupofparticipants,whoperformed50percentbetteroncreativeproblem-solvingtasksafterthreedaysofwildernessbackpacking.

   Infact,wemayneverknowexactlywhatnaturedoestothebrain.Somethingmysteriouswillalwaysremain,andmaybethat'sasitshouldbe.

（1）WhatisKangByoung-wookdoing?

A.Gettinglostinnature.

B.Buildinguphisstrength.

C.Tryingtocontrolaforestfire.

D.Helpingfirefightersunderstress.

（2）WhatdoesLisaNisbetthinkofbeingoutdoors?

A.Itisoverlookedbypeople.

B.Ithasnothingtodowithhappiness.

C.SouthKoreansshowgreatinterestinit.

D.Weneedmoreevidenceforitsbenefits.

（3）WhatbenefitofnaturedidStephenKaplanfind?

A.Itaffectspeople'sfeelings.

B.Itlowerstherisksofdiseases.

C.Ithelpsimprovementalperformance.

D.Itdoesmoregoodthanphysicalexercise.

（4）Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Yourlifeinforests

B.Yourbrainonnature

C.Thefutureofforesthealing

D.Thebenefitsofastress-freelife

【答案】

（1）A

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，由韩国患创伤后应激障碍的消防员接受森林治愈谈起，介绍了大自然对我们身心健康的益处。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“KangByoung-wookhasteamadefromthebarkofanelmtree,practicesyoga（瑜伽）,andmakesapicturewithdriedflowers.”可知，KangByoung-wook正在接受森林治愈：

品茶、做瑜伽、做手工。

他完全沉浸在大自然之中。

故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“Buthowmanyofusgettoenjoynatureregularly?

Fewerandfewer和evidenceforthebenefitsofnatureispouringinatatimewhenwearemostdisconnectedfromit”以及第四段中LisaNisbet所说的话可知，他认为现代人忽视了大自然的重要性，户外活动少了。

故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第三段中的“hadbetterattentionandshort-termmemory”可知，StephenKaplan的研究发现亲近大自然可以提高注意力和短期记忆力，也就是说提高了大脑的工作效率。

故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

本文主要介绍了森林治愈和大自然对于人类健康尤其是大脑工作效率和减缓压力方面的益处，故B项作标题最符合文章的主旨。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．犇犇阅读理解

   Asingledose（剂量）ofanexperimentalvaccine（疫苗）canprotectmiceagainsttheZika（寨卡）virus,raisingrenewedhopeofavaccineforhumans,sayscientists.TheUSteamsaytheresults,publishedinNature,are"striking"andshouldencourageresearchefforts.

   Testsinhumanscouldbegininmonths.Butevenifthesegowell,alicensedvaccineforwidespreadusetoprotectthoseatmostrisksuchaspregnantwomenwouldstillbeyearsaway,expertsadvise.ZikahasbeenspreadingacrossCentralandSouthAmericaand,mostrecently,Africa.Morethan60countriesandterritoriesnowhavecontinuingtransmission（传播）ofthedisease,whichiscarriedbymosquitoes.Theviruscausesseriousbirthdamagesduringpregnancyandhasbeendeclaredaglobalpublichealthemergency.

   Now,developingavaccineforpregnantwomentoprotecttheirunbornbabiesisaninternationalresearchpriority（优先事项）.USscientistsfromtheWalterReedArmyInstituteofResearch,theBethIsraelDeaconessMedicalCenterandHarvardMedicalSchooltestedtwotypesofZikavaccineinmice–onebasedonbitsofgenetic（基因的）codefromthevirusandanotherthatisaninactive（andthereforeharmless）copyofZika.Bothworkedwell,protectingeverymousethatwasimmunisedagainstthevirus.Incomparison,allofthemicenotgiventhevaccinecaughtZikaaftertheywereexposedtoit.

   Researcherssaytheywillpushaheadwithdevelopingtheneededvirusvaccine.Therearemanyexistingvaccinesforotherdiseasethatusethistypeoftechnology,whiletherearerelativelyfewDNAbasedvaccines.Ofcourse,futuretestswillneedtocheckthevaccineissafeandeffectiveinhumans,aswellashowlongtheimmunitymightlast.

（1）Ifthetestsinhumansgosmoothly,     .

A. avaccineforuseinthelaboratorywillbestillbeyearsaway.

B. pregnan