旧prep1解释题目.docx

旧prep1解释题目.docx

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旧prep1解释题目

4.（24323-!

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Apopularbeachhaslonghadadolphinfeedingprograminwhichfisharegiventodolphinsseveraltimesaday;manydolphinsgetasmuchashalfoftheirfoodeachdaythere.Althoughdolphinsthatfirstbenefitfromtheprogramasadultsarehealthyandlong-lived,theiroffspringhavealowerlifeexpectancythanoffspringofdolphinsthatfeedexclusivelyinthewild.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mosthelpstoexplainthelowerlifeexpectancyofoffspringofdolphinsfeedingatthebeachcomparedtootheryoungdolphins?

（A）Sharksthatpreyondolphinsarelesscommonintheopenseasoffthebeachthaninmanyotherareasoftheopenseaswheredolphinscongregate.

（B）Manyoftheadultdolphinsthatfeedatthebeacharefemalesthatnursetheiroffspringthere.

（C）Thefishgiventothedolphinsatthebeacharethesametypesoffishthatdolphinstypicallycatchinthewild.

（D）Manydolphinsthatfeedatthebeachwiththeiroffspringcometothebeachonlyafewtimesamonth.

（E）Adultdolphinsthatfeedatthebeachspendmuchlesstimeteachingtheiroffspringhowtocatchfishinthewildthandootheradultdolphins.

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FindingofasurveyofSystemsmagazinesubscribers:

Thirtypercentofallmerchandiseordersplacedbysubscribersinresponsetoadvertisementsinthemagazinelastyearwereplacedbysubscribersunderagethirty-five.

FindingofasurveyofadvertisersinSystemsmagazine:

MostofthemerchandiseordersplacedinresponsetoadvertisementsinSystemslastyearwereplacedbypeopleunderagethirty-five.

Forbothofthefindingstobeaccurate,whichofthefollowingmustbetrue?

（A）MoresubscriberstoSystemswhohaveneverorderedmerchandiseinresponsetoadvertisementsinthemagazineareagethirty-fiveoroverthanareunderagethirty-five.

（B）AmongsubscriberstoSystems,theproportionwhoareunderagethirty-fivewasconsiderablylowerlastyearthanitisnow.

（C）MostmerchandiseordersplacedinresponsetoadvertisementsinSystemslastyearwereplacedbySystemssubscribersoveragethirty-five.

（D）Lastyear,theaveragedollaramountofmerchandiseordersplacedwaslessforsubscribersunderagethirty-fivethanforthoseagethirty-fiveorover.

（E）LastyearmanypeoplewhoplacedordersformerchandiseinresponsetoadvertisementsinSystemswerenotsubscriberstothemagazine.

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Manysmallroadsdonothavepaintedmarkingsalongtheiredges.Clearedgemarkingswouldmakeiteasierfordriverstoseeupcomingcurvesandtojudgethecar'spositionontheroad,particularlywhenvisibilityispoor,andwouldthereforeseemtobeausefulcontributiontoroadsafety.However,afterGreatwaterCountypaintededgemarkingsonallitsnarrow,windingroads,theannualaccidentratealongthoseroadsactuallyincreasedslightly.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mosthelpstoexplaintheincreaseinaccidentrate?

（A）GreatwaterCountyhasanunusuallyhighproportionofnarrow,windingroads.

（B）Inbadweatheritcanbenearlyasdifficultfordriverstoseetheroadasitisatnight.

（C）Priortothepaintingoftheedgemarkings,GreatwaterCounty'snarrow,windingroadsalreadyhadasomewhathigheraccidentratethanotherGreatwaterCountyroads.

（D）Manyoftheaccidentsonnarrow,windingroadsinvolveasinglevehicleveeringofftheroad,ratherthanthecollisionoftwovehicles.

（E）Afterthemarkingswerepaintedontheroads,manydriverswhohadgoneoutoftheirwaytoavoiddrivingonthoseroadsatnightnolongerdidso.

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From1978to1988,beveragecontainersaccountedforasteadilydecreasingpercentageofthetotalweightofhouseholdgarbageintheUnitedStates.Theincreasinglywidespreadpracticeofrecyclingaluminumandglasswasresponsibleformostofthisdecline.However,althoughaluminumrecyclingwasmorewidelypracticedinthisperiodthanglassrecycling,itwasfoundthattheweightofglassbottlesinhouseholdgarbagedeclinedbyagreaterpercentagethantheweightofaluminumcans.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrueoftheUnitedStatesintheperiod1978to1988,mosthelpstoaccountforthefinding?

（A）Glassbottlesaresignificantlyheavierthanaluminumcansofcomparablesize.

（B）Recycledaluminumcanswerealmostallbeveragecontainers,butasignificantfractionoftherecycledglassbottleshadcontainedproductsotherthanbeverages.

（C）Manufacturersreplacedmanyglassbottles,butfewaluminumcans,withplasticcontainers.

（D）Thetotalweightofglassbottlespurchasedbyhouseholdsincreasedataslightlyfasterratethanthetotalweightofaluminumcans.

（E）Inmanyareas,glassbottleshadtobesortedbycoloroftheglassbeforebeingrecycled,whereasaluminumcansrequirednosorting.

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ThepopulationofMegacity,asprawlingmetropolisinRemsland,hasgrownatafairlysteadyrateforoveracentury.Ahundredyearsago,poorsanitationinthecitycausedhighmortalityratesamongthecity'sinhabitants,andwhatfueledthepopulationincreasewasimmigrationfromruralvillages.Thisimmigrationhascontinuedandevenincreased.Moreover,inrecentdecades,citysanitationhasimprovedenormously.Yetthecity'spopulationgrowthhasnotsignificantlyaccelerated.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mosthelpstoexplainwhythecity'spopulationgrowthratehasnotchanged?

（A）MortalityratesthatwereassociatedwithpoorsanitationinMegacityahundredyearsagowereordersofmagnitudehigherthanaremortalityratesassociatedwithvehiculartraffic,whichiscurrentlyamajorcauseofdeathinthecity.

（B）Forseveraldecades,Megacity,asdistinctfromthecountryside,hashadasteadilydecliningbirthrate.

（C）CitiessmallerthanMegacityhavealsoexperiencedsustainedpopulationgrowth.

（D）ThegreatmajorityofimmigrantstoRemslandsettleinMegacity,atleastinitially.

（E）Megacityhaslongofferedbetteremploymentprospectsthanmostruralareas.

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Forseveralyears,percapitaexpenditureonprescriptiondrugsinVoroniarosebyfifteenpercentormoreannually.Inordertocurbthesedramaticincreases,theministryofhealthprohibiteddrugmanufacturersfromraisinganyoftheirproducts'prices.Eventhoughuseofprescriptiondrugsdidnotexpandafterthispricefreeze,percapitaexpenditureforprescriptiondrugscontinuedtoincreasebyasubstantialpercentageeachyear.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mosthelpstoexplainwhytheministry'sactiondidnotachieveitsgoal?

（A）Afterpriceincreaseswereprohibited,drugmanufacturersconcentratedonproducingnewmedicationstoreplaceexistingproducts.

（B）ThepopulationofVoroniarosesteadilythroughouttheperiod.

（C）Improvementsinmanufacturingprocessesenableddrugmanufacturerstomaintainhighprofitlevelsondrugsdespitethepricefreeze.

（D）Inadditiontoimposingapricefreeze,thegovernmentencourageddoctorstoprescribegenericversionsofcommondrugsinsteadofthemoreexpensivebrand-nameversions.

（E）Afterpriceincreaseswereprohibited,someforeignmanufacturersofexpensivedrugsceasedmarketingtheminVoronia.

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Afteritscustomerscomplainedaboutbeingpressuredtobuyunneededinsurance,aninsuranceagencystoppedrewardingitsagentsforhighsalesvolumeandinsteadgavethembonusesforhighlevelsofcustomersatisfaction.Underthisnewplan,bothcustomersatisfactionandtheinsuranceagency'ssalesincreased.

Eachofthefollowing,iftrue,helpstoexplainhowthechangeinincentivesforagentscouldhaveresultedinincreasedsalesEXCEPT:

（A）Customersweresopleasedthattheinsuranceagencyhadrespondedtotheircomplaintsthattheyrecommendedtheagencytotheirfriends.

（B）Agentslistenedmorecloselytocustomersoflongstandingandwereabletosellthemadditionalinsurancepoliciesthatmetnewneeds.

（C）Agentsmorefrequentlypostponedcompletingtheattendantpaperworkevenafterthetermsforaninsurancepolicyweresettledtothesatisfactionoftheclient.

（D）Dissatisfiedcustomersofotheragencies,attractedbythereportsofthechangeinagencypolicy,becamecustomersoftheagency.

（E）Havingcometotrusttheincreasedjudiciousnessoftheagents'recommendations,customersapproachedtheagencytodiscussandultimatelytobuymoresupplementaryinsurancethantheypreviouslyhadboughtunderpressure.

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InthetwoyearsfollowingtheunificationofGermanyin1989,thenumberofcarsownedbyresidentsofEastGermanyandthetotaldistancetraveledbycarsinEastGermanybothincreasedbyabout40percent.Inthosetwoyears,however,thenumberofEastGermanresidentskilledeachyearascaroccupantsintrafficaccidentsincreasedbyabout300percent.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mosthelpstoexplainthedisproportionateincreaseintrafficfatalities?

（A）Theaveragenumberofpassengerspercarwashigherintheyearsbeforeunificationthanitwasinthetwoyearsafter.

（B）Afterunification,manypeoplewhohadbeenlivinginEastGermanyrelocatedtoWestGermany.

（C）Afterunification,asmallerproportionofthecarsbeingpurchasedbyEastGermanresidentswereusedvehicles.

（D）Driverswhohaddrivenlittleornotatallbefore1989accountedformuchoftheincreaseinthetotaldistancetraveledbycars.

（E）Overthesametwo-yearperiodinEastGermany,otherroadusers,suchasmotorcyclists,bicyclists,andpedestrians,experiencedonlysmallincreasesintrafficfatalities.

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