届福建省福州市高三下学期高考适应性测试线上英语Word版含答案.docx
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届福建省福州市高三下学期高考适应性测试线上英语Word版含答案
福州市2020届福州市高三毕业班适应性练习卷
英语试题
（本试题卷共12页。
全卷满分150分。
考试用时120分钟。
）
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第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
HowItFeelstoFloat
byHelaiaFox
Ifyou'relookingforamovingstorythatexploresthemesofmentalillness,grief（悲痛）,andlove,pickupacopyofHowItFeelstoFloatandfollowBizasshecomesofage.Thismovingnovelwillstaywithyoulongafteryoufinishreadingit.
TwoCanKeepaSecret
byKarenM.MeManus
Putonyourcrime-solvingcapandgetsweptawayinthisthrilleraboutagirl,aboy,andastringofunsolvedmurders.Asthreatsandcluespileup,you’llbeburningthemidnightoiltryingtofinishthebookbeforedawn.
ForestofaThousandLanterns
byJulieC.Dao
ThefirstbookintheRiseoftheEmpressseriestakesthebonesofatraditionalfairytale—apoorgirlfatedforpower,anevilqueendeterminedtostopher,loveforsomeonewhodoesn'tlovebackandmagic—and
givesthemarichlyimaginedEastAsiansetting.
Dune
byFrankHerbert
IftheStarWarsmovieshavemadeyoufallinlovewiththespaceopera,eventuallyyou'regoingtoreadFrankHerbert'smostfamouscreation.Thestoryofcenturies-oldpoliticalplotting—aboutwarringfactions
（派系）battlingovercontroloftheextremelyvaluableplanetArrakis—isaclassicandremainsawonderfulintroductiontothelarger,morecomplexworldofsciencefictionjustbeyondtheStarWarstrilogies.
21.WhatisHowItFeelstoFloatmainlyabout?
A.Themurderofateenagegirl.
B.Agirl'sspaceadventures.
C.Challengesofgrowingup.
D.Apoorgirlwithspecialpowers.
22.WhatkindofbookisTwoCanKeepaSecret?
A.Afairytale.B.Ascience-fictionstory.
C.Alovestory.D.Adetectivestory.
23.Whichbookisaboutbattlingforcontrolofanotherplanet?
A.HowItFeelstoFloatB.TwoCanKeepaSecret
C.ForestofathousandLanternsD.Dune
B
Asakid,JoannaBuckleywasn’tinterestedinscience—untilshehadachancetotryit.ThathappenedwhenshegotachemistrysetforChristmas.
“Overthecourseofafewweeks,I’dcompletedeveryexperiment.Butintheprocess,Ipollutedmyparent’sdiningroomcarpetandburntthekitchenworktopwiththespiritburner,”shesays.
NowscienceisBuckley’sjob.SheworksinthechemistrydepartmentattheUniversityofSheffieldinEngland.“Irealize,first-hand,howimportantitistohavesomethingorsomeonetoshowyouwhyscienceissogreat,”shesays.Nowthegoodnewsisthatcitizenscienceappears.
CitizensciencetakesthefunofexperimentingastepfurtherthanBuckley’sat-homechemistrykit.That’sbecausetheseexperimentsarereal,lookingfornovelanswers.
“Comparedwithaone-offexperiment,what’scoolaboutcitizenscienceisthatstudentsgetthatthishasapurpose,”saysPrunuske，whoteachesmicrobiologyandimmunologyatamedicalcollege.“Studentswanttodoagoodjob,becausetheyknowscientistsaregoingtousethenewdataintheirownresearch.”
JenniferLong’sjobistocoordinate（协调）educationandoutreach.SheagreeswithPrunuske.“Kidslikethatit’sreal.Andtheylikethatit’simportant,thatitmatters.”Citizen-scienceprojectshavemadebigdiscoveries.Onefoundapreviouslyunknowngalaxycluster（星系团）.AnotherprojecthelpedassesshowmuchdamageabigearthquakehadcausedinJapan.Andoneofthefirstcitizen-scienceprojectshelpedscientistslearnwhereMonarchbutterfliesgoeverywinter.
Someadultsworryaboutteenslosinginterestinscience.That’sonereasontheyhopethatfun,excitingcitizen-scienceprojectscanhelpthemkeepengaged,Longsays.Andshehassomeevidencethatit’sworking,“Lastyear,wedidhaveacoupleofstudentssay,‘IreallythinkIwanttobeascientistnow.”
24.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph2?
A.Tosupporttrialscanmaketeensinterestedinscience.
B.Toprovefailureisthemotherofsuccessinscience.
C.TostateBuckleyhasatalentforscience.
D.TopraiseBuckleyforherstrongwill.
25.Whyiscitizensciencemorefun?
A.Itneedstoseekfornewsolutions.
B.Itcarriesoutexperimentsfrequently.
C.Itmustcarryoutexperimentsingroups.
D.Itdemandstohandlecomplexproblems.
26.WhatcanweknowfromwhatPrunuskesaid?
A.Sheparticipatedintheexperiment.
B.Shetookprideinwhatstudentstookup.
C.Citizenscienceispopularwithstudents.
D.Scientistsarewillingtoemploystudents.
27.WhatisLong’sattitudetowardscitizenscience?
A.Concerned.B.Supportive.C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.
C
YourcircleoffriendsmayhelpyougetabetterreadingonyouroverallhealthandwellnessratherthanjustusingwearabledevicessuchasaFitbit,accordingtoresearchers.
Thestudy,publishedinthejournalPLOSONE,analyzedwhatthestructureofsocialnetworkssaysaboutthestateofhealth,happinessandstress.
"Wewereinterestedinthetopololgy（拓扑学）ofthesocialnetwork—whatdoesmypositionwithinmysocialnetworkpredictaboutmyhealthandwell-beingsaidNiteshV.Chawla,aprofessorattheUniversityofNotreDameintheUS.
“Whatwefoundwasthesocialnetworkstructureprovidesasignificantimprovementinpredictabilityofwellnessstatesofanindividualoverjustusingthedataobtainedfromwearables,likethenumberofstepsorheart
rate,”Chawlasaid.
Forthestudy,participantsworeaFitbittocapturehealthbehaviordataaboutwalking,sleeping,heartrateandoverallactivitylevel.Theyalsocompletedsurveysandself-assessmentsoftheirstress,happinessand
positivity.
Cbawlaandhisteamthenanalyzedthedatawithamachinelearningmodel,alongsidetheconnectionsandcharacteristicsofanindividual'ssocialnetwork.
Thestudyshowedastrongcorrelation（相关性）betweensocialnetworkstructures,heartrate,numberofstepsandlevelofactivity.
Socialnetworkstructureprovidedsignificantimprovementinpredictingone'shealthandwell-beingcomparedtojustlookingathealthbehaviordatafromtheFitbitalone.
Forexample,whensocialnetworkstructureiscombinedwiththedatafromwearables,themachinelearningmodelachieveda65percentimprovementinpredictinghappiness.
Themodelalsoachieveda54percentimprovementinpredictingone'sself-assessedhealthprediction,a55percentimprovementinpredictingpositiveattitudeanda38percentimprovementinpredictingsuccess.
Thisstudyasserts（断言）thatwithoutsocialnetworkinformation,weonlyhaveanincompleteviewofanindividual'swellnessstate,andtobefullypredictiveortobeabletoobtaininterventions（干扰）.Itiscriticaltobeawareofthesocialnetwork,Chawlasaid.
28.Whatdidthestudyfind?
A.Howpeoplechoosetheirfriendcircles.
B.Whatfactorsdecideyourfriendcircles.
C.Howyourcircleoffriendsinfluencesyou
D.Whatyourcircleoffriendssaysaboutyourhealth.
29.Howdidtheresearchersdrawtheirconclusions?
A.Bycomparingdata.B.Bygivingexamples.
C.ByanalyzingcauseandeffectD.Bydescribingpersonalexperiences.
30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“critical”meaninthelastparagraph?
A.Easy.B.Common.C.Important.D.Challenging.
31.WhatdoChawla'swordsinthelastparagraphtellus?
AHowfitnessdevicescanconnectyourcircleoffriends
B.Thataperson'ssocialnetworkispartofhishealthpicture.
C.Thebestwaystomakefriendsandkeepahealthysocialcircle
D.Thatwearabledevicesarenotusefulforunderstandingsomeone'shealth.
D
Whilemanyofusmayhavebeenawaysomewherenicelastsummer,fewwouldsaythatwe’ve“summered.”“Summer”isclearlyanoun,moreprecisely,averbednoun.
Waybackinourchildhood,wealllearnedthedifferencebetweenanounandaverb.Withsuchatidydefinition,itwaseasytospotthedifference.Notsoinadulthood,whereweareexpectedto“foot”bills,“chair”committees,and“dialogue”withpoliticalopponents.Chancesareyoudidn’tfeeluncomfortableaboutthesightofthoseverbednouns.
“TheverbingofnounsisasoldastheEnglishlanguage,”saysPatriciaO’Conner,aformereditoratTheNewYorkTimesBookReview.Expertsestimatethat20percentofallEnglishverbswereoriginallynouns.Andthephenomenonseemstobesnowballing.Since1900,about40percentofallnewverbshavecomefromnouns.
Eventhoughconversion（转化）isquiteuniversal,plentyofgrammariansobjecttothepractice.WilliamStrunkJr.andE.B.White,inTheElementsofStyle—theBiblefortheuseofAmericanEnglish—havethistosay:
“Manynounslatelyhavebeenpressedintoserviceasverbs.Notallarebad,butallaresuspect.”TheChicagoManualofStyletakesasimilarstandpoint,advisingwriterstouseverbswithgreatcare.
“Sometimespeopleobjecttoanewverbbecausetheyresistwhatisunfamiliartothem,”saysO’Conner.That’swhywe’recomfortable“hosting”aparty,butwemightfeelupsetbythethoughtof“medaling”insports.Soarethereanyrulesforverbing?
BenjaminDreyer,copychiefatRandomHouse,doesn’tofferarule,butsuggeststhatpeoplethinktwiceabout“verbifying”anounifit’seasilyreplaceablebyanalreadyexistingpopularverb.Makesureit’sdescriptivebutnotsilly-sounding,hesays.
Intheend,however,styleissubjective.EasyconversionofnounstoverbshasbeenpartofEnglishgrammarforcenturies;itisoneoftheprocess
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