高中英语 Unit4 Astronomy Grammar 新人教必修3.docx
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高中英语Unit4AstronomyGrammar新人教必修3
2019-2020年高中英语Unit4AstronomyGrammar新人教必修3
课前预习
一.语法知识：
主语从句：
做主语用的名词性从句，因其在复合句中做主语，又称主语从句，引导主语从句的有从属连词that,whether，连接代词who,what,which，连接副词when,where,how,why等。
1..连接词：
1）从属连词：
that，whether等.
that引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。
Thatshelefthimcuthimtotheheart.
Thathewilleiscertain
由whether及其他连词引导的主语从句放在句首，句后都可。
Whetheritwillpleasethemisnoteasytosay.
Whethershe’singornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.
2）连接代词who，what，which,whatever,whichever,whoever
Whatseemseasytosomepeopleseemsdifficulttoothers.
Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.
3）连接副词when，where，how，why等。
Whyhediditremainsamystery.
Whentheywillstartisnotknownyet.
Howhebecameagreatscientistisknowntousall.
2.位置：
主语从句可以前置，也可以后置。
用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末，常用下面几种句型。
1）It+be+表语+主语从句
表语：
（名词,形容词,过去分词）
Itisapitythatwecan’tgo.
Itisnosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.
ItisanhonourthatIwasinvitedtoattendthemeeting.
Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.
ItistruethatItoldhereverything.
ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.
ItisreportedthatChinahassentanothermanmadeearthsatelliteintoorbit.
2）It+不及物动词或短语+主语从句
Itseemed（happened,doesn’tmatter,hasturnedout）that…
Ithappensthattheywereabsent.
ItseemsthatAliceisnotingtothepartyatall.
Itdoesn’tmatterwhethershewilleornot.
Itmakesnodifferencewhereweshallhavethemeeting.
3）It+及物动词（被动语态）+主语从句
IthasbeendecidedthattheexhibitionwillnotopenonSundays.
注意:
1）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词；但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，从属连词that可以省略。
误：
Theyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.
正：
Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.
正：
Itisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother.
2）如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导.
误：
IfMaryreallyheardhimisreallydoubtful.
正：
ItwasdoubtfulifMaryreallyheardhim.
Ⅱ．从文章中找出以下主语从句并试着分析：
1）.Whatitwastobeewasamysteryuntilthedustbegantoslowlybineintoaballmovingaroundthesun.
2）.…becauseitwasnotclearwhetherthesolidshapewastolastornot.
3）.Whatscientiststhinkisthattheearthwasdifferentbecauseof…
4）.Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstoewilldependon…
实战演练
一．用正确的连接词完成下列句子：
1._____theuniverseislikehasattractedStephenHawkingallhislife.
2._____isclearandsimpleabouttheuniversehasalwaysseemedtoodifficultforustoanswer.
3._____theuniverseexiststhewayitdoesisamajorquestiontoallthosewhohavelookedatstarslikeHawking.
4._____hasdevelopedovertwothousandyearsofobservationhastobegreatlyrevised.
5._____intheuniverseweliveisnotthecentre,butoneofthenineplanetsorbitingthesun,whichisjustoneofmillionsofstarsinourownMilkyWaygalaxy.
6.______weunderstandtheuniverseisthetimewhenwehumanbeingswillhaveansweredallthequestions.
7.______wecanhaveapletepictureoftheuniversedependsonlearningtounderstandwhatwesee.
8.______Hawkingwantstotellusinthistextisthatweshouldstudytheuniverse,andunderstandit.
二．单项填空：
1.Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesn’tmatter_______thatI'mtalkingto.
A.whoisitB.whoitis
C.itiswhoD.itiswhom
2.Itisprettywellunderstood___controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.
A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how
3._____madetheschoolproudwas______morethan90％ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.
A.What;becauseB.What;that
C.That;whatD.That;because
4.______wewillgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.
A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where
5._______thattheycanpassthewrittenexamthistime.
A.ThatishopedB.Itishoped
C.IthopesD.Thathopes
6.It____Tomdrivesbadly.
A.thinksthatB.isthoughtwhat
C.thoughtthatD.isthoughtthat
7.______wecan’tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.
A.What;whatB.What;that
C.That;thatD.That;what
8.ThelawyerrarelywearsanythingotherthanjeansandaT-shirt______theseason.
A.whatever B.wherever C.whenever D.however
9._____isknowntousallisthatthexxOlympicGamestookplaceinBeijing.
A.It BWhat C.As D.Which
10.______wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily
A.It B.This C.What D.As
反馈检测
高考试题从句集锦：
1.______wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.
A.Anyone B.Theone C.Whoever D.Who
2.Thepaniesareworkingtogethertocreate _____theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.
A.which B.that C.what D.who
3.Allpeople,__theyareoldoryoung,richorpoor,richorpoor,havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneedsincethedisaster.
A.evenif B.whether C.nomatter D.however
4.Ithasbeenproved___eatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessesinlaterlife.
A.if B.because C.when D.that
5._____________youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.
A.That B.What C.Which D.This
6._____________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.
A.Anyone B.Theperson C.Whoever D.Who
7.Itworriedherabit_____________herhairwasturninggrey.
A.which B.that C.if D.for
8._____________youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.
A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether
9._____________hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.
A.What B.That C.Thefact D.Thematter
10._____hesaid_____tohurtyou.
A.That;didn’tmeanB.Which;meant
C.What;didn’tmeanD.As;meant
11._____________isafactthatEnglishisacceptedasaninternationallanguage.
A.There B.This C.That D.It
12.Sarahhopestobeeafriendof_____________sharesherinterests.
A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.nomatterwho
13.___________causedtheaccidentisstillapletemystery.
A.What B.That C.How D.Where
14.___________hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.
A.Who B.Theone
C.Anyone D.Whoever
15._____________shecouldn’tunderstandwas_____________fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.
A.That;what B.What;why
C.What;because D.Why;that
16.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin________wasawastelandtenyearsago.
A.what B.which C.that D.where
17.AfterYangLiWeisucceededincirclingtheearth,_______ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.
A.where B.what C.that D.how
18.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat________Ithoughtwasdangerousspeed.
A.as B.which C.what D.that
19.Wehaven'tsettledthequestionof______________itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.
A.if B.where C.whether D.that
20. ＿＿＿＿makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.
A.What B.Who
C.Whatever D.Whoever
第3课时
实战演练
一.What2.What3.How4.What5.Where6When.7.Whether8.What
二.1-5.BCBBB6-10.DAABC
反馈检测：
.1-5.CCBDB6-10.CBCAＣ11-15.DCAＤB 16-20.ABＣCA
2019-2020年高中英语Unit4AstronomyReading新人教必修3
课前预习
一.语言知识学习：
1.solidn.固体adj.固体的；实心的,无空隙的；结实的，坚固的
2.beto（do）:
（something）willdefinitelyhappen,oritmusthappen
不可避免要发生或必须发生
3.intime（forsth/todosth）:
notlate及时；不迟Shewasintimefortheclass.
Shewillbebackintimetopreparedinner.她来得及回来准备晚饭。
intime:
soonerorlater;eventually迟早；最后
Youwillrealizeyourdreamintime.
I’llseehimintime.总有一天我会遇见
in/outoftime:
in/notinthecorrecttime合/不合节拍
Theaudienceclappedintimetothemusic.观众合着音乐的节拍拍手。
4.tobeginwith以。
。
。
为开始，开始做。
。
。
Knowledgebeginswithpractice.
tobeginwith首先，最初，第一
Tobeginwith,Icouldn`tunderstandeveryword.
5.explode
1）.（使某物）炸开，爆炸
2）.（指感情）激发
3）.（指人口）突然或迅速增加
explosionn.爆炸（声）
explosiveadj.爆炸性的，易爆炸的n.炸药，爆炸物
6.aswellas除。
。
。
之外还。
。
。
，既。
。
。
又
IamlearningFrenchaswellasEnglish.
7.layeggs产卵，孵蛋
lieliesliedliedlying撒谎
lielieslaylainlying躺，位于
laylayslaidlaidlaying放置，下蛋
8.remain作系动词，意为“保持；仍然是”，后面可以跟名词形容词分词等做表语；作不及物动词意为“剩下”，后接被动结构的不定式意为“有待于”。
remaining剩下的；remains剩余物，遗迹
9.prevent…fromdoingsth./stop…fromdoingsth./keep…fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事
10.onearth到底，究竟（多用于疑问句）；在地球上ontheearth在地球上
11.inalldirections向各个方向
12.cooladj.凉快；冷静；冷淡v.使）变冷；冷静下来cooldown冷却下来
13.bevery/much/quite/entirely/totallydifferentfrom与…不同
Therearedifferencesbetween…and……与…之间有不同之处
14.tell…from…把…与…区分开来
15.thesameas…与…一样besimilarto与…相似
16.allowvt.允许，许可
allow+n./pron./doing
allowsb.todo
beallowedtodo
17.beharmfulto对…有害
doharmtosb.=dosb.harm伤害某人，对某人有害处
18.multiply（数目上）增加,增多；乘；（使）繁殖
19encourage鼓舞；促进；怂恿。
后接名词、代词，也可接不定式作宾语补足语。
21.development
（1）[U]成长,发育；发展（过程）；扩展
（2）[C]开发区,新社区anewhousingdevelopment新建住宅区
（3）[C]进化,进展；新情况,新闻
Whatarethelatestdevelopments?
Theuseofputersinteachingisarecentdevelopment.
教学上使用计算机是新近才有的事.
22.lateadj.迟到的，晚的；前任的；以前的；已故的
lateradv.后来，较晚时候,过后
adj.late的比较级（更迟的,更后的
latestadj.最新的
latelyadv.=recently近来
23.growinto生长成为,渐渐成为或变得…（不用于被动语态）
24.It’sgenerallybelievedthat…一般认为…
generallyspeaking一般而言，概括来说
25.阻止某人做某事:
preventsb.（from）doingsth.
stopsb.（from）doingsth.
keepsb.fromdoingsth.
26.dependon信任，依靠
dependonit没问题，请放心（句末或句首）
That/It（all）depends.那得看情况而定
countonsb.指望，依靠dependonsb.trust（in）sb.believeinsb.信任某人
27.givebirthto生育，产生
28.inone`sturn轮到某人；byturns轮流,交替；taketurns轮流,依次
29.feed喂养，饲养feedon以...为食feed...w
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