英语高考试题分类汇编 语法填空汇编.docx

英语高考试题分类汇编 语法填空汇编.docx

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英语高考试题分类汇编语法填空汇编

专题06:

语法填空

【2020全国I卷】

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang’e-4probe（探测器）-thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess___61___（touch）downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.Landingonthemoon’sfarsideis___62___（extreme）challenging.Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot___63___itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular___64___（interesting）toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters（环形山），moreso___65___thefamiliarnearside.ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-4___66___（find）andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.＂Thisreallyexcitesscientists,＂CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,＂becauseit___67___（mean）wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon___68___（construct）＂Dataaboutthemoon’scomposition,suchashow___69___iceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether____70____（it）plansforafuturelunar（月球的）basearepractical.

【2020全国II卷】

DecoratingwithPlants,FruitsandFlowersforChineseNewYear

ChineseNewYearisa___61___（celebrate）markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers___62___（carry）specialsignificance.Theyrepresenttheearth___63___（come）backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.

Thesearesomeofthemostpopularinmanypartsofthecountry:

Oranges:

Orangetreesaremore___64___decoration;theyareasymbolofgoodfortuneandwealth.Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes___65___（decorate）withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.

Bamboo:

Chineselovetheir“LuckyBamboo”plantsandyouwillseethemoftenintheirhomesandoffice.___66___（certain）duringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust.Bambooplantsareassociated___67___health,abundanceandahappyhome.Theyareeasy___68___（care）forandmakegreatpresents.

BranchesofPlumBlossoms（梅花）:

The___69___（beauty）longbranchescoveredwithpink-coloredbuds（蓓蕾）makefantasticdecorations.Theplumtreesare_____70_____firsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting（融化）.Theyrepresentthepromiseofspringandarenewaloflife.

【2020全国III卷】

InancientChinalivedanartist___61___paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartist’sreputationhadmadehimproud.Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait（画像）donesohecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheir___62___（fine）work,sothathecouldchoosethebest.Theartistwassurehewould___63___（choose）,butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldnanlaughed.ThewiseoldmantoldhimtotraveltotheLiRiver-perhapshecouldlearnalittlefromthegreatestartistintheworld.

Filledwith___64___（curious）,theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.___65___heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary（传奇的）artist,theysmiledand___66___（point）downtheriver.Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout___67___（find）thewell-knownpainter.Asthesmallboatmoved,___68___（gentle）alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountainsinmanyshadesofblue.Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds___69___（surround）themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.Theartistwasfinallyhumbled（谦卑）bythegreatestartist____70____earth,MotherNature.

【2020北京卷】

A

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

OliverisahostofaTVprogrammeonfood.Hesaysfood___1___（play）abigroleinhislife."Mymumwasagreatcook,andshe'dsometimesletmehaveatry,"hesaid.ThefirstdishOliverpreparedforhisfamilywasfriedchickenwings.Hemadeitwithhismum'shelp.Oliversaysifyou're___2___（luck）enoughtohavesomeoneclosetoyouwhoenjoyscooking,askthem___3___youcanjoininwhenit'spossible.

B

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Single-useplasticbagsareusedatmostafewtimesbeforethey___4___（throw）away.Ittakesthemhundredsofyears___5___（break）down.Manyofthesebagsendupintheoceanwherelargeronescantropseacreatures,suchasturtlesanddolphins.Overtime,thebagsfallapart___6___countlesstinypieces,andfishcanaccidentallyeatsomeofthem.Now,lotsof___7___（country）andregionsaretakingactiontobanthesaleofsuchbagstostoppeopleusingthem.

C

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Apieceofstone___8___（find）onaDutchbeachsuggeststhatourextincthumanrelatives,knownasNeanderthals,wereclevererthanpreviouslythought.TheNeanderthals___9___（live）alongsidehumanancestorsinEuropefortensofthousandsofyears,beforedyingoutabout40,000yearsago.Theyweremuchstrongerthanmodernhumans,butit'slongbeenassumedthathumanancestorswere____10____（smart）thantheNeanderthals.However,thestonetoolmadebyNeanderthalssuggestsotherwise.

【2020浙江卷】

第三部分语言运用（共两节,满分45分）

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）

阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Sometimeafter10,000BC,peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworldtheylived___56___,throughagriculture.Overthousandsofyears,theybegantodependlesson___57___couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild,andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.

Farmingproducedmorefoodperperson___58___huntingandgathering,sopeoplewereabletoraisemorechildren.And,asmorechildrenwereborn,morefood___59___（need）.Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology___60___（change）lives.

Byabout6000BC,people___61___（discover）thebestcropstogrowandanimalstoraise.Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththe___62___（season）,plantingattherighttimeand,indryareas,___63___（make）useofannualfloodstoirrigate（灌溉）theirfields.

Thisstyleoffarminglastedforquitealongtime.Then,with___64___riseofscience,changesbegan.Newmethods_____65_____（mean）thatfewerpeopleworkedinfarming.Inthelastcenturyorso,thesechangeshaveaccelerated.Newpowermachineryandartificialfertilizers（化肥）havenowtotallytransformedawayoflifethatstartedintheStoneAge.

【2020新高考全国1（山东卷）】

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Manypeoplehavethehobbyofcollectingthings,e.g.stamps,postcardsorantiques.Inthe18thand19thcenturies,___36___（wealth）peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig___37___untiltheydied,andthenitwasgiventoamuseum.The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,___38___（form）thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum___39___openedin1759.

Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic___40___（call）galleriesorrooms.Often,onlyasmallpartofamuseum’scollection___41___（be）ondisplay.Mostofitisstoredawayorusedforresearch.

Manymuseumsarelivelyplacesandtheyattractalotofvisitors.Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations（模拟）andimagine___42___（they）livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor___43___（walk）througharainforest.AttheJorvikCentreinYork,thecity’sVikingsettlementisrecreated,andpeopleexperiencethesights,soundsandsmellsoftheoldtown.Historical___44___（accurate）isimportantbutsoisentertainment.Museumsmustcompete____45____people’ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.Mostmuseumsalsowelcomeschoolgroupsandarrangespecialactivitiesforchildren.

【2020新高考全国2（海南卷）】

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Thesedays,itisnotunusualfor10-to12-year-oldstopublishtheirownwebsitesorforsecondandthirdgraders____36____（begin）computerclasses.Atthesametime,computergamesarebecomingincreasinglypopularasmajorpublishinghousescontinuetodevelop____37____（education）computerprogramsforchildreninpreschool.Also,technologicalknow-howhasbecomea____38____（require）formostjobsinanincreasinglydigitalworld,asthecomputerhasbecomeacommontoolinmost____39____（profession）

TheDigitalWorldisasetofvolumes____40____aimtodescribehowdigitalsystemsinfluencesocietyandhelpreadersunderstandthenatureofdigitalsystemsandtheirmanyinteractingparts.Eachvolumeinthesetexplores____41____widerangeofmaterial,explainsthebasicconceptsofmajorapplicationsofdigitalsystems,____42____discussestheinfluencestheyhaveoneverydaylife.Becausethenumberofpossibletopics____43____（be）practicallylimitless,wefocusonasampleofthemostinterestingandusefulapplicationsandtoolsandexplainthebasicprinciplesoftechnology.Readers____44____（encourage）tocontinueexploringthedigitalworldwiththeguidanceof_____45_____（we）FurtherResourcessectionfeaturedineachvolume.

参考答案

【2020全国I卷】

【答案】61.touched

62.extremely

63.where64.interest

65.than66.tofind

67.means68.isconstructed

69.much70.its

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。

中国成为第一个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家，文章主要介绍了中国无人月球探测器嫦娥四号发射的意义。

【61题详解】

.考查时态。

句意：

无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。

此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语lastweek可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。

【62题详解】

考查副词。

句意：

登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。

空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。

【63题详解】

考查定语从句。

句意：

中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。

分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是aspot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。

故填where。

【64题详解】

考查名词。

句意：

月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。

根据空前

形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，beofintere