英语衡水金卷调研卷普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试题英语四.docx

英语衡水金卷调研卷普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试题英语四.docx

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英语衡水金卷调研卷普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试题英语四

第一部分阅读理解（百强校英语解析团队专供）（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Ifyouhavealongholidaytospend,wherecanyougo?

NikoiIsland,Indonesia

Lessthan85km–butsomehowawholeworldaway–fromSingapore’sshiningskylineliesNikoiIsland.Surroundedbywhitesandyshorelinesandvividcoralreefs,Nikoi’scentreishiddeninrainforest,resultinginamazingbiodiversityseeninitsnativeplants,animalsandbirdlife.MarryingtraditionalIndonesiancraftsmanshipwithcontemporarydesign,Nikoiboastsjust15stilted（建于支柱上的）beachhouses,allwithbreathtakingseaviews,guaranteeingprivacyandtotalescapefromthedailygrind.

Amanpulo,Philippines

TheonlypropertyonPamalicanIsland,theluxuriousAmanpuloresortoffersextremelyimpressiveaccommodation,withonlyaccesstooverfivekilometresofcleancoralsandbeach.DesignedtoresembleindigenousBahayKubohomes,Amanpulo’sbeachside,treetopandhillsidevillasallfeaturecomfortabledeckswithhammocks（吊床）fromwhichtoenjoythespectacularviewsofthegreenish-blueseabelow.FillyourschedulewithAmanpulo’ssignatureaquaticadventures（includingdiving,windsurfingandsailing）,rechargeintheaward-winningspaorfeastuponlocallycaughtseafood–thechoiceisyours.

SongSaa,Cambodia

SongSaa’sincredibleoceanviews,andbreathtakingsunsetsareaverytypicalexampleofpureparadise.Its24villas–eachwiththeirownsea-viewprivateplungepool–aredesignedtoreflectthenaturalbeautyofCambodia’scoastline;builtfromrecycledwoodwithstrawroofsanddriftwoodfurnishings,thesepresencesarestylishproofofSongSaa’sadmirablecommitmenttosustainability（持续）andconservation.Youcanchoosetodoasmuchoraslittleasyouwanthere,withrainforesttours,islandsafarisandreefsnorkellingjustsomeoftheactivitiesonofferthatshowcasethisspectaculardestination.

1.WhatcanweseeinthecenterofNikoi’sIsland?

A.Landsofdesert.B.Streamsandrivers.

C.Kindsofanimalsandplants.D.Tallbuildings.

2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheAmanpulo’svillas?

A.Theyaremadeofbricks.

B.Wecanhaveagoodviewoftheseathere.

C.Theyareveryexpensive.

D.Wecanlearnmuchhistoricstoriesfromthem.

3.WhatactivitycanyouenjoyinSongSaa?

A.Diving.B.Whiterafting.

C.Mountain-climbing.D.Rainforesttour.

B

Naturalselectionistheprocessbywhichonetypeofanimalwithinaspeciesthrivesbecauseofcertaincharacteristicsthatmakeitmorelikelytolivethanothersinitsgroup.Thehistoryofthepepperedmoth（灰蛾）isanexampleofthenaturalselectionprocess.

In19thcenturyEngland,certaintypesofpepperedmothswereabletobetterblend（融合）intotheirsurroundings.Duringthattimeperiod,greatchangeswerehappeninginGreatBritain.TheIndustrialRevolutionwaspartofthischange,andwithitcameairpollution.Naturalselectionoftentakeshundredoreventhousandsofyearstooccur.Forthepepperedmoth,thisprocessoccurredcomparativelyquickly.

AtthebeginningoftheIndustrialAge,mostpepperedmothsinEnglandwerelight-coloredandcoveredwithblackmarkings,althoughafewmothshaddark-coloredwings.Becausethelight-coloredmothsblendedintothelight-coloredbarkonthetrees,theycouldnotbeeasilyseenbybirdsthatwouldeatthem.Astheairgrewmorepolluted,however,treetrunksbecamecoveredwithsoot（烟煤）andbecamedarker.Thelight-coloredmothsbecameeasyforbirdstoseeagainstthedarktreetrunks.Sincethedark-coloredmothsnowhadtheadvantage,theirnumbersgrew.Within50years,thepepperedmothwentfrombeingmostlylight-coloredtobeingmostlydark-colored.

Inthe20thcentury,theairclearedup,andthepepperedmothpopulationchangedagain.Astreetrunkslightedduetolesssootintheair,light-coloredmothsonceagainhadanadvantage.Theirnumbersincreasedassootlevelsdeclined.Dependingontheirenvironment,thecolorationofthemothshelpedthemtobe“naturallyselected”tosurvive.

4.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“thrives”inthefirstparagraph?

A.Reduces.B.Booms.C.Changes.D.Endangers.

5.Whatcanweinferaboutthepepperedmoth’snaturalselectionprocess?

A.Thelengthoftimewasunusual.

B.ThesootlevelsinEnglanddidnotaffectit.

C.Thistypeofcolorchangewastypicalformoths.

D.Itwasagoodexampleofenvironmentalprotection.

6.What’sthedifferencebetweenlight-coloredanddark-coloredmoths?

A.Dark-coloredmothswereoriginallyeasytoseeontrees.

B.Bothkindsofmothspreferredthedark-coloredtrees.

C.Birdsfailedtoseelight-coloredmoths.

D.Thecolorofmothswasunimportant.

7.WhichwouldmostlikelyhappenifsootdarkenedEngland’streesagain?

A.Birdswouldeatfewermoths.

B.Mothswouldnotbeabletostayalive.

C.Light-coloredmothswoulddisturbpeople’slife.

D.Thepopulationofdark-coloredmothswouldincrease.

C

Havingthreecancerpatientsinthesamehouseholdcanturnawholefamilyupsidedown.MichelleBruce,herhusband,Jeremy,andtheirson,Holden,allhadcancer.ThefamilymovedtoMichelle’shometownofFranklin,Nebraskasixyearsago,soherparentscouldhelp.

DoctorsfoundHolden’sbraintumor（肿瘤）,whenhewas12yearsold.Hisfamilywaslivinginasmalltownatthetime,buttherewererelateddoctorsinthestate.HoldenhadtwooperationsinOmahaclinic,bothofwhichweretough.

WhenHolden’scancercamebackagainin2012,nothingcouldbedone.Butthefamilydidn’tgiveup.TheyreachedouttoBostonChildren’sHospital,whichhasbetterequipmentanddoctorswithmoreexperienceoperatingonkids.AfterlookingatHolden’srecords,thedoctorsentbackherdiagnosis:

Shewasconfidentthatshecouldremovethetumor.

Thefamilywasbeyondrelieved,untiltheylearnedinsurancewouldn’tcoveranyoftheoperation’scosts.Theoperationwouldcost$39,000–morethantheparentscouldafford.Thefamilygotdesperate.

Inatownofjust1,000people,however,wordtraveledfast.Withindays,alocalwomanMichellehadnevermetinpersoncalledtosayshewasplanninganeventtoraisemoneyforHolden.Michellewastouched.

Theeventwasuplifting.Finally,thetownraised$45,000–enoughtocovernotjustHolden’shospitalbills,butforMichelleandJeremy’striptoBostonwiththeirson.“Ijustdidn’tknowwhattosay,”saidMichelle.“Nobodycouldreallybelieveit.”

Holden’soperationwentmuchmoresmoothlythanthefirsttwo.Heiscancer-freeandnowisattendingCentralCommunityCollege-Hastingsonafull-ridescholarship.

8.WheredidMichelle’sparentslive?

A.Florida.B.Boston.C.Omaha.D.Franklin.

9.WhydidHolden’sfamilygotoBostonChildren’shospital?

A.Becauseitwasneartheirhome.

B.Becauseithadbetterequipmentanddoctors.

C.Becausethemedicalexpensetherewascheaper.

D.Becausetheywerefamiliarwiththedoctorsthere.

10.Whatwasthefeelingofthefamilywhentheylearnedtheoperation’scost?

A.Theywereindespair.

B.Theywereverydelighted.

C.Theywereverysurprised.

D.Theyremainedcalm.

11.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.World’sBestCancerDoctors

B.BraveBoyWhoConqueredHisCancer

C.1,000PeopleSavedATeen’sLife

D.Country’sWelfareSystemShined

D

It’sjustbeenthreemonthsafterthefirstbike-sharingcompanyarrivedinSingapore,butreportsofabuseandvandalism（故意破坏）ofsharedbikesinthecitykeepappearingonsocialmedia.

Themajorityofthesesharedbikesarestationless,whichmeanstheydon’tneedtobestoppedatadesignated（指定的）spot.Theylockthemselvesafteryourrideisover,andyou’remeanttojustleavethebikeatthesideofaroad.

Butusershavebeenchainingupbicyclesoutsidetheirapartments,preventingothersfromusingthem.Somepeoplebringthemuptotheirapartmentfloors,sotheycan’tbefoundeasilybyotherusers.Somepeoplehaveremovedthebikes’numberplatesorcodes,andsomeevenhavepaintedoverthebikestoclaimthebikesforthemselves.MostoftheabusedbikesbelongtoeitherSingapore-basedoBike,orofo,abike-sharinggiantbasedinChina.

ofohasencouragedSingaporeanuserstoreportissues.oBikesaidthatthenumberofbicyclesthatweredamagedmadeuplessthanonepercentofitsfleet.ThecompanysaidinFebruarythatitplannedtobringin“tensofthousands”ofbikesbymid-2017.Thecompanyhasyettobananyonefromitsservice,butsaidthatitwouldtakeappropriateaction–includingmakingreportstothepolice.

oBikealsointroducedashortcomingsystem,similartothatofitscompetitor,China-basedMobike.Usersstartwith100points,whichgettakenawayforerrant（出格的）behavioursuchasforgettingtolockthebike,orparkingatnon-designatedareas.UsersarebannedfromusingoBikewhentheirscoresreachzero.oBikehasaneight-manoperationteamthatcanremovebicyclesparkedcasually.

Whenapproachedforcomment,Mobikesaid,“InChina,justasinSingapore,therearealwaysatinyminorityofpeoplewhoabusethebikes,sowedesignedoursystemtopreventthistypeofabuse.”

12.Whoistheownerofmostoftheabusedbikes?

A.Chinesegovernment.

B.Localgovernment.

C.Abike-sharinggiantbasedinChina.

D.Theusersofthebikes.

13.WhatistheattitudeoftheoBiketowardtheabuseofbikes?

A.Tolerant.B.Indifferent.C.Supportive.D.Disapproving.

14.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“that”inthefifthparagraph?

A.System.

B.Bike.

C.Company.

D.Report.

15.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassageaboutsharedbikes?

A.Theywillbeintroducedsoon.

B.Theabuseofthebikesisontheincrease.

C