上外版必修三01 动词不定式复习小讲义教师版.docx
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动词不定式复习小讲义
1、思维导图“一览众山小”
2、循序渐进,直接考点
高频考点1
【省略to的不定式做宾补】
★一感二听三使四看,主动语态to省略,被动语态to还原。
seesbdosth(主动语态)sbbeseentodo(被动语态)
一感
二听
三使(使役动词)
四看
feel
hear、listento
make、let、have(马兰花)
see、watch、notice、observe
★whynotdo/whydon’tyoudo/shallwedo/hadbetter(最好做)do/wouldrather(宁愿做)do
★helpsb.(to)dosth.
高频考点2
【不定式的成份】
不定式做宾(补)
ask/warn/promise/enable/tell/offer/order/encourage/fail/+(sb)+todo
不定式做形式主语
Itis+adj.+(for/ofsb.)todosth.(it作形式主语)
不定式做表语
Mydream/wish/aim/ambition/jobistodo
不定式作定语
Ihaveameetingtoattend
高频考点3
【不定式的否定】
不定式的否定形式:
not+(to)+do的形式
eg:
Tellhim___thewindow.
A.toshutnot B.nottoshut C.tonotshut D.don’ttoshut
解析:
本题是一种高频的题型,考查tellsbtodosth的否定形式,我们需要牢记,不定式的否定都是在to或者省略to的不定式前加上not即可,应此选择B.高频错误答案为D.
高频考点4
【简单句中不定式的运用】
状语从句的简化
结果状语从句
so…that+肯定句=enoughto
so…that+否定句=too…to
目的状语从句
sothatsb.can/could=inorderto/soasto
宾语从句的简化
宾语从句=疑问词+todo
高频考点5
【todo与doing做宾语时的不同意义】
★stop
stoptodo(开始do这个动作)
stopdoing(停止do这个动作)
★forget/remember
forget/remembertodo(动作未发生)
forget/rememberdoing(动作已发生)
★goon
goontodo(不同的事情)
goondoing(相同的事情)
★try
trytodo(努力做)
trydoing(尝试做)
★mean
meantodo(打算做)
meandoing(意思是,意味着)
注意:
mind
minddoing介意做某事
makeupone’smindtodo下决心做某事
高频考点6
【It'sforsbtodo“VS”It'sofsbtodo】
a)forsb.常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等:
It'sveryhardforhimtostudytwolanguages.对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
b)ofsb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,right等:
It'sveryniceofyoutohelpme.你来帮助我,你真是太好了。
典型例题
【例1】(上海2019年第39题)
Doctorstellus________ourhandsbeforeandaftereverymeal.
A.washB.washedC.washingD.towash
【答案】D
【分析】本题考察tellsbtodosth的结构,故选D.
【例2】(上海2019年第33题)
Thehosttoldajokeatthepartyandmadetheguest_____alot.
A.LaughB.laughingC.tolaughD.Laughed
【答案】A
【分析】本题考察madesbdosth的结构,故选D.
学法点睛
1、从近5年中考考察不定式的考点可以看出复习重点围绕:
①省to的不定式,重点关注使役动词“马兰花”(make、let、have)②不定式做动宾(补)③否定形式④状语从句与不定式的转换。
2、不定式做动宾(补)的记忆小贴士:
3、【It'sforsbtodo“VS”It'sofsbtodo】
过关检测
巩固测试:
1.ThejokewassofunnythatitmadeKitty__againandagain.
A.laughB.tolaughC.laughingD.laughs
2.Thenewly-builtundergroundlineenablespeoplethere__________theislandinlessthananhour.
A.toreachB.reachedC.reachD.reaching
3.They’dbetter________eatortalkloudlyinthereadingroom.It’snotallowed.
A.don’tB.notC.nottoD.tonot
4.You’dbetter________thenamesoftheapplicantsbeforewevote.
A.listB.listedC.listingD.tolist
5.Thenewtestenablesdoctors________thediseaseearlyenoughtotreatthepatient.
A.findB.foundC.tofindD.finding
6.Mr.Jonesexpectedtheinsurancecompanyhim$300,000forthevase.
A.topayB.payC.paidD.paying
7.Nowadays,youreallyrequirealotoftalentandhardwork_______success.
A.achievingB.toachieveC.achieveD.achieved
8.Asasoldier,Johnsonhadnochoicebut_____hiscaptain'sorders.
A.obeyB.toobeyC.obeyedD.obeying
9.Parentsshouldoftenencouragetheirchildrenmorebooksintheirfreetime.
A.readB.readingC.toreadD.toreading
10.Mr.SmithresponsetothenewsmadeJerryhowbadthesituationwas.
A.realizeB.torealizeC.realizedD.realizing
11.Readingisinterestinganditalsoenablesustheworldaroundus.
A.understandB.understandingC.understoodD.tounderstand
12.TheeffectivewayofimprovingspokenEnglishis________itasoftenaspossible.
A.speakB.spokenC.tospeakD.tospeaking
13.Youhadbettertheteacherforhelpwhenyouhavequestions.
A.askingB.askedC.askD.toask
14..Ourdutyintheschoolistryingandlearnbyheart.
A.tokeepB.keepingC.keptD.keep
15.Mynephewhasdecidedanonlineshopaftergraduatingfromschool.
A.openB.toopenC.openedD.opening
16.Thisarticlemainlytalksabouthow______theenvironment.
A.protectB.protectsC.toprotectD.protecting
17.Line17enablespeople______tothecenterofthecitysoonerthanbefore.
A.getB.togetC.gettingD.got
18.Mumalwaystellsme______anyfoodwhenIhavedinnerathome.
A.nottowasteB.dontwasteC.notwasteD.tonotwaste
【答案】DABBCABBCCDCCABCBA
1.Agroupofstudentsfromoursisterschoolhope_______inourschoolartfestivalnextweek.
A.joinB.tojoinC.joiningD.joined
2.Itwasraining.Myfatheraskedme_________araincoat.
A.totakeB.takeC.takingD.took
3.Onceyoumakeadecision,you’dbetteryourmindfromtimetotime.
A.notchangeB.don’tchangeC.nottochangeD.notchanging
4.Windowsinthedininghallallowguests_______thewholecookingprocess.
A.