CommunicationTechnology通信技术.docx
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CommunicationTechnology通信技术
1Introduction
1.1Introductionoftheproject
Withthedevelopmentsofmodernsociety,communicationtechnologiesarebecomingmoreandmoreessentialtohumanbeings.Duringtheperiodfrom1920to2013,researchersmadeacomprehensiveimprovementinthefieldsofvoicequality,connectingspeed,communicatingsecurityandsoon.Inthisessay,themainbodyissubdividedintothreeaspects.Firstly,somecommunicationtechnologiesappliedinhistoryareshowninthefirstsessionfollowedbyanoverviewofthetechnologiesinmoderntimeswhichcoulddescribetheshiftfrom1Gto3G.Thenthesecondsectionismainlyfocusingonanalyzingtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeachcommunicationtechnology.Afterthat,aconclusionandapredictionispresentedtosumupthewholeinformationandtelltheimprovementsinthenearestfuturebriefly.
IntheprocessofworkingonthisprojectIcouldlearnagreatdealofknowledgevaluableforthefuturestudylessons,meanwhile,someinformationofhowtousetheresourcesinthelibraryorontheinternetwillbegained.WhatisthemostessentialisthatmyacademicknowledgeisnotsobroadasIchangedmymajorfromMicroelectronics(Undergraduate)toCommunicationEngineering(Postgraduate),soIneedtochosethisprojecttoenrichmyknowledgethroughreadingseveralacademic
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journalsandbooks.
1.2Backgroundinformationaboutcommunicationtechnologiesinhistory
Intheancientworld,communicationreferstothetransmissionofmessagesfromoneplacetotheotheranditsaimissendinginformation.Peopleusedtosendmessagesbyhorse,pigeon,semaphore,beaconsorengravingonstonepillars.Thesecanbesubdividedintotwocategories:
opticaldeliveryandnon-opticaldelivery.Opticaldeliverycontainsseveralmethodssuchasfirealarm,beacon,bodylanguage,whilenon-opticaldeliveryreferstotheconveyanceofinformationbyengravingonstonepillarsorsendingletterswhicharetransferredbyhorseandpigeon.(BamberGascoigne,1993)
Thecommunicationtechnologiesintheancientworldwereinefficient,especiallywhenthetraveldistancewasremoteandittakesmonthsorevenyearstosendalettertoothers.However,withthedevelopmentofmoderntechnologies,peoples’requestsonquickcontactresultedintheinvestmentofseveralnewcommunicationtechnologiessuchasTelecommunications.AccordingOxfordDictionaries(2013)andMerriam-WebsterDictionaries(2013),Telecommunicationsrefertothetransmissionofdata,telephone,radioandsoonfromoneplacetotheotherbyusingtechnological
methods(electricalsignalsandelectromagneticwaves).Alsothistechnologyhas
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severaluniquecharacteristicssuchasthesignalswillnotbeinfluencedbytime,
distanceandplace,whichimplicatesitcanprovidepeoplewitharapid,accurate,reliablecontactingmode.Duetoitsuniquefeatures,Telecommunicationsaredevelopingrapidlyandbeingwidelyused.
Itmustbepointedoutthatitiscommunicationtechnologiesshortenedthedistancebetweendifferentcountries,increasedtheefficiencyofeconomicandchangedpeople’slivingstylesgreatly.
1.3Anoverviewofcommunicationtechnologiesfrom1Gto3GThedevelopmentofmoderncommunicationcanbesubdividedintosixmainperiodsasfollows.Firstly,intheperiodsfrom1920to1940,communicationtechnologiesexperiencedaninitialdevelopment.Forexample,accordingtoRegisJ.B.(2007),carphoneradiosystemwasfirstequippedintheStLouispoliceonJunethe17th1946beforeitwaswidelyusedinNorthAmericainthe1980s.Inthenexttwentyyears,thetelephonenetwork,whichwasfirstestablishedbyBillSystemequippedinpublicvehiclesaroundtheworld,whichimplicatedapublicusedmobilecommunicationservicehadappeared.ThenAmericanrealizedautomatictuningandautomaticconnectionfrom1960to1970.AccordingtoW.RaeYoung(1979),BillLabinventedandrealizedtheAdvancedMobilePhoneSystemthatcanbeseenasthefirstgeneration.ItalsomeansaCellularMobileCommunicationNetworkwasestablished.Onthebasis
ofNetworks&Communications(2005),theUKhaddevelopedanothercommunication
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systemcalledTACSwhichwasusedintheUKandIrelandin1983.Afterthat,itcanbeseenfromVijayK.G.(2002),inaround1982,EuropeputforwardaGlobalSystemforMobileCommunicationsSystem(GSM),whichhadbeenwidelyusedinmostEuropeancountriesintheworldasitcouldimprovethevoicequalityandincreasethenetworksecurity.Lastly,accordingtoPatilC.S.(2012),attheendof20thcentury,AsiaandEuropepointedoutanewcommunicationsystemcalledW-CDMA,whileAmericanlaunchedCDMA2000.Thesetwosystemscannotonlytransmitvoice,butalsotransmitdigitalinformation,whichcouldprovidecitizenswithamoreconvenientandeasieraccesstowirelessapplications.
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2TheFirstGe