大学英语全新版第四册.docx

大学英语全新版第四册.docx

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大学英语全新版第四册

大学英语全新版第四册

UnitOneFightingWiththeForcesofNature

Objectives

Studentswillbeableto:

1.Developreadingskills—graspthemainidea（Theelementsofnaturemustbereckonedwithinanymilitarycampaign）andstructure;

2.Developwritingskills—learntoprovideevidencewhenyouarewritinganessay;

3.Learnthelanguage—masterthekeylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetext;

4.Integratethefourskills—conductaseriesofreading,listening,speakingandwritingactivitiesrelatedtothethemeoftheunit.

TimeAllotment

Wedevote8teachingperiods（plus2periodsofafter-classstudents’autonomouslearningintheSelf-AccessCenter）tocoverUnit1,whichinclude:

Time

WhatIstoBeDone

Tasks/Activities

2periods

1.ListeningandSpeakingCourseintheSAC;

2.RevisionExx.ofUnit1

Ss’autonomouslearningwithUnitsofQinghuatextbooksIII&IV

2periods

1.Ss’understandingthemainideasineachpartofTextAandthetextstructure;

2.Ss’masteryofthekeylanguagepointsinthetext;

（Inmultimediaroom,bigclass）

1.Presentationofthecoursewareofthetext;

2.Discussion:

Manornature,whichismorepowerful?

2periods

1.Sspresentation:

topicsoftheirowninterests;

2.Ss’furtherunderstandingofTextA;

3.Ss’summaryofTextB:

Gamblingwiththeforcesofnature.

（Insmallclass）

1.3Ssmakingpreparedspeeches;

2.PresentationofcoursewareforSstounderstandsomedifficultsentencesinTextA;

3.Discussionandsummary:

Theelementsofnaturemustbereckonedwithinanymilitarycampaign.

2periods

1.Developingwritingskill;

2.Developingreadingskillofskimming&scanningformainideaandspecificdetails.

（Insmallclass）

1.Paragraphdevelopment:

waystoprovideevidence;

2.SupplementaryexerciseforSstopracticeskimming&scanning.

2periods

2after-class-periodsofstudents’autonomouslearningintheSelf-AccessCenter

1.Reviewwhathasbeenlearnedinclasswithlearningresources;

2.MakeupforwhatSsbelieveastheirweakpointsinthefourskills;

3.ReinforceSslisteningskills.

TextATheIcyDefender

NilaB.Smith

CulturalBackground

1.NapoleonBonaparte（1769-1821）

EmperoroftheFrench,whoconsolidatedandinstitutionalized（使制度化）manyreformsoftheFrenchRevolution.Oneofthegreatestmilitarycommandersofalltime,heconqueredthelargerpartofEurope.

During1802-1815NapoleontriedtogaincontrolofthewholeofEurope.HehadgreatsuccessagainstallhisenemiesexceptBritain,whosenavyunderNelsondefeatedtheFrenchnavyattheBattleofTrafalgarin1805,andwhosearmyfoughtthePeninsularWaragainsthimfrom1808to1814,makinghimweakerinhisothercampaigns.In1812NapoleonlosthalfamillionmenwhenheinvadedRussiainwinter,andin1814theBritish,Russians,PrussiansandAustriansenteredParis.TheysentNapoleontoruletheislandofElbaintheMediterranean,buthecollectedanarmyaroundhimandreturnedtoParis.Hewassoondefeatedagain,attheBattleofWaterlooin1815,andwassenttotheislandofSt.HelenainthesouthAtlantic,wherehediedin1821.

2.AdolfHitler（1889?

-1945）

Germanpoliticalandmilitaryleaderandoneofthe20thcentury’smostpowerfuldictators.HeconvertedGermanyintoafullymilitarizedsocietyandlaunchedWorldWarIIin1939.Hehopedtoconquertheworld,andforatimedominatedmostofEuropeandmuchofNorthAfrica.Heinstitutedsterilization（消毒杀菌）andeuthanasia（安乐死）measurestoenforcehisideaofracialpurityamongtheGermanpeopleandslaughteredmillionsofJews,SintiandRoma（Gypsies）,Slavicpeoples,andmanyothers,allofwhomheconsideredinferior.

3.AbriefintroductiontoWWII

AdolfHitler’sinvasionofPolandinSeptember,1939ignited（点燃）WorldWarII.Onebyone,Europe’snationsfellbeforeGermany’smechanizedarmies.OnlyBritainheldfirm.WhiletheAllies（同盟国）conferred（协商）,treachery（背叛）approachedfromtheEast.OnDecember7th,1941,JapaneseplanesattackedPearlHarbor.Thenextday,theUnitedStatesenteredthewar.Fightingcontinuedforalmostfourmoreyears,spreadingtoNorthAfricaandthePacific.OnD-Day,June6,1944,AlliedtroopsbegantheliberationofEurope.Withinayear,Germanysurrendered.Tosubdue（使sb屈服）Japan,theUSdroppedatomicatomsonHiroshimaandNagasaki.JapanformallysurrenderedonSept.2,1945.WWIIclaimedmorethan27millionlives.

ClassroomActivities

Discussion:

Manornature,whichismorepowerful?

1）Ssaredividedintotwogroups.Onegrouplistsinstanceswheremanconquersnature;theothergroupcomesupwithcaseswheretheforcesofnaturearetoopowerfultoberesisted.

2）SeveralSsfrombothgroupsreporttheirrespectiveliststoclass;

3）TsolicitsopinionsfromotherSs:

manornature,whichdoyouthinkmorepowerful?

4）Conclusion:

Manchangesnatureinordertolive.However,manmustalsobecarefulnottodisregardthelawsofnature.WhenNapoleonandHitlerfinallyrealizedtheirarrogance,itwastoolate.

TextAnalysis

1.AComparison-and-ContrastAnalysisoftheTwoInvasions

TasksSstoprovideinformationbasedonTextA:

Invadingcountries?

Countryinvaded?

Startingtimeofthetwoinvasions?

Strengthofinvadingforces?

Prediction?

Initialresistancestrategies?

CaptureoftheRussiancapital?

Majorbattles?

Biggestenemyfortheinvadingforces?

Turningpoint?

Fateoftheinvadingforces?

War-starters’fate?

2.Textdivision

TguidesSstoanalyzeTextA.Thetextcanbedividedintofourparts,ascanbeeasilyseenfromthesubtitlesprovidedbytheauthor.

PartOne（Paras1-2）:

Introduction—BothNapoleon’sandHitler’smilitarycampaignsfailedbecauseoftheseverityoftheRussianwinter.

PartTwo（Paras3-11）:

Napoleon’smilitarycampaignagainstRussia

PartThree（Paras12-20）:

Hitler’smilitarycampaignagainsttheSovietUnion

PartFour（Para21）:

Conclusion—Theelementsofnaturemustbereckonedwithinanymilitarycampaign.

LanguageStudy

1.inthecaseof:

asfaras…isconcerned

Theriseininterestratewillbedisastrousinthecaseofsmallfirms.

2.stand/get/beintheway:

preventfromdoingsth.

Sarahasmadeuphermindthatherleisureinterestshouldnevergetinthewayofhercareer.

Idon’tthinkkidshaveasmuchfunasweusedto.Fiercecompetitionkeepsgettinginthewayoftheirdevelopment.

3.launch:

start;sendsth.onitscourse

OnOctober4,1957,Sovietscientistslaunchedtheworld’sfirstartificialsatellite.

In1941,AdolfHitler,leaderofNaziGermany,launchedanattackagainsttheSovietUnion.

4.be/getboggeddown:

beunabletomakeprogress

Ifyouletyourselfgetboggeddowninhomework,you’llneverfindtimetoreadbooks.

Thelocalgovernmentgotboggeddowninproblemsofhowtohandletheairpollution.

5.engage:

beginfightingwithsb.;takepartinordo;occupyorattractsb’sinterest;etc

Ihavenotimetoengageingossip.

Thecommanderorderedthesoldierstoengagetheenemyimmediately.

Wefailedtoengageanyactivesupportforourproject.

6.crucial:

veryimportant（followedbyto）

Surprisingly,oursoccerteamwonthevictoryinthecrucialfinalgame.

Unityiscrucialtotheefficientoperationofanorganization.

7.takeagamble:

takearisk

Ithinkshe’stakingagambleinvestingallhermoneyinstocks.

Thecompanytookagamblebycuttingthepriceoftheirproducts,anditpaidoff.

8.presson/ahead:

continuedoingsth.inadeterminedway（usedinthepattern:

presson/aheadwithsth.）

Despitefierceopposition,thegovernmentispressingonwithitscampaigntoeliminatecorruption.

9.bideone’stime:

waitpatientlyforachance

Hispoliticalrivalsarebidingtheirtimeforanattackonhispolicies.

10.dragon:

moveslowlyandwitheffort;continueendlesslyandtediously

Howmuchlongeristhemeetinggoingtodragon?

11.stroke:

anyofaseriesofrepeatedmovements;blow

Isawachanceofsolvingallmyproblemsatastroke.

Byastrokeofgoodluck,Tom,whohadbeenburiedintherubbleformorethan26hours,cameoutalive.

12.atthecostof:

withthelossof

Thesoldiersavedthegirlatthecostofhisownlife.

Thelocalgovernmentdevelopeditseconomybutatthecostofenvironment.

13.catchsb.offguard:

takesb.bysurprise

Thereporter’squestioncaughttheforeignministeroffguard.

Theinvitationtohisweddingcaughtmeoffguard.

14.instruct:

giveordersordirectionstosb.（usedinthepatterns:

instructsb.todosth.;instructsb.that）;teachsb.（usedinthepattern:

instructsb.in/onsth.）

Myparentsinstructedmetostartearly.

Theprofessorinstructedusthatwehadonemonthtoconducttheproject.

Heinstructedfamilymembersinnursingtechniques.

15.render:

causetobeinaspecifiedcondition（sameasmake）

Hundredsofpeoplewererenderedhomelessbytheflood.

Hewasrenderedunconsciousbyablowonthebackoftheneck.

16.bringtoahalt:

stopcompletely

Productioninmanyfactorieshasbeenbroughttoahaltbythedelayedarrivalofrawmaterials.

17.turnthetide（against）:

changewhatlookslikedefeatintovictory

SovietvictoryinStalingradturnedthetideofthewarinEurope.

18.thanksto:

becauseof

Thankstoherfinancialsupport,thetwochildrenintheremotevillagecouldgotoschool.

Thankstotheirtirelessefforts,theperformancewasagreatsuccess.

19.reckon:

count;consider;think

Manypeoplereckonhimtobeagreatfootballplayer.

reckonwith:

take…intoconsideration

Alltheseproblemshadtobereckonedwithastheyarose.

20.toll:

thenumberofpeopleoranimalskilledorinjuredinparticularcircumstances;moneypaidfortheuseofabridgeorroad

Thetollofroaddeathsandinjuriesiso