四级议论文写作.docx

四级议论文写作.docx

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四级议论文写作

四级议论文写作

议论文写作

1.议论文的格式：

议论文的格式应由三个部分组成：

立论部分；

论证部分；

结论部分。

一般说来，议论文可分三个基本段落来写：

第一段引出话题；第二段立论且加以论证；第三段给出明确的结论。

第二段是中心段落，应试者应将主要的内容放在第二段中，同时也要注意开篇及结尾段落的完整性，且应尽量做到首尾呼应，切忌前后矛盾。

2.段落的统一性及语篇的连贯性

1）段落的统一性英语段落有一大特点，即一个段落只涉及一个主题（甚至只是一个主题的某个方面）。

段落中的一个句子点出主题并说明作者对该主题的看法，而其它所有句子都是为展开该主题而给出的事实、例证、推理，它们与主题紧密相关。

段落中不应有一个与主题无关的句子。

英文段落的这种各个句子与主题的关联性被称作段落的统一性。

2）语篇的连贯性英语议论文的段落多采取直线展开式，即段落开始直接切入主题，并给出事实、例证、推理等。

英语议论文段落这种展开方式是形成其语篇连贯的基础。

语篇的连贯是指段落中各句的意义通过某种有序的排列（如时间顺序、因果顺序、逻辑顺序等）而相互关联。

在论述该段落主题的时候，每后一个句子都是建立在前面一个句子的基础之上的。

如果去掉段落中的一个句子，这种连贯便会受到影响，就会造成读者在理解上的困难。

3.议论文中心段落的主题句及其论据、议论文中常用的词句与短语

议论文中心段落的主题句及其论据.一篇议论文能否获得高分与其中心段落主题句的质量不无关联，而主题句质量的高低则又取决于审题的好坏和论据的选择（即所选的论据在逻辑性、说理性、准确性及与主题内容的关联性等方面是否都经得起推敲）。

需要明确的是，中心段落只应有两个组成部分：

段落的主题句和支持主题句的论据。

段落的主题句也应有两个部分组成，即：

主题句=主题作者对主题的看法或态度，两者缺一不可。

假设应试者被要求写一篇有关吸烟的议论文，那么SMOKING就是中心段落的主题一般说来，议论文要求应试者阐明自己对某问题的看法或态度。

因此当我们拿到议论文的题目以后，要认真审题，权衡某事的利与弊，然后确定我们的立场。

如何构建段落的主题句呢？

拿到议论文的题目以后，经认真审题后，用英文列出你所能想起的与主题有关的例证。

Argumentation型

1）some,others,I型

（1）模版一

Thereisnoconsensusamongthepeopleastotheviewof_________（主题）.Somepeopleholdtheideathat_______________________（观点A）.Acaseinpointisthat_____________________________（支持观点A的例子）.

Ontheotherhand,othersmayhaveaquitedifferentview.Accordingtothem,______________（观点B）.Themosttypicalexampleisthat__________（支持观点B的例子）.

Weighingtheprosandconsofthesearguments,Iaminclinedtoagreewiththelatter.Admittedly,theformerpointofviewseemsreasonableinsayingtosomeextent,butthelatterismoreconvincing.

（2）模版二

___________（主题）isacommonoccurrenceinourlives.Theattitudestowardthisissuevaryfrompersontoperson.Somepeopletendto______________whentheyareasked_________________（观点A）because_______________________（支持观点A的原因）.Themosttypicalexampleisthat____________________________（支持观点A的例子）.

However,othersarguethat________________________（观点B）.Theypointoutthat_______________________（重申观点B）forthereasonthat_______________（支持观点B的原因）.

AsfarasIamconcerned,Iwillchooseto__________________（你的观点）becausethischoicefitsmypersonalityandmylife-longbelief.

2）MyView型

（1）模版一

Whenaskedabout______________（主题）,somepeopleholdtheideathat_________________________（观点A）.Asfarastheyareconcerned,_________________________（展开观点A）.ButIcouldnotagreewiththeminseveralpoints.Inmyopinion,______________________________（观点B）.Thereasonsformychoicearelistedasfollows.

Inthefirstplace,___________________________（支持观点B的理由1）.Inthesecondplace,______________________________（支持观点B的理由2）.Inthethirdplace,_______________________________（支持观点B的理由3）.

Forthereasonsmentionedabove,Ifirmlybelieve____________（重申观点B）.

（2）模版二

Somepeoplebelievethat__________________________（观点A）.Forinstance,theyholdtheideathat______________________________（支持观点A的例子）.Anditmaybringthem_____________________________（A带给他们的好处）.

Inmyopinion,Ineverthinkthisreasoncanbethepoint.Foronething,_____________________________（我不同意的理由1）.Foranother,_____________________________（我不同意的理由2）.

Asamatteroffact,therearesomeotherreasonstoexplainmychoice.Forme,Iagreetothethoughtthat______________________________（重申自己的观点）.

3）利弊型

（1）模版一

Nowadaysmanypeopleprefer__________（主题）becauseitplaysasignificantroleinourdailylife.Generally,itsadvantagescanbeseenasfollows.Ontheonehand,________________（主题的优点1）.Ontheotherhand,___________________（主题的优点2）.

Buteverythingcanbedividedintotwo.Thenegativeaspectsarealsoapparent.Oneoftheimportantdisadvantagesisthat___________________（主题的缺点1）.Tomakemattersworse,__________________________（主题的缺点2）.

Throughtheaboveanalysis,Ibelievethatthepositiveaspectsfaroutweighitsnegativeaspects.Whatevereffectsithas,onethingiscertain,________（主题）itselfisneithergoodnorbad.Itistheusestowhichitisputthatdetermineitsvaluetooursociety.

（2）模版二

Withthedevelopmentofscienceandhumancivilization,manyformerlyunimaginablethingscomeintoreality.Someofthemhavepositiveeffectsonourlife,butsomearedistasteful.Thephenomenonof___________（主题现象）isanexampleoftheformer/latterone.

Therearemanyfactorsthatmayaccountforit,andthefollowingarethemostconspicuousaspects.Tostartwith,__________________（原因1）.Furthermore,______________________（原因2）.Eventually,________________________________（原因3）.

Goodas____________（主题现象）is,ithas,unfortunately,itsdisadvantages.Theapparentexampleisthat______________（缺点例子1）.Inaddition,_____________________（缺点例子2）.

Onthewhole,thephenomenonisoneoftheresultsoftheprogressofthemodernsociety.Thereisstillalongwayforustoimprove/eliminate__________（主题现象）andmakeourlifemorecomfortable.

例文习作

Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicTheInternet.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinhinese:

　　1.有人认为网络可以让学习、工作更有效率

　　2.还有人认为网络让青少年沉迷，进而影响学习

　　3.你对于网络的看法

TheInternet

　　Intheeraofinformationandtechnology,theInternethasplayedanimprotantroleinoursociety.WiththeInternet,it'seasytogettheinformationweneed,improvingtheefficiencyofourstudyandwork.Wecan'tdenythatitisimpossibleforlotsofpeopletoachievegreatsuccessinthemodernsocietywithouttheInternet.

　　However,somepeoplethinkthattheInternethasabadeffectonthegrowthoftheteenagers.TheteenagersaretooyoungtoresistsometemptationsfromtheInternet.SomeofthemindulgethemselvesintheInternetandatlastareluredawayfromthestudy.

　　Inmyopinion,weshouldpaymoreattentiontotheadvantagesoftheInternetandmakethemostofit.Meanwhile,weshouldteachtheteenagershowtousetheInternetpositively,andmaketheInternetatoolfortheirhealthydevelopment.

RecreationalActivities

（1）

21stcenturyhasbroughtwithitanunprecedentedvarietyofrecreationalactivitiesrangingfromtraditionaloutdooractivitiessuchasplayingballgamestoallkindsofonlineones,thelatterofwhichisagreatappealtotheyounggeneration.SoI’dliketonarrowmytopicdowntoonlinerecreationalactivities.

Itgoeswithoutsayingthatvariousactivitiesbroughtbymoderntechnologyhavegreatlybroadenedourhorizonandbroughtmuchexcitementtous.WithaccesstotheInternet,youcangettoknowpeoplefromanycountryintheworldandyoucantalkwiththem,playgameswiththem---atemptationveryhardtoresist,andevenseethemviawebcam.Thedisadvantage,however,isthatanyonewholacksself-controlwouldveryeasilygetlostandbecomeaddictedtotheonlineworld,whichinturnmightseriouslyaffecttheirlife,workandinterpersonalrelationships.

Asacollegestudent,Ithinkwhatreallymattersistomakebetterchoiceandexertmorediscipline.We’dbettertakeadvantageofgoodonlinerecreationalactivitiestoenrichourlivesandbroadenthescopeofknowledge.Whenitcomestothoseaddictive,time-consumingandlessmeaningfulactivities,Ithinktostayawayfromthemisawisedecision.

RecreationalActivities

（2）

Withthedevelopmentoflivingstandard,peoplespendmoretimeonvariousformsofrecreationalactivities.Peoplecandosports,singingkaraoke,godancing,gotothemovies,playvideogamesoronlinegames,orsurftheInternet.

Recreationalactivitiesaregoodtopeople’shealth,bothphysicallyandmentally.Sportsanddancingcankeeppeoplefit.Singingkaraoke,playingvideogamesoronlinegamescansatisfypeople’simagination.SurfingtheInternetcanbringpeoplealotofinformationandknowledge.

However,recreationalactivitiesmightbeharmfulifpeopleareaddicted.Spendingtoomuchtimeonrecreationalactivitieswillseriouslyinfluencepeople’snormallives,especiallyworkandstudy.Therefore,peoplewillbenefitfromrecreationalactivitiesonlyiftheytakepartinthemproperly.

Direction:

Forthispartyouareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicOnStress.Youshouldwritenolessthan120wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheonlinebelow:

1.有的人害怕压力。

2.有的人认为压力并不是一件坏事。

3.我的看法。

OnStress

Withthefastarepaceofmodernlife,moreandmorepeoplearelivingundergreatpressure.

Somepeopleareafraidofpressure.Theythinkthatthestressesandstrainsofworkdeprivethemofjoyandhappiness.Intheirview,stressdoesharmtothembothphysicallyandmentally.Thatiswhytheyprefersomethinglesscompetitiveandstrenuoustosomethingmoredemandingandchallenging.

Othersarguethatstressisn'tasbadasitoftensupposedtobe.Unlessitisoverwhelming,acertainamountofstressisvitaltoprovidemotivationandstimulation.Withoutstress,youmayslackoffandidleawayyourtime.Itgivespurposeandmeaningtoanotherwisemeaningless,dulllife.Peopleunderstresstendtobringtheirpotentialintofullplayandtorealizetheirgoals.

Inmyopinion,weshouldn'tescapefromstressbuttofaceitasitis.Whatwecandoistoadapttothestressandtoprofitfromitratherthantoavoidit.

Direction:

Forthispartyouareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicCarsandAirPollution.Youshouldwritenolessthan120wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinebelow:

1.私家轿车越来越多，有些问题随之产生。

2.比较明显的大问题有......

3.我对这种现象的看法。

CarandAirPollution

Toomanycarshavecreatedalotofseriousproblemsinourworld.Besidescongestion,accidentsandfastfuelconsumption,carsareresponsibleforagoodpartofairpollutioninbigcities.Allthetime,theyarepumpinghugeamountsofwastegasesintotheatmosphere.Thesegasesareveryharmful,caus