阅读简答汇总.docx
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阅读简答汇总
NO.1
Thenorthmagneticpole(磁极)isnolongeraresidentofCanada.IthasdriftedacrosstheCanadianArcticandisnowanglingtowardSiberia.
NottobeconfusedwiththegeographicNorthPole—thenorthernextremityoftheEarth’saxis(地轴),thenorthmagneticpole(wheretheEarth’smagneticfieldisdirecteddownward)ismovingduetonaturalchangesintheEarth’smagneticfield,aprocessthatoriginatesabout3,000kilometersbelowourfeet,intheoutercore(核心)oftheplanet.Butscientistsarenownoticingthatthemagneticpolehaspickedupitspace.
“Overthepastcentury,thepolehasbeenmigratingatanaveragespeedofabout10kilometersperyear,”saysLarryNewitt,headofGeomagneticLaboratoryatNaturalResourcesCanadainOttawa.“Sincethe1970s,thisspeedhasincreasedtoabout50kilometersperyear.”
“Scientistsarewonderingwhythespeedisincreasing,”saysNewitt.OneHypothesis(假说)relatesitto“magneticjerks”suddenshifts(变化)intherateofchangeofthemagneticfield.Therehavebeenthreejerksinthepastfourdecades,eachonecorrelatingtoanincreaseinspeed.
Ifthenorthmagneticpolecontinuesatitscurrentrate,itcouldreachSiberiaby2056.
“Formostofrecordedhistory,thepolehasbeenapartofCanada,andnowit’snot,”saysNewitt.“Itmaybeablowtoourcollectivepsyche,butotherthanthat,itdoesn’thaveamajoreffectonmostpeople’sexistence.
1.Findinthepassageawordclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“angling”.
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2.Whatcouldhappentothenorthmagneticpolebythemiddleofthe21century?
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3.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
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(2007湖南卷)「参考答案」
1.Moving/Migrating.
2.ItcouldreachSiberia.
3.Thenorthmagneticpoleismovingfaster.
NO.2
EveryJanuary,BreckenridgehoststheInternationalSnowSculptureChampionships.FourteenteamstravelfromallovertheworldtoSwitzerlandtocompete.Teamssculptforsixty-fivehoursoverfivedays.Eachteamhopesthatwhenthetimeisup,itssculpturewillbejudgedthebest.
Asthechampionshipbegins,thefourteenteamsarefacedwithhugeblocksofsnowthatweightwentytonseach.Thesculptorsbringouttheirfavoritetoolsthatworkbestonthehardicedsnow,buttheyarenotallowedtoemploytoolsthatuseelectricity.
Mostteamsareinspiredbywhattheyhaveseenindailylife.Forexample,oneteamcarvedateapotwithteapouringout.Anotherteamsculptedalittlecatonitshindfeet(后脚)reachingintoafishbowlcompletewithwaterripples(涟漪)andacrab(螃蟹)tryingtoattackthecat.In2006,TeamUSAsculptedagoldendoglookingatitsimagereflectedinamirror.Tocreatetheeffectthatthelittledogsawitsreflectionintheglass,theartistscarvedtwodogsfacingeachotherwiththeirpaws(脚爪)touching.
Asthefinalhoursofthecompetitiontickby,exhaustedteammembersaddlast-minutedetails.Theyusesmallbroomstobrushoffsnowcaughtintinyholes.Oneteammembercountsdownthelastfiveminuteswhileothersarebusycleaningupthetools.Iftheyleaveanytoolsbehind,theywillbeout.Whenthewhistleblows,everyonemuststepawayfromthesculpture.Thejudgesthenvoteoncreativity,technicalskill,andvisualimpact(视觉效果)ofthedesigns.
In2006,TeamUSAtookfirstplacefortheirgoldendogsculpturetitled“Discovery”.Butthecompetitionisnotjustaboutmedalsandribbons.“It‘snotabouttheprize,”saidRobNeyland,TeamUSA’scaptain.“It’sabouttouchingtheaudience.”
Everyyear,asthechampionshipends,eachteamisalreadydreamingofthenextmasterpieceitwilldesign.
1.WhatkindoftoolsarethesculpturesNOTpermittedtouse?
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2.Whatgivesthesculptorsideasfortheircreativework?
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3.WhydidTeamUSAwinthecompetitionin2006?
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(2008湖南卷)「参考答案」
1.Thetoolsthatuseelectricity.
2.Thethingstheyhaveseenindailylife.
3.Becauseitssculpturewasjudgedthebestforcreativity,technicalskillsandvisualimpact.
NO.3
Alongtimeago,MiltonS.Hershey,thecreatorofthepopularchocolatebars,wasdippedinwarmchocolate.Iknowallaboutit.Mygrandfatherwasthere!
Atnineteen,HersheyestablishedacandybusinessinPhiladelphia.Althoughitfailed,hetriedagaininseveralothercitiesandsucceededwithCrystalACaramels.ButHersheywasnotcontent.Hebeganexperimentingwithchocolateandmanagedtosellhisfirstchocolatebarsin1900.Theywereaninstantsuccess.In1903,Hersheybuiltafactory.
Hersheywasusuallypleasantandkindandenjoyedagoodjoke.However,inhischocolatefactory,heheldhighstandardsforalltheworkers.Hewasbothrespectedandfeared.Hisangerwouldburstoutwhenthingsdidn’tgoashe’dexpected,andworkerswerefiredformistakes.
Mygrandfatherbeganworkinginthefactoryasayoungman.Hisjobwastopushthevats(大桶)ofwarmchocolatetoastoragearea.Todothis,hehadtopushtheheavyvatsuparamp(斜坡)andacrossthewalkway.Oneday,Hersheywaswalkingbackwardonthewalkwaywhilemygrandfatherwaspushingavatofchocolateuptheramp.Bump.Clunk.Ker-plop!
Hersheyfellbackwardintothevat.Everyoneelseheldtheirbreathandranuptopullhimout.Grandfatherfrozeinfear.Washegoingtolosehisjob?
Hersheystoodstifflywithhishandsonhiships.Colorroseinhisface.Hesaidsomethinginalowvoice.Thenhesmiled.“It’snotyourfault,son,”hesaid.“IneedtowatchwhereI’mgoing.”Heputsomechocolateinhismouth.“Mmm,that’sgood,”hesaid.Everyonelaughed.Thetourcontinued,withHersheydrippingchocolateashewent.AndGrandfatherkepthisjob.
1.WhatdidGrandfatherdoinHershey’sfactory?
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2.Whydidn’tHersheyfireGrandfather?
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3.WhatdoestheincidentshowusaboutHershey?
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(2009湖南卷)「参考答案」
1.Hepushedthevatsofwarmchocolatetoastoragearea.
2.Becauseherealizeditwashisownfault.
BecauseherealizeditwasnotGrandfather’sfault/mistake.
3.(Itshowsusthat)Hersheywaspleasant,humorous,kind(toothers)andreallyrespectable.
NO.4
OnChristmasmorning,Lindawakesup,andtriestoimaginethewide-eyedsurpriseofchildreninanotherhouseholdasthey unwrapthepresentsshecarefullychoseforthem.Lindahasnevermetthechildren,butthat’sallpartofthejoyofgivingassecretSantas,shesays.
“It'sanamazingfeelingtobuygiftsonananonymous(匿名的)basis,”saysLinda.
“Itbringsawholenewmeaningtotheholidays.”
LindaandTonyareanAmericancouplelivinginToronto,Canada,andLindadidcharitableworkasamemberoftheAmericanWomen’sClubofToronto.Asthenamesuggests,membersareU.S.citizenslivinginToronto,whojointogetherforfellowshipandcommunityservice.
Tofindher“adopted”family,Lindagoestothelocalschoolsandrequestsawishlistforafamilythat’sstrugglingtosurvive.Lastyearshehelpedasinglemotherwiththreechildren.Themotherworksasacleaningladyinanursinghome.
“Thelistisalwaysheartbreaking.Theyhaveanopportunitytoaskforanythinganddojusttheopposite,askingforbasicclothesorsimpletoys,”shesays.“Wealwaysbuythekidsanewwintercoat,hats,andgloves.”Shealsobuysgiftsfortheparents.
LastyearLindaaskedthemotherforasecondwishlist-onethatdidn’tincludethebasics.“EverychildshouldhaveaChristmasthatstickswiththemforalifetime.”ShepurchasediPodsforthetwoolderchildren andavideogamesystemfortheyoungest.“Ihavelearnedaveryvaluablelessoninallofthis,”saysLinda.“Payattentiontowhat’sgoingoninyourownbackyard-nomatterwhereyoulive.”
ThejoyofgivingassecretSantasismuchsweeterwhenthegiftisanonymous.
1.WhatreactiondoesLindaimaginethechildrenwillhave?
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2.WhydidLindajointheAmericanWomen'sClubofToronto?
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3.WhydidLindaaskforasecondwishlist?
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4.Whatkindofpeopledoes"secretSantas"inthepassagereferto?
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(2010湖南卷) 「参考答案」
1.Theywillfeelgreatlysurprised.
2.Shejoineditforfellowshipandcommunityservice.
3.Shewantedtogivethechildrensomeothergiftsratherthanthebasics.
4.ItreferstopeoplewhogiveawayanonymousgiftsonChristmas.
NO.5
Nowletuslookathowweread.Whenwereadaprintedtext,oureyesmoveacrossapageinshort,jerk