广州版7年级英语上册U1语法特殊疑问词和冠词.docx
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广州版7年级英语上册U1语法特殊疑问词和冠词
初一英语语法学案
Unit1特殊疑问词和冠词
Warm-up:
Reading
MynameisPeter.I’mastudent.Iam14yearsoldnowandI’m165cmtall.Iamtheonlychildinmyfamily.IliveinGuangzhouwithmyparents.IgotoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.Ilikemusicverymuch.Myhobbyisplayingtheguitar.Ienjoycollectingstampsanddancing.Ifyouwanttobemyfriend,writetome.Myaddressis78RenminRoad,Guangzhou.Thanks.
考
纲
要
求
1.掌握特殊疑问句与一般疑问句的区别;
2.掌握各个特殊疑问词的表达法和运用;
3.掌握定冠词和不定冠词的表达方式和用法;
4.掌握冠词的特殊用法,如零冠词的表达。
命题规律
一般来说,冠词考查的内容主要集中在不定冠词和定冠词的构成及其用法上。
一、重难点
1)特殊疑问句与一般疑问句的区别;
2)各个特殊疑问词的意思和运用;
3)特殊疑问词表达的两种结构;
4)不定冠词a和an的区别;
5)定冠词the的运用;
6)零冠词的用法;
7)不定冠词的固定搭配
二、精讲点拨
1.特殊疑问句与一般疑问句的区别
特殊疑问句就句中某一部分提问的疑问句,叫做特殊疑问句。
特殊疑问句句首用疑问词,句末声调下降。
它与一般疑问句的区别在于:
特殊疑问句不可用yes或no来回答,一般疑问句则用yes或no来回答。
【即时即练】
根据实际情况回答下列的问题:
(1)Whereareyoufrom?
____________________________________________________
(2)AreyoufromAmerica?
____________________________________________________
2.各个特殊疑问词的意思和运用
1)疑问代词
who谁(作主语和表语)
whom谁(作宾语)
whose谁的(作主语,表语,宾语和定语)
which哪个,哪些(作主语,表语,宾语和定语)
what什么(作主语,表语,宾语和定语)
【注】疑问代词都属于第三人称,一般为单数,有时也代表复数。
what,whose,which作定语时,它们所修饰的名词必须放在它们之后。
2)疑问副词(用作状语)
when何时where何地why为什么
how如何howmuch多少howmany多少
howlong多久howold多大年纪howfar多远
howbig多大
【即时即练】
用合适的疑问词填空
(1)---_________doesyourmotherdo?
---Sheisateacher.
(2)---__________isTom?
---Intheclassroom.
(3)---__________isyourlittlesister?
---Sheissixyearsold.
(4)---___________doesyourfathergotoworkeveryday?
---Atabout7:
30.
(5)---___________studentsarethereinyourclass?
---Forty-five.
(6)---___________classareyouin,Class1orClass2?
---Class2.
(7)---___________doyouwanttomakefriendswithAnna?
---Becausesheisveryfriendly.
(8)---___________isyourbestfriend?
---Mary.
(9)---____________bagisthis?
---It’sJohn’s.
(10)---___________doesyourbrothergotoschool?
---Hegoestoschoolonfoot.
3.特殊疑问句的两种结构
第一种结构(与陈述句的词序同)
a)疑问词(who,what,which,whose)作主语。
如:
Whoisthere?
Whatisinthebox?
Whichismine?
b)疑问词(what,which,whose)作定语用来修饰主语。
如:
Whatbooksareonthedesk?
Whichbookismine?
Whosebookisonthedesk?
第二种结构(疑问词+一般疑问句的词序)
a)疑问词作宾语
如:
Whomareyoutalkingto?
Whatareyoudoing?
Whichdoyouwant?
b)疑问词作表语。
如:
Whoishe?
他是谁?
Whatisthat?
那是什么?
Whoseisthis?
这是谁的?
c)疑问词作定语(其所修饰的成分是宾语或表语)。
如:
Whatmagazineshaveyou?
你有什么杂志?
Whosebookisthis?
这是谁的书?
Whichonedoyouwant?
你是哪一个?
d)疑问词作状语。
如:
Whendidyoucomeback?
你什么时候回来的?
Wheredidyougo?
你上哪儿去了?
Howdidyoucomeback?
你怎么回来的?
4.不定冠词a和an的用法:
1)a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,如:
aboy,auniversitystudent
2)an用在以元音音素开头的单词前,如:
anapple,anhonestboy
【即时即练】
选用a或an填空
(1)Mybrotheris__________doctor.
(2)Thisis___________oldman.
(3)Jackwantstobe___________engineer.
(4)MissLiuis__________nicenurse.
(5)_________friendlygirlsitsnearme.
(6)Iwillcomebackinhalf__________hour.
(7)Wehavethreemeals__________day.
(8)Tonyis_________honeststudent.
(9)What__________interestingbookitis!
(10)Mydreamistobe_________goodengineer.
5.定冠词the的用法:
1)the用于特指的人或物前。
如:
Openthewindow,please.
MayIusethecomputer?
2)the用于上文提到的人或物前。
如:
Peterhasadog.Thedogisveryclever.
Thereisabookonthedesk.Thebookisveryinteresting.
3)the用于世上独一无二的名称前。
如:
Theearthmovesaroundthesun.
Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.
4)the用于表示方位、时间、乐器的名词前。
如:
Peteristheboyontheleft.
Marytakesexerciseinthemorning.
Rosecanplaythepiano.
5)the用于姓氏复数形式前。
如:
TheGreensarefromEngland.
TheBrownshaveaholidayinWales.
6)the用于形容词最高级和序数词前。
如:
Iliveonthethirdfloor.
Sheisthemostbeautifulgirlinourclass.
7)the与某些形容词连用表示“人”
如:
Therichhavealotofmoney.
Weshouldhelptheold.
【即时即练】
(1)Look!
________manoverthereisLiLei’sfather.
A.AnB.AC.TheD./
(2)Lilyplays________guitarverywell.
A.theB.aC./D.an
(3)Don’tmake_________samemistake(错误)forthesecondtimein________day.
A.a;theB.the;aC.the;theD.a;a
(4)________Greensaregoingtovisit_________SummerPalacenextweek.
A.The;theB./;theC.a;/D.an;/
(5)Ioftengetupat7:
00in_________morning,thenhave_________breakfastinahurry.
A.the;/B.the;theC./;/D.the;/
(6)Herroomison_________secondfloor.
A.aB.anC.theD./
6.零冠词的用法:
1)球类、学科和三餐的名词前。
如:
Tomlikesplayingbasketball.
Mathsismyfavouritesubject.
Ihavelunchatschooleveryday.
2)星期、月份和季节的名词前。
如:
WearegoingtogoshoppingonSunday.
IamgoingtoEuropenextApril.
Areyougoingtohaveaholidaythissummer?
3)交通工具和特定节日的名词前。
如:
Igotoworkbybuseveryday.
IusuallyreceivemanypresentsonChristmasEve.
【即时即练】
(1)---Whatdayisittoday?
---It’s________Wednesday.
A.aB.theC.anD./
(2)---Areyou_________ChineseorAmerican?
---Chinese.ButIwasbroughtup(成长)inNewYork.
A.aB.anC./D.the
(3)March8is_________Women’sDay.
A./B.theC.aD.an
(4)DoesMissLigotoworkby________busoron________foot?
A.the;/B.a;/C.an;theD./;/
(5)Lucyisinterestedinlisteningto_________musicon________radio.
A./;theB.the;/C.an;theD.a;the
(6)---Willyougetthereby________train?
---No,I’lltake________taxi.
A./;aB./;/C.a;theD.the;a
(7)Peopleoftengoskatingin_________winter.
A./B.aC.anD.the
(8)---Whatdoyouliketodoafterschool?
---Ilikeplaying_________chesswithmyfather.
A.aB.anC.theD./
7.固定搭配
alittle一点alotof许多goforawalk去散步
haveabath洗澡haveacold感冒haveagoodtime过得愉快
havealook看一看takearest休息一会儿keepadiary记日记
三、巩固提升
(一)单项选择
()1.---doyougoswimming?
---Inthemorning.
A.WhenB.WhatC.WhereD.Who
(
)2.---_______istheboyinblue?
---He’sJack.
A.WhenB.WhatC.WhereD.Who
()3.---_______isthediary?
---It’sunderthechair.
A.WhenB.WhatC.WhereD.Who
()4.---doyougotoschool?
---Igotoschoolbybus.
A.WhenB.WhatC.WhereD.How
()5.---doyoudance?
---It’sforanhour.
A.WhenB.WhatC.WhereD.Howlong
()6.Canyouplay__________violin?
A.aB.anC.theD./
()7.Mr.Blackteachesushowtoplay__________basketball.
A.aB.anC.theD./
()8.Mymomgoestoworkby__________buseveryday.
A.aB.anC.theD./
()9.Weshouldhelp__________old.
A.aB.anC.theD./
()10.__________richhasalotofmoney.
A.AB.AnC.TheD./
()11.MrBlackwillcomebackin________hourand________half.
A.an;aB.an;theC.a;aD.an;an
()12.Theword“mouth”has________“m”,________“u”and_________“h”init.
A.an;an;aB.a;an;aC.an;a;anD.a;an;a
()13.What________fineweatheritis!
A.aB.anC.theD./
()14.Wehavemealsthreetimes________day.
A.anB.aC./D.the
()15.Heis_________universitystudentandhecomesfrom_________islandinEngland.
A.an;anB.an;aC.a;anD.a;a
()16.Youaresotired,andyouhavetotake________rest.
A.anB.aC./D.the
(二)翻译下列短语
1.一位科学家___________________________
2.一位老年科学家___________________________
3.一位老师___________________________
4.一位美术老师___________________________
5.一间办公室___________________________
6.一间小办公室___________________________
7.一个网友___________________________
8.一个加拿大网友___________________________
9.一位工程师___________________________
10.一位重要的工程师___________________________
(三)就划线部分提问
1.TomisfromGermany.
________________________________________________________
2.Myelderbrotheris15yearold.
________________________________________________________
3.Lilywantstobeanengineer.
________________________________________________________
4.Hehasbreadandmilkforbreakfast.
________________________________________________________
5.Therearesixpeopleinmyfamily.
________________________________________________________
6.Annagoestobedat10:
00.
________________________________________________________
7.TheseareTony’sbooks.
________________________________________________________
8.Samgoestoschoolbybus.
________________________________________________________
9.Ilikethisfilmbecauseit’sinteresting.
________________________________________________________
10.Helikesgreen.
________________________________________________________
四、课后拓展
完形填空
I’mTom.I’mastudentinamiddleschool.I’mgladtomeetyouhere.First,letme__1__yousomethingaboutmyfamily.
There’refivepeopleinmy__2__:
mymother,myfather,mysister,mybrotherandI.Myfatherisanoldworker.My__3__isateacherofEnglish.Mysisteriseighteenandmybrotherissixteen.I’mfourteen.We__4__areinthesamemiddleschool.Weallstudyhard.
MyhomeisatWestHill.Abigriverisnearour__5__.Andahillisbehindit.There’sapeartreeandsome__6__treesaroundourhouse.__7__therearen’tanypearsorapples__8__them.
Here’sa__9__ofmyhouse.Inthephoto,youcanseethreecatsareinthelivingroom.Oneiswhite,theother__10__areblackandwhite.Welikethemverymuch.
()1.A.sayB.tellC.talkD.speak
()2.A.schoolB.classC.houseD.family
()3.A.fatherB.motherC.brotherD.sister
()4.A.twoB.fourC.threeD.five
()5.A.familyB.houseC.schoolD.room
()6.A.peachB.orang