专八英语改错试题考前必练.docx
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专八英语改错试题考前必练
2021专八英语改错试题考前必练
试题1
Weuselanguageeveryday.Weliveinaworldofwords.Hardlyanymomentpasseswithsomeonetalking,writingorreading.Indeed,__1__languagesismostessentialtomankind.Ourlivesincreasinglydependonfastandsuccessfuluseoflanguage.Strangelyenough,weknow__2__moreaboutthingsaroundusthanonourselves.Forexample,language__3__isspeciesspecific,thatis,itislanguagethatdiffershumanfrom__4__animals.However,wedonotknowyethowexactlyweinquirelanguage__5__andhowitispossibleforustoperceivethroughlanguage;norwe__6__understandpreciselythecombinationsbetweenlanguageandthought,__7__languageandlogic,orlanguageandculture;stillless,howandwhenlanguagestarted.Onereasonforthisinadequateknowledgeoflanguageisthatwe,likelanguageusers,taketoomanythingsforgranted.__8__Languagecomestoeverynormalpersonsonaturallythatafew__9__ofusstoptoquestionwhatlanguageis,muchlessdowefeelthenecessitytostudyit.Languageisfarmorecomplexthanmostpeoplehaveprobablyimaginedandthenecessitytostudyitisfargreaterthansomepeoplemayhaveassured.Linguisticisabranchofsciencewhich__10__takeslanguageasitsobjectofinvestigation.
参考答案及解析:
1.with改为without。
”hardyanymomentpasseswithoutsomeone…”,两个否定:
without和hardly，意思是“每一时刻有人……”。
2.fast前面加the因为fastandsuccessfuluse这个词组后边有一个前置词短语oflanguage修饰use，所以被修饰的词前面加定冠词。
3.thanonourselves改为thanthingsonourselves。
在这里比较的是两件事：
thingsaroundusandthingsonourselves（我们周围的事物和我们自身的东西）。
第二个things不能省略，否则引起误解。
4.differs改为distinguishes。
语言区分人与动物，differ是不及物动词，后面不能带宾语，只能用介词，如：
Mandiffersfromanimalsinthatmanpossesseslanguage。
5.inquire改为acquire“习得语言”应该是acquirelanguage，名词短语是languageacquisition。
Inquire是“询问”的意思。
6.we前面加上do副词nor放在句首表示强调，应用倒装句，一般现在时强调句是在主语前面加助动词do。
7.combination改为relationships.语言和思维的关系，不是结合;语言和思维的关系是当代语言学研究的重要领域。
8.like改为as。
根据上下文，要表达的意思是“作为语言的`使用者”，不是“像语言的使用者”。
9.a去掉这里是否定的意思：
“我们没有多少人……”而不是“我们一些人.….”。
10.assured改为assumed.这句的后半部分意思是“研究语言的必要性比我们想象的要大得多”。
Assure译为“确保”;assume译为“假设”或者“想象”的意思。
试题2
Thegreatwhalesareamongthemostfascinatingcreatureswhich__1__haveeverlivedontheearth,andoneofthem,thebluewhale,isthelargest.Peopleinancienttimesthoughtwhalesasfearsome__2__monstersoftheoceandepths.Sotohuntawhale,whenoneoccasionallyswamtowardshore,hewashighadventure.People__3__foundtheadventurewasrewarding,too,fortheoilandmeatfromonewhalealonecouldheatandfeedavillageforawholewinter.
Whalesresemblehugefish.Theywerereferredbytheancientsas__4__“greatfish,”andanywhalebeachingalongthecoastsofEnglandwasdesignated“theKing’sfish”becauseitautomaticallybelongedtotheCrown.
Eversincethoseearlytimes,humanhavefeltwhalesasenseof__5__wondermixedwithanintensedesiretocapture,slaughter,andexploit.Nowtheslaughterhasreachedalarmingproportions.__6__EventhoughsomespeciesareprotectedbytheregulationsoftheInternationalWhalingCommissionandtheoreticallyallwhalehuntingisregulated,buttheearth’sstockofwhalesisstillbeing__7__depleted.Infact,somescientistsworrythat100yearssincenow__8__theremaybenowhalesleft.Ifthishappens,mankindwillbeblameforremovingfromtheearthforeveraremarkableand__9__awe-inspiringcreaturethatalwaysfedman’simaginationand__10__madetheworldamoreexcitingplace
参考答案及解析:
1.将which改为that。
先行词由最高修饰时定语从句的关系代词只能用that。
2.在thought后面加of，或者将thought改为regarded。
“thinkofAasB”，指“把A看作B”，为固定搭配。
3.去掉he。
这句话的主语是“tohuntawhale”，“tohuntawhalewashighadventure”。
中间的“when…”只是插入的状语从句。
4.在referred后加to。
“refertoAasB”只“把A称作B”，这句话的意思是“古人把鲸称作大鱼”。
5.在felt后加for。
这句话实际的结构是“feelasenseofwonderforwhales”指“对鲸怀有惊奇的感觉”，for引出对象。
6.在exploit后加them。
capture，slaughter，exploit都是及物动词，后面必须加宾语。
7.去掉but。
前面已有“eventhough”，后面就不应该再用but。
8.将since改为from。
“100yearsfromnow”指“从现在起100年后”since只能用于完成时。
9.在blame前加to。
“betoblameforsth”指“对某事应负责任”，为固定搭配。
10.在always前加has。
这个定语从句强调对现在的影响，很明显应该用完成时，不能用过去式。
改错题出现的错误经常包括：
语法;词汇;语篇1.语法包括英语的时态，语态，倒装句，虚拟语气，主，谓，宾在数，格，人称上的一致。
2.词汇方面，短文改错在用词上的错误主要集中在以下几个方面：
名次单复数，可数名词和不可数名词的差异，形容词与副词，连词与介词的误用，同义词的'混淆等。
3.语篇的改错旨在测试做题者在具体语境上下文中使用语法和词汇的能力。
从逻辑的意义上看，句与句之间的关系可以分为顺序，并列，时间，空间，层递，对比，转折，解释，因果，过渡，推论等。
最好的做法是先通读全文，结合上下文的逻辑关系回答问题。
试题3
Mostpeoplewoulddescribewaterlikeacolorlessliquid.They__1__wouldknowthatinverycoldconditionsitbecomesasolidcallediceandthatwhenheatingonafireitbecomesavaporcalledsteam.__2__However,water,theywouldsay,isaliquid.Wehavelearnedthatwaterconsistsofmoleculescomposedwithtwoatomsofhydrogen__3__andoneatomofoxygen,whichwedescribebytheformulaH2O.
Thisisequallytrueofthesolidcallediceandthegascalledsteam.
Chemicallythereisnodifferencebetweenthegas,theliquid,andthesolid,allofwhichismadeupofmoleculeswiththeformulaH2O.__4__Thisistrueofotherchemicalsubstances;mostofthemcanexistasgasesorasliquidsorassolids.Wemaynormallythinkofironasasolid,butifwewillheatitinafurnace,itwillmeltandbecomea__5__liquid,andatveryhightemperaturesitwillbecomeagas.Nothingverypermanentoccurswhenagaschangesintoaliquidorasolid.
Everyoneknowsthatice,whichhasbeenmadebyfreezingwater,canbemeltedagainbywarmedandthatsteamcanbecondensed__6__onacoldsurfacetobecomeliquidwater.Infact,itisonlybecausewaterissoafamiliarsubstancethatdifferentnamesareusedfor__7__thesolid,liquidandgas.Mostsubstancesareonlyfamiliarwith__8__usinonestate,becausethetemperaturesrequiringtoturnthem__9__intogasesareveryhigh,orthetemperaturesnecessarytoturnthemintosolidsaresolow.Waterisanexceptioninthisrespect,whichisanotherreasonwhyitsthreestateshavegiventhreedifferentnames.__10__
参考答案及解析:
1.改like为asdescribesthassth是把……描述成……的`意思。
2.改heating为heated在时间，条件，让步等状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语是一致的时候，可以将从句的主语和be的变化形式省略。
3.改with为ofbecomposedof意思为“包括，由……组成”
4.改ismadeup为aremadeupwhich指代上文中的thegas，theliquid，andthesolid，表示复数概念，所以要用are5.将第一个will去掉在时间条件状语从句和条件状语从句中要用现在时表示将来时。
6.by改为whenwhenwarm相当于whenitiswarmed7.改so为such8.改with为to短语familiarto后面才能接“某人”familiarwith是接sth9.改requiring为required过去分词短语作后置定语时，和被修饰的名词时逻辑动宾关系。
10.have后加been动词give和主语threestates是动宾关系
试题4
Thehunter-gatherertribesthattodayliveasourprehistorichuman__1__ancestorsconsumeprimarilyavegetabledietsupplementingwithanimalfoods__2__Ananalysisof58societiesofmodernhunter-gatherers,includingtheKungofsouthernAfrica,revealedthatone-halfemphasizegatheringplantsfoods,one-thirdconcentrateonfishing,andonlyone-sixthareprimarilyhunters,Overall,two-thirdsandmoreofthehunter-gatherer’scaloriescomefrom__3__plants.DetailedstudiesoftheKungbythefoodscientistsattheUniversityofLondon,showedthatgatheringisamoreproductivesourceoffoodthanishunting.Anhourofhuntingyieldsinaverageabout100edible__4__calories,asanhourofgatheringproduces240.__5__Plantfoodsprovidefor60percentto80percentoftheKungdiet,andno__6__onegoeshungrywhenthehuntfails.Interestingly,iftheyescapefatalinfectionsoraccidents,thesecontemporaryaborigineslivetooldagesdespiteoftheabsence__7__ofmedicalcare.Theyexperiencenoobesity,nomiddle-agedspread,littledentaldecay,nohighbloodpressure,noheartdisease,andtheirbloodcholesterollevelsareverylow（abouthalfoftheaverageAmericanadult）.__8__Ifnooneissuggestingthatwereturntoanaboriginallifestyle,wecertainly__9__couldusetheireatinghabitsasamodelforhealthierdiet.__10__
参考答案及解析:
1.将as改为like此处的意思是“像史前人类祖先那样生活”。
2.将supplementing改为supplementedsupplemented修饰diet，可以看作whichissupplementedwithanimalfoods的.简化形式。
3.将and改为or4.将in改为ononaverage是固定用法。
5.将as改为while或者whereas6.删掉for，或者将provide改为account此处provide是及物动词，后面不用介词for7.删掉第一个ofdespite做介词，后面直接接名词。
8.在half后加thatthat指代前面的bloodcholesterollevels，不能省略，因为这里是将部落成员的胆固醇含量与美国人的胆固醇含量相比较。
9.将if改为whereas或者while此处意思为“尽管没有人……,但是……”，是转折关系。
10.在for后面加不定冠词a。
试题5
AimlessnesshashardlybeentypicalofthepostwarJapanwhoseproductivityandsocialharmonyaretheenvyoftheUnitedStatesandEurope.ButincreasinglytheJapaneseisseeingadecline__1__oftheirtraditionalwork-moralvalues.Tenyearsagoyoungpeoplewerehardworkingandsawtheirjobsastheirprimaryreasonforbeing,butnowJapanhaslarge__2__fulfilleditseconomicneeds,andyoungpeopledon'tknowwheretheyshouldgonext.
Thecomingoftheageofthepostwarbabyboomandanentryofwomeninto__3__themale-dominatedjobmarkethaslimitedtheopportunitiesofteen-agerswho__4__arealreadyquestioningtheheavypersonalsacrificesinvolvedclimbing__5__Japan'srigidsocialladdertogoodschoolsandjobs.Inarecentsurvey,itwasfoundthatonly24.5percentJapanesestudentswerefullysatisfiedwith__6__schoollife,comparedwith67.2percentofstudentsintheUnitedStates.
Inaddition,farmoreJapaneseworkersexpresseddissatisfactionwiththeirjobsthandidtheircounterpartsinthe10countriessurveyed.Whileoften__7__praisedbyforeignersforitsemphasisonthebasics.
Japaneseeducationtendstostresstesttakingandmechaniclearning__8__overcreativityandself-expression.LastyearJapanexperienced2,125incidentsofschoolviolence,including929assaultsonteachers.
Amidtheoutcry,manyconservativeleadersareseekingareturntotheprewaremphasisonmoraleducation.LastyearMitsuoDetoyama,whowastheneducationminister,raisedhiseyebrow
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