医学专业英语14单元术语解释短语和课后习题答案.docx

医学专业英语14单元术语解释短语和课后习题答案.docx

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医学专业英语14单元术语解释短语和课后习题答案

Chapter1

HumanBodyasaWhole

MedicalTerminology

Learnthefollowingcombiningforms,prefixesandsuffixes

andwritethemeaningofthemedicalterminthespaceprovided.

1.ahormonesecretedfromtheadrenalgland

2.inflammationoftheadrenalgland

3.pertainingtomedicine

4.pertainingtobiology

5.pertainingtochemistry

6.pertainingtothebloodvessel

7.pertainingtocells

8.pertainingtomolecules

9.pertainingtothemedicineofthelivingthing

10.thestudyofthelivingthing

11.pertainingtothephysicsofthelivingthing

12.thestudyoftheheart

13.thediseaseoftheheart

14.therecordoftheheartwaves

15.thestudyofthehumaninnersecretionfromglands

16.pertainingtotheproductionofhormone

17.thestudyofinnerglandsecretion

18.theredbloodcell

19.thewhitebloodcell

20.thelymphcell

21.thestudyofcell

22.thestudyofchemistryofcell

23.thestudyofbiologyofcell

24.thestudyofembryo

25.thetumoroftheembryo

26.thestudyofthediseaseoftheembryo

27.thestudyofthehumaninnersecretionfromglands

28.pertainingtotheinsideoftheheart

29.pertainingtotheinsideofthecell

30.abovetheskin

31.abovetheskin

32.inflammationoftheskin

33.redbloodcells

34.instrumentofmeasuringredbloodcells

35.tobreatheoutthewastegas

36.todrivesomebodyorsomethingout

37.tospreadoutside

38.sththatproducesdiseases

39.thestudyofblood

40.bloodcells

41.thestudyoftissues

42.thestudyoftissuepathology

43.therapytreatment,hencetissuetreatment

44.pertainingtothebase

45.pertainingtothetoxin

46.pertainingtosymptoms

47.thestudyofbody’sautoprotectionfromdiseases

48.protectedfrom

49.deficiencyintheimmunesystemofthebody

50.substancefromtheadrenalgland

51.waterfromit

52.thestudyofsocieties

53.thestudyofurinarysystem

54.thestudyofcell

55.lymphcells

56.tumorofthelymphaticsystem

57.thestudyofthelymphaticsystem

58.thestudyofphysicalgrowth

59.adoctorofinternalmedicine

60.treatmentbyphysiologicalmethods

61.thenewgrowth,tumor

62.thestudyofmind

63.abnormalconditionofthemind

64.thestudyoftherelationshipbetweenpsychologyandbiology

65.aconditionofoveractivityofthethyroidgland

66.theconditionofunderactivityofthethyroidgland

67.theinflammationofthethyroidgland

apartthehumanbodyasabranchofmedicalsciences

69.cutopenthebone

cuttheheartopen

71.pertainingtothebloodvessel

72.inflammationofthebloodvessel

73.pertainingtothelymphaticsystemandthebloodvessel

KeytotheExercisesB.

1.（embryo）embryology

2.（process/condition）mechanism

3.（heart）cardiovascular

4.（color）chromatin

5.（secretion）endocrinology

6.（cell）cytology

7.（sth.thatproducesorisproduced）pathogen

8.（lymph）lymphatic

9.（thestudyof）psychology

10.（pertainingto）regular

LanguagePoints:

puttogether组成knownas叫做jointsbetweenbones关节

toprovidepointsofattachmentforthemusclesthatmovethebody牵动骨骼肌引起各种运动hipjoint髋关节flexible有韧性的cushioning缓冲replacedbybone骨化

onebonemovesinrelationtotheother两骨彼此靠近产生运动contents物质

nourishment营养物质function发挥功能

wasteproducts废物accumulate积聚

poisonthebody危害生命distributes运送

neededmaterials有用的物质unneededones废物

ismadeupof包括protect…againstforeigninvaders防止外来侵袭（See!

PowerPoint）

identical对等的receives吸收

traveledthrough流经forcedout压送

reenter流入directly直接地

channels管道filters过滤

larynx喉管trachea气管

twolungs左右肺verylargenumberof大量的

airspaces肺泡release释放出

extending延伸到brokendown分解

absorbedinto吸收进chewing咀嚼esophagus食管

KeytotheSectionBPassage1ExercisesB.

1.（Theskeletalsystemconsistsofbones,jointsandsoftbones.）

2.（Heartisgeneratedwhenmusclesarecontracted,whichhelpskeepthebodytemperatureconstant.）

3.（Thecirculationofbloodcarriesusefulmaterialstoallbodycellswhileremovingwasteones.）

4.（Oxygenisinhaledandcarbondioxideisexhaledintheprocessofrespiration.）

5.（Thedigestionoffoodinvolvesbothmechanicalandchemicalprocedures.）

6.（Theurinarysystemkeepsnormallevelsofwaterandofcertainchemicalsinthebody.）

7.（Thepituitaryisamajorglandlocatedunderthebraininthemiddleofthehead.）

8.（Thebraincollectsandprocessesinformationandthensendsinstructionstoallpartsofthebodytobecarriedout.）

9.（Themainfunctionofthemalereproductivesystemistogenerate,transportandkeepactivemalesexcells.）

10.（Thelargestofthebody’sorgans,theskinprotectstheinnerstructureofthebodywithacompletelayer.）

KeytotheSectionAPassage1ExercisesE.

1.cardiovasculardiseases2.functionofthepituitary

3.theurinarytract4.molecules

5.artery6.endocrinology

7.dyspnea/difficultyinrespiration8.saliva

9.histology10.bloodcirculation

11.hematology12.physiology

13.anatomy14.thefemalereproductive

15.nervouscells16.immunology

17.indigestion/poorindigestion18.voluntarymuscle

19.embryology20.psychology

SectionB,Passage2CellsandTissues

LanguagePoints

Organized组（构）成arrangedinto构成inturnaregroupedinto又进一步组成servesitsspecific有特定的bearinmind记住resultfrom源于billions亿万determind确立fiton合在一起bycontrast相比之下machinary机构

whilenormally在正常情况下functionwithgreatefficiency高效地发挥作用aresubjectto易于发生resultin导致millionth百万分之一

equal等于average一般aspeckbarelyvisible基本上看不见的一个小点Thesciencethatdealswithcellsonthesmalleststructuralandfunctionalleveliscalledmolecularbiology.从最小的结构及功能水平研究细胞的科学叫分子生物学。

livingjelly生命胶囊encloses覆盖isdone完成external以外的semipermeable半透性的phospholipid磷脂（膜）intact完整distribute分布diffusion扩散dissolved分解pinocytosis胞饮作用breaksloose分裂出来driftsinto进入variesfrom---to在---范围内变化dependingon取决于vanish消失stiffening增强剂glucose葡萄糖runthrough交织twiststhrough交织穿过

stacks堆appearto看来playapartin对---起作用hereditarytraits细胞特性strands条串toothinlystrung过于稀疏sphericalstructure球体状cavities孔穴coordinates协调

KeytotheExercisesB

1.cytology2.protoplasmmembrane

4.cellnucleus5.cytoplasm6.deoxyribonucleicacid

7.semipermeable8.molecularbiology9.carbodydrate

10.differentially11.tokeep….intact

12.ontheevidenceof…trait14.diffusion

15.transaction16.blueprint17.chromosome

18.pigment19.toexcretewasteliquid20.todisperse

21.impulse22.ribonucleicacid

KeytotheExercisesC

1.细胞质的各处以及沿着胞浆网有数量很多的核糖体。

2.位于细胞上的叫做“小穴”的小室收集化学信号，并把它们传送到细胞。

3.研究细胞的科学家已经确立：

一个细胞可能有一个网球那么大，也可能成千上万个细胞合在一起才有针尖那么大。

4.对于那些单细胞的有机体而言，这种液体是题细胞以外的水，即海洋、湖泊或小溪；但对于多细胞的生物而言，这种媒介就是生物体的一部分——对于植物来讲是它的汁液，对于动物来讲是它的血液。

Chapter2DiseasesandDisorders

MedicalTerminology

Learnthefollowingcombiningforms,prefixesandsuffixesandwritethemeaningofthemedicalterminthespaceprovided.

1.withoutsymptoms

2.lackofblood

3.pertainingtotheconditionoflackingshape

4.cuttingapartthebodyasabranchofmedicalsciences

5.examinationthroughseparation,takingthingsapart

6.aspecialistwhoseworkistocarryoutanalysis

7.thex-rayphotoofthebloodvessel

8.surgicalrepaieofthevessel

9.inflammationofthebloodvessel

10.destroysorweakensbacteriaorneutralizesthepoisontheyproduce

11.stimulatestheproductionofantibodies

12.destroysorinhibitsthegrowthofmicroorganismssuchasbacteria

13.sthtodowiththelungs

14.pertainingtotheurinarytract

15.pertainingtoheredity

enough;lack

17.nolongergenerate,produce,godown

18.ribonucleicacidwithoutoxygen

19.thecompleteknowledgeaboutapatient

20.completeseparationofwastematterfrom…

21.acrossmeasurementofaroundsurface

22.themachinewhichrecordstheheartelectricwaves

23.therecordofthemuscleelectricwave

24.therecordofelectricwaveofthebrain

25.withinaparticulargroupofpeople

26.toclosein

27.toswallowin

28.completeknowledgeofapatient

29.thestateofknowingsthbeforeitactuallyoccurs

30.recordofelectricwaveoftheheart

31.anx-rayphotoofthebloodvessel

32.anx-rayphotoofthemuscle（spinalcord）

machinewhichrecordstheheartelectricwaves

34.theinstrumentwhichmeasuresthetime

35.theinstrumentwhichmeasuresthebreath

36.theprocessoftakingX-rayphotograph

37.theprocessofusingultrasoundtodetecttheabnormalityofthebody

38.inflammationoftheliver

39.thecelloftheliver

40.pertainingtotheliverandstomach

41.inflammationofthecolon

42.inflammationofthestomach

43.inflammationoftheintestine

44.theprocessoftakingx-rayphotosofthebreasts

45.x-rayphotosofthebreasts

46.surgicalreconstructionofthebreasts

47.theinstrumentformeasuringamountofairbreathedintothelungs

48.theinstrumentformeasuringtemperatures

49.theinstrumentformeasuringpressure

50.theabnormalconditionofhardening

51.abnormalmindcondition

52.pertainingtoinfection

53.pertainingtothenerve

54.pertainingtothemucus

55.thestudyofdiseases

56.theinstrumenttorecorddiseases

57.germsthatproducediseases

58.atapeofcellofthebodydefensesystemdestroysinvaders

59.thestudyofhowthecellofthebodydefensesystemdestroysinvaders

60.surgicalrepairofthebloodvessel

61.surgicalrepairofthebone

62.surgicalrepairofthemuscle

63.statusofawomanbeforeherlabor

64.tomakestatementaboutthefutureevent

65.beforeitismature

66.pertainingtothelungs

67.thestudyofthelungs

68.inflammationofthelungs

69.thesciencewhichdealswithxrayorradioactivesubstances

70.pertaini