东大大学英语统考在线练习题20客观题.docx

东大大学英语统考在线练习题20客观题.docx

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东大大学英语统考在线练习题20客观题

1.  

AlbertEinsteinhadagreateffectonscienceandhistory,greaterthanwhatonlyafewothermenhaveachieved.AnAmericanuniversitypresidentoncecommentedthatEinsteinhadcreatedanewoutlook,anewviewoftheuniverse.Itmaybesometimebeforetheaveragemindunderstandsfullytheidentityoftimeandspaceandsoon---butevenordinarymenunderstandnowthattheuniverseissomethinglargerthaneverbefore.

By1994theyoungEinsteinhadgainedworldfame.HeacceptedtheoffertobecomeaprofessoratthePrussianAcademyofScienceinBerlin.Hehadfewduties,littleteachingandunlimitedopportunitiesforstudy,butsoonhispeaceandquietwerebrokenbytheFirstWorldWar.Einsteinhatedviolence.Themiseryofwaraffectedhimdeeply,andhesatunhappilyinhisofficedoinglittle.Helostinterestinhisresearch.Onlywhenpeacecamein1918washeabletogetbacktowork.

IntheyearsfollowingWorldWarIhonorswereincreasinglyheapedonhim.HebecametheheadoftheKaiserWhihemInstituteofTheoreticalPhysics.In1921hewontheNobelPrize,andhewashonoredinGermanyuntiltheriseofNazismwhenhewasdrivenfromGermanybecausehewasaJew.

1）. ThemainideaofParagraph1is______.

A.

thetimewhenpeopleknowEinstein

B.

thefeelingofanAmericancollegepresident

C.

thechangeinhumanthoughtproducedbyEinstein

D.

thedifficultyfacingteachersinunderstandingEinstein’sthought

正确答案：

C      满分：

2  分

2）. AccordingtotheAmericanuniversitypresident,______.

A.

everyoneunderstandsEinstein’stheorytoday

B.

Einsteinachievedmorethananyotherscientistsinhistory

C.

thetheoryofrelativitycanbequicklylearnedbyeveryone

D.

ourideasabouttheuniversearedifferenttodaybecauseofEinstein

正确答案：

D      满分：

2  分

3）. AccordingtoParagraph2,AlbertEinstein_______.

A.

wasafamouschemist

B.

headedaresearchinstitute

C.

wasfamousintheworld

D.

enjoyedreadingaboutwar

正确答案：

C      满分：

2  分

4）. Accordingtothepassage,Einsteindidhisgreatestwork_______.

A.

duringWorldWarI

B.

whenhewasyoung

C.

whenNazismrose

D.

between1906and1915

正确答案：

B      满分：

2  分

5）. Itmaybeconcludedthat______.

A.

 AlbertEinsteinwasforcedtoserveintheGermanarmy

B.

AlbertEinsteinhadnootherinterestsbesidesscience

C.

Germansusuallyhaveahighrespectforscience

D.

hisreputationwasruinedbecauseofhisworkduringWorldWarI

正确答案：

C      满分：

2  分

2.  

Adreamisonekindofexperience.Itseemsasrealassomethingthatactuallyhappens;initthedreamertakesactionsandreacts.Duringdreamsthebodyisasleepbutthethinkingpartofthebrainiswideawake.Infact,itismoreactivethanitsometimesiswhenthebodyisawake.

Onegroupofresearchersdecidedtoseewhatwouldhappeniftheystoppedpeoplefromdreaming.Assoonastheelectroencephalograph（脑电图仪）registeredadreampattern,researcherswokethedreamer.Theydidthisallnightforseveralnights,everytimethepersonstartedtodream.

Theexperimentrevealedthatpeoplewhowereunabletodreambecamenervous,easilyupset,andhungrier.Assoonastheywereabletosleepwithoutinterruptionstheylosttheirnervousnessandbecamenormalagain;however,theythenhadmoredreamsthanusual.Itwasasiftheywerecatchingupontheirdreams.

Tocheckthesefindings,theresearcherscarriedonacontrolexperiment.Againtheywokepeopleduringthenight,butduringnon-dreamingperiods.Thesepeopledidnotchangetheirdaytimebehavior.Andwhentheywereallowedtosleepwithoutinterruptions（打断）,thenumberoftheirdreamsdidnotincrease.

Experimentslikethesehavecausedscientiststoaskifdreamsserveapurpose.Researchersknow,forexample,thatsomepeoplewhogofordayswithoutsleepwillsufferfromhallucinations（幻觉）.Certainpeopleevenbegintoshowsignsofmentalillness.Someresearchersbelievethatpeoplebecomethiswaybecausetheycannothavetheirusualnumbersofdreams.Accordingtothistheorydreaminghelpspeopletoleadnormallives.

1）. Thispassageismainlyabout________.

A.

people’sneedfordreams

B.thedamagedreamsdotopeople’shealth

C.dreamsandrealities

D.therelationshipbetweendreamsanddiseases

正确答案：

A      满分：

2  分

2）. Accordingtothepassage,dreams________.

A.areconsideredtobepeople’srealexperiences

B.

helpcurepeopleofnervousnessandmentalillness

C.happeninthethinkingpartofthebrain

D.cannotgoonasbeforeafterthedreameriswoken

正确答案：

C      满分：

2  分

3）. PeoplewhosleptwithinterrupteddreamsshowedsignsofthefollowingsufferingsEXCEPT________.

A.nervousness 

B.

anxiety 

C.hunger

D.sleepiness

正确答案：

D      满分：

2  分

4）. Whenpeoplewerewokenduringnon-dreamingperiods,they________.

A.sufferedfromhallucinations

B.

feltupsetandnervous

C.hadmoredreamsthanusual

D.remainednormalintheirdaytimebehavior

正确答案：

D      满分：

2  分

5）. Thesentence“Itwasasiftheywerecatchingupontheirdreams”inPara.3probablymeans________.

A.theyseemedtodoastheirdreamsdadtoldthemto

B.

theyseemedtomakeupforthelossesofdreams

C.theyseemedtodreamlessbecauseoftheinterruptions

D.theyseemedtosleepmoreaftertheinterruptions

正确答案：

B      满分：

2  分

3.  

Soldiersandothermilitarypeoplewearuniformswithvariousothersymbolstoindicatetheirstatus.Butinthebusinessworldeveryonewearsmoreorlesssimilarsuits,andyoucannottellataglancewhorankshigherorlowerthananother.Sohowdopeopleinthebusinessworldshowtheirsuperiority?

Anattempttostudythiswasmadebytworesearchersusingaseriesofsilentfilms.Theyhadtwoactorsplaythepartsofanexecutive（经理）andavisitor,andswitchroleseachtime.Thescenehadonemanathisdeskplayingthepartofanexecutive,whiletheother,playingthepartofavisitor,knocksatthedoor,opensitandapproachesthedesktodiscusssomebusinessmatter.Theaudiencewatchingthefilmswasaskedtoratetheexecutiveandthevisitorintermsofstatus.Acertainsetofrulesaboutstatusbegantoemergefromtheratings.Thevisitorshowedtheleastamountofstatuswhenhestoppedjustinsidethedoortotalkacrosstheroomtotheseatedman.Hewasconsideredtohavemorestatuswhenhewalkedhalfwayuptothedesk,andhehadthemoststatuswhenhewalkeddirectlyuptothedeskandstoodrightinfrontoftheseatedexecutive.

Anotherthingthataffectedthestatusofthevisitorintheeyesoftheobserverswasthetimebetweenknockingandentering.Fortheseatedexecutive,hisstatuswasalsoaffectedbythetimebetweenhearingtheknockandanswering.Thequickerthevisitorenteredtheroom,themorestatushehad.Thelongertheexecutivetooktoanswer,themorestatushehad.

1）. Theexperimentdesignedbythetworesearchersaimedatfindingout________.

A.

 howbusinessisconductedbyanexecutiveandavisitor

B.howtotellthedifferencesbetweenanexecutiveandavisitor

C.howtotellbusinessmenataglance

D. howbusinessmenindicatestatus

正确答案：

D      满分：

2  分

2）. Whichofthestatementscanbestsumupthepassage?

A.

Theexecutivehasahigherstatusthanthevisitor.

B.Militarypeoplewearuniformsbutthebusinessmendonot.

C.Astudyrevealingasetofrulesaboutthestatusofbusinessmen.

D.Itisagoodmethodtouseaseriesofsilentfilminresearch.

正确答案：

A      满分：

2  分

3）. Havingenteredtheroom,thecloserthevisitorapproachestheexecutive,_________.

A.

thelessitaffectedhisstatus 

B.thelowerhisstatus

C.themoreitaffectedhisstatus         

D.thehigherhisstatus

正确答案：

B      满分：

2  分

4）. Thelongertheseatedmanwasinansweringtheknock,_________.

A.

thehigherhisstatus  

B.thelessitaffectedhisstatus

C.thelowerhisstatus                 

D.themoreitaffectedhisstatus

正确答案：

B      满分：

2  分

5）. WhichstatementisNOTtrue?

A.

Soldierswearuniformswithvarioussymbolssothatonecantelltheirstatusataglance.

B. Intheexperiment,oneactorplayedtheexecutivewhiletheotherplayedtheseatedman.       

C. Businesspeoplewearsimilarsuits.

D.Theaudiencewatchingthefilmratedtheexecutiveandthevisitorintermsofstatus.

正确答案：

D      满分：

2  分

4.  

   Brazilhasbecomeoneofthedevelopingworld’sgreatestsuccessesatreducingpopulationgrowth-butmorebyaccidentthandesign.WhilecountriessuchasIndiahavemadejointeffortstoreducebirthrates,Brazilhashadbetterresultwithoutreallytrying,saysGeorgeMartineatHarvard.

   Brazil’spopulationgrowthratehasdroppedfrom2.99%ayearbetween1951and1960to1.93%ayearbetween1981and1990,andBrazilianwomennowhaveonly2.7childrenonaverage.Martinesaysthisfiguremayhavefallenstillfurthersince1990,anachievementthatmakesittheenvyofmanyotherThirdWorldcountries.

   Martineputsitdownto,amongotherthings,soapoperas（通俗电视连续剧）andinstallment（分期付款）plansintroducedinthe1970s.Bothplayedanimportant,althoughindirect,roleinloweringthebirthrate.Brazilisoneoftheworld’sbiggestproducersofsoapoperas.Globo,Brazil’smostpopulartelevisionn