杨忠语言学概论课后综合测试题及中文版答案.docx
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杨忠语言学概论课后综合测试题及中文版答案
综合测试题
（一）
I.Indicatethefollowingstatementstrueorfalse.PutTfortrueandFforfalseinthebrackets：
（10points）：
（）1.Generallinguisticsisbasedontheviewthatlanguageasasystem,whichiscomposedofthreeaspects:
sound,structureandmeaning.
（）2.Thetotalnumberofwordsstoredinthebrainiscalledmorphology.
（）3.Thesentence“Thewomancan’tbearchildren”isstructurallyambiguous.
（）4.Categorizationreferstotheprocessbywhichpeopleuselanguagetoclassifytheworldaroundandinsidethem.
（）5.Metaphorscancreatesimilaritiesbetweenthetargetdomainandthesourcedomain.
（）6.Accordingtoreferentialcontent,deixiscanbeputintopersondeixis,placedeixis,timedeixisanddiscoursedeixis.
（）7.Phrasestructurerulesarerulesthatspecifytheconstituentsofsyntacticcategories.
（）8.ModalitycanbecategorizedintoprobabilityandUsuality.
（）9.Ageisnotthelearnerfactorthathasbeenanissueinsecondlanguageacquisitionresearch.
（）10.Register,asavarietyoflanguageinuse,isanalyzedonthreedimensions:
field,modeandtenor.
II.Multiplechoice:
（10points）
1.____________isthefirstandforemoststrikingfeatureofhumanlanguage.
A.creativityB.arbitrarinessC.displacementD.interchangeability
2.Syntactically,Japaneseis____________language.
A.analyticB.isolatingC.syntheticD.agglutinating
3.Thegeneralroleslanguageplaysaretermed
A.metalanguagesB.metafunctionsC.metadiscoursesD.metagrammar
4.____________isaprocessthatcreatesanewwordbydroppingarealorsupposedsuffix.
A.BlendingB.EponymsC.BackformationD.Clipping
5.Thesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguageiscalleda___________.
A.suffixB.prefixC.morphemeD.morph
6.__________theoriesarethosethatattempttoexplainacquisitiononthebasisofassuminganinnatebiologicalendowmentthatmakeslearningpossible.
A.EnvironmentalistB.functionalistC.nativistD.bothaandb
7.Wordsandphraseslikenow,yesterday,nextweek,inthreeday,etC.arecalled__________.
A.persondeixisB.timedeixisC.placedeixisD.discoursedeixis
8.Everysyllablehasa（n）__________,whichisusuallyavowel.
A.nucleusB.onsetC.codeD.rhyme
9.___________isdefinedasthestudyofmeaning.
A.linguisticsB.semanticsC.morphologyD.pragmatics
10.A___________isamixedlanguagewhichhasbecomethemothertongueofaspeechcommunity.
A.pidginB.creoleC.EsperantoD.naturallanguage
III.MatchthetermsincolumnAwiththephrasesincolumnBandputa,b…jintobrackets:
（10points）
A
（）1.Socialinguistics
（）2.AppliedLinguistics
（）3.Morphology
（）4.Phonetics
（）5.Linguistics
（）6.Syntax
（）7.Psycholinguistics
（）8.Pragmatics
（）9.Phonology
（）10Semantics
B
a.theanalysisofsentencestructure
b.theanalysisofmeaningincontext
c.theanalysisofmeaning
d.thestudyofsoundsystemsandpatterns
e.theapplicationoflinguistictheoriestootherspheres
f.thestudyofspeechsounds
g.thestudyoftherelationshipbetweenlanguageandsociety
h.thestudyofwordstructure
i.thescientificstudyoflanguage
j.thestudyoftherelationshipbetweenlanguageandmind
IV.Foreachgroupofsoundslistedbelow,statethephoneticfeature（s）theyallshare:
（10points）
1.[t∫][dз]2.[m][n][ɡ]3.[f][θ][s][∫][h]4.[d][n][z][l][r]5.[i:
][i][u:
][u]
V.Considerthefollowingwordsandfillintheform:
（10points）
Wordsanalyzednumberofmorphemestroublesomefreemorphemes
stepmotherpsycholinguisticsunderstatementantidisestablishmentarianism
VI.Interpretatethefollowingambiguoussentences:
（10points）
1.Theduckistoohottoeat.
（1）______________________________________
（2）______________________________________
2.Visitingfriendscanbeboring.
（1）______________________________________
（2）______________________________________
VII.Explainthefollowingterms:
（10points）
1.derivation2.learnerfactors
VIII.Answerthefollowingquestions?
（30points）
1.Whatisthedifferencebetween“aredandaredcoat”?
2.Whatarethefeaturesofmodernlinguistics?
3.AccordingtoAustin,whatdoesaspeechactconsistof?
综合测试题
（二）
I.Indicatethefollowingstatementstrueorfalse.PutTfortrueandFforfalseinthebrackets:
（10points）
（）1.AccordingtoM.A.K.Halliday,thethreemetafunctionsoflanguageareideationalmetafunction,interpersonalmetafunctionandlogicalmetafunction.
（）2.Dualityisthefirstandforemoststrikingfeatureofhumanlanguage.
（）3.ModalitycanbecategorizedintomodalizationandmodulationaccordingtoHalliday.
（）4.Morphologyisthestudyoftheinternalstructureandtheformationofwords.
（）5.Associativemeaningsaremeaningsthathingeonreferentialmeaning.
（）6.Secondlanguageacquisitionisacomplexprocesswhichinvolvessocialfactorsandlearnerfactors.
（）7.Varietiesofalanguageareoffourtypes:
thestandardvariety,regionaldialets,sociodialectsandregisters.
（）8.Functionallinguisticsisbasedontheviewthatlanguageasasystem,whichiscomposedofthreeaspects:
sound,structureandmeaning.
（）9.Euphemismisanexpressionthatsubstitutesonewhichmaybeseenasoffensiveordisturbingtotheaddressee.
（）10.Intonationisthevariationofpitchtodistinguishutterancemeaning.
II.Multiplechoice:
（10points）
1.Thelanguageusedtotalkaboutlanguageiscalled__________.
A.languageB.metalanguageC.naturallanguageD.artificiallanguage
2.[+continuant]specifies________________.
A.allthefricativesB.allthefricativesandglides
C.allthefricativesandliquidsD.allthefricatives,liquidsandglides
3._________isaprocessthatcreatesnewwordsbyputtingtogethernon-morphemicpartsofexistingwords.
A.CoinageB.BlendingC.AcronmymsD.Clipping
4.A__________isaminimaldistinctivelinguisticunit.
A.morphemeB.wordC.phonemeD.allophones
5.Theword“multinationalityhas___________morphemes.
A.2B.3C.4D.5
6._________isatermwidelyusedinsociolinguisticstoreferto“varietiesaccordingtouse”,incontrastwithregionaldialectsandsociolects,bothofwhichare“varietiesaccordingtouser”.
A.fieldB.modeC.tenorD.register
7.__________areafundamentalunitofconversationalstructure.
A.back-channelsignalsB.adjacencypairs
C.pre-sequencesD.insertionsequences
8.TheideathatpeoplecooperatewitheachotherinconversingisgeneralizedbyGrice（1975）as____________.
A.theprincipleofrelevanceB.cooperativeprinciple
C.thepolitenessprincipleD.thetheoryofprototypes
9.Beautyandsirenbothrefertoagood-lookingwoman,buttheydifferin__________.
A.affectivemeaningB.styleC.collocationD.register
10.“Johnexplainedthetheory”isa___________processaccordingtoHalliday.
A.materialB.mentalC.verbalD.behavioral
III.Completetheblankswithnecessarywordsbeginningwiththelettergiven:
（10points）
1.Specially,therearefourm__________undercooperativeprinciplegeneralizedbyGrice.
2.M__________isunanimouslyacknowledgedbyresearchersandlanguageteachersasanimportantfactorinsecondlanguageacquisition.
3.Aspeechactconsistsofthreedimensions.Theactofproducingameaningfullinguisticexpressioniscalledl_____________act.Theactofcommunicatingintentionthroughutteranceistermedi_____________act.Theactofbringingaboutaneffectisknownasp____________act.
4.Thetransferenceofpropertiesofthesourcedomaintothetargetdomainisreferredtobysomecognitivelinguistsasm____________.
5.C__________isaprocessthatshortensapolysyllabicwordbydeletingoneormoresyllables.
6.Amorphememayberepresentedbydifferentforms,calleda___________,
7.Thetermlanguagea___________referstothenaturalprocessofchildren’languagedevelopment.
8.Ad___________isavarietyofalanguagethatisdistinctivefromotherregionalvarietiesinvocabulary,grammarandpronunciation.
IV.MatchthewordsunderlinedinColumnAwiththetypesofEnglishwordformationincolumnB.Andputtheletteryouchooseinthebracketbeforethesentence:
（10points）
A
（）1.Thisvetisveryfamousinthetown.
（）2.Thisclassroomislargeandbright..
（）3.Heiswateringflowers.
（）4.Orlonisakindofclothmaterial.
（）5.Wattisthemeasurementunitofelectricity.
（）6.EECisanimportantorganizationintheworld.
（）7.Aneditorisapersonwhoeditsanewspaper.
（）8.Theroadwasenlargedlastyear.
（）9.Someyoungpeoplehavebrunchquiteoften.
B
a.Conversion
b.Derivation
c.Blending
d.Backformation
e.Acronym
f.Compounding
g.Coinage
h.Eponym
i.Clipping
V.Pickoutthesoundthatdoesnotbelongtothegroupofthesoundsaccordingtothenaturalclassofsounds.Andthennamethefeature（s）thatdefinetheonepickedoutandthegroupofsounds:
（10points）
Forexample:
1.[2.[3.[4.[5.[[z]voiced/voiceless_______________________[f][θ][z][s][m][?
][l][n][p][b][m][v][w][s][z][∫][dз][з][i:
][i][?
][u][e][i:
][?
:
][e][?
]]____________]____________]____________]____________]__________________________
VI.Drawtreediagramstoshowtheambiguityofthesentence,“HefoundhisbookonWallStreet”:
（10points）
VII.Explainthefollowingterms:
（10points）
1.languageandlinguistics
2.semanticsandpragmatics
VII.Answerthefollowingquestions:
（40%）
1.Howdoyouunderstandcreativity,oneofthefeaturesofhumanlanguage?
2.WhatdoTabooandEuphemismmean?
Whatistherelationshipbetweenthem?
3.WhatarethegeneralroleslanguageplaysaccordingtoHalliday?
综合测试题（三）
I.
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