GRE北美模拟试题01.docx
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GRE北美模拟试题01
2006年GRE北美模拟试题
(1)
1.Whenanoppressedgrouprevoltsagainstasociety,onemustlookforthe---forcesthatledtothegroup's---thatsociety.
(A)disparate..acknowledgmentof
(B)specific..dependenceon
(C)altered..redistributionwithin
(D)focused..interferencewith
(E)underlying..alienationfrom
2.Everynovelinvitesustoenteraworldthatisinitiallystrange;ourgradualandselectiveorientationtoitsmanners---infants'---totheirenvironment.
(A)imitates..welcome
(B)completes..introduction
(C)resembles..adjustment
(D)alters..blindness
(E)reinforces..resistance
3.Superficialdifferencesbetweenthespecialproblemsandtechniquesofthephysicalsciencesandthoseofthebiologicalsciencesaresometimescitedasevidenceforthe---ofbiologyandfortheclaimthatthemethodsofphysicsarethereforenotadequatetobiologicalinquiry.
(A)autonomy
(B)vitalism
(C)purposiveness
(D)obsolescence
(E)irrelevance
4.Asthecreationofnewknowledgethroughsciencehasbecome---resistancetoinnovationhasbecomeless---takingtheformofinertiaratherthandirectattack.
(A)controversial..sporadic
(B)institutionalized..aggressive
(C)essential..effective
(D)public..circumspect
(E)suspect..lively
5.Lizziewasabravewomanwhocoulddaretoincuragreatdangerforanadequate----.
(A)risk
(B)combat
(C)object
(D)event
(E)encounter
6.Rousseau'sshortdiscourse,aworkthatwasgenerally---thecautious,unadornedproseoftheday,deviatedfromthatprosestyleinits
---discussionofthephysicalsciences.
(A)criticalof..lengthy
(B)superiorto..austere
(C)bolderthan..intelligent
(D)consistentwith..unrestrained
(E)influencedby..uninspired
7.CertainlyMurray'spreoccupationwiththetaskofeditingtheOxfordEnglishDictionarybegotakindofmonomania,butitmustberegardedasa---oratleastaninnocuousone.
(A)tame
(B)tendentious
(C)meretricious
(D)beneficent
(E)sincere
8.GARBLED:
COMPREHEND:
:
(A)convoluted:
tangle
(B)obscured:
recognize
(C)emancipated:
free
(D)expunged:
excite
(E)determined:
placate
9.HEAT:
CALORIMETER:
:
(A)distance:
odometer
(B)gasoline:
tachometer
(C)wind:
velocity
(D)rain:
humidity
(E)ocean:
tide
10.ALLY:
WAY:
:
(A)patriot:
brawl
(B)crew:
ship
(C)spouse:
marriage
(D)peer:
class
(E)teammate:
game
11.EAVESDROP:
CONVERSATION:
:
(A)shoplift:
customer
(B)trespass:
property
(C)gossip:
discussion
(D)arrest:
suspect
(E)subpoena:
witness
12.PALPABLE:
TOUCH:
:
(A)malleable:
gild
(B)palatable:
ingest
(C)pliable:
mold
(D)edible:
cook
(E)appreciable:
please
13.SUBMERGE:
WATER:
:
(A)imprison:
walls
(B)immolate:
fire
(C)inter:
earth
(D)freeze:
ice
(E)besiege:
army
14.RUTHLESS:
MERCY:
:
(A)careless:
duty
(B)pallid:
subtlety
(C)insipid:
flavor
(D)onerous:
difficulty
(E)assiduous:
energy
15.MINION:
DEPENDENY:
:
(A)dilettante:
artist
(B)groveler:
petitioner
(C)coward:
criminal
(D)consul:
emissary
(E)vicar:
curate
16.PANEGRYIC:
PRAISE:
:
(A)oration:
prediction
(B)fiat:
condescension
(C)manifesto:
indecision
(D)stutter:
hesitation
(E)valediction:
farewell
ExtendeddebateconcerningtheexactpointoforiginofindividualfolktalestoldbyAfro-Americanslaveshasunfortunatelytakenprecedenceoveranalysisofthetalesmeaningandfunction.CulturalcontinuitieswithAfricawerenotdependentonimportationandperpetuationofspecificfolktalesintheirpristineform.ItisintheplacethattalesoccupiedinthelivesoftheslavesandinthemeaningslavesderivedfromthemthattheclearestresemblancestoAfricantraditioncanbefound.Afro-AmericanslavesdidnotborrowtalesindiscriminatelyfromtheWhitesamongwhomtheylived.BlackpeopleweremostinfluencedbythoseEuro-Americantaleswhosefunctionalmeaningandaestheticappealhadthegreatestsimilaritytothetaleswithdeeprootsintheirancestralhomeland.Regardlessofwhereslavetalescamefrom,theessentialpointisthat,withrespecttolanguage,delivery,detailsofcharacterization,andplot,slavesquicklymadethemtheirown.
17.TheauthorclaimsthatmoststudiesoffolktalestoldbyAfro-Americanslavesareinadequatebecausethestudies
(A)failtorecognizeanypossibleEuroAmericaninfluenceonthefolktales
(B)donotpayenoughattentiontothefeaturesofafolktalethatbestrevealanAfricaninfluence
(C)overestimatethenumberoffolktalesbroughtfromAfricabytheslaves
(D)donotconsiderthefactthatafolktalecanbechangedasitisretoldmanytimes
(E)oversimplifythediverseandcomplextraditionsoftheslavesancestralhomeland
18.Theauthor'smainpurposeisto
(A)createanewfieldofstudy
(B)discreditanexistingfieldofstudy
(C)changethefocusofafieldofstudy
(D)transplantscholarlytechniquesfromonefieldofstudytoanother
(E)restrictthescopeofaburgeoningnewfieldofstudy
19.Thepassagesuggeststhattheauthorwouldregardwhichofthefollowingareasofinquiryasmostlikelytorevealtheslaves'culturalcontinuitieswithAfrica?
(A)ThemeansbywhichBlacksdisseminatedtheirfolktalesinnineteenth-centuryAmerica
(B)Specificregionaldifferencesinthestylesofdeliveryusedbytheslavesintellingfolktales
(C)ThefunctionalmeaningofBlackfolktalesinthelivesofWhitechildrenraisedbyslaves
(D)Thespecificwaytheslavesusedfolktalestoimpartmoralteachingstotheirchildren
(E)Thecomplexitiesofplotthatappearmostfrequentlyintheslaves'tales
20.Whichofthefollowingtechniquesisusedbytheauthorindevelopingtheargumentinthepassage?
(A)Givingaclicheanewmeaning
(B)Pointedlyrefusingtodefinekeyterms
(C)Alternatelypresentinggeneralitiesandconcretedetails
(D)Concludingthepassagewitharestatementofthefirstpointmadeinthepassage
(E)Juxtaposingstatementsofwhatisnotthecaseandstatementsofwhatisthecase
Theenergycontainedinrockwithintheearth'scrustrepresentsanearlyunlimitedenergysource,butuntilrecentlycommercialretrievalhasbeenlimitedtoundergroundhotwaterand/orsteamrecoverysystems.Thesesystemshavebeendevelopedinareasofrecentvolcanicactivity,wherehighratesofheatflowcausevisibleeruptionofwaterintheformofgeysersandhotsprings.Inotherareas,however,hotrockalsoexistsnearthesurfacebutthereisinsufficientwaterpresenttoproduceeruptivephenomena.Thusapotentialhotdryrock(HDR)reservoirexistswhenevertheamountofspontaneouslyproducedgeothermalfluidhasbeenjudgedinadequateforexistingcommercialsystems.
Asaresultoftherecentenergycrisis,newconceptsforcreatingHDRrecoverysystems-whichinvolvedrillingholesandconnectingthemtoartificialreservoirsplaceddeepwithinthecrust-arebeingdeveloped.InallattemptstoretrieveenergyfromHDR's,artificialstimulationwillberequiredtocreateeithersufficientpermeabilityorboundedflowpathstofacilitatetheremovalofheatbycirculationofafluidoverthesurfaceoftherock.
TheHDRresourcebaseisgenerallydefinedtoincludecrustalrockthatishotterthan150℃,isatdepthslessthantenkilometers,andcanbedrilledwithpresentlyavailableequipment.Althoughwellsdeeperthantenkilometersaretechnicallyfeasible,prevailingeconomicfactorswillobviouslydeterminethecommercialfeasibilityofwellsatsuchdepths.Rocktemperaturesaslowas100℃maybeusefulforspaceheating;however,forproducingelectricity,temperaturesgreaterthan200℃aredesirable.
Thegeothermalgradient,whichspecificallydeterminesthedepthofdrillingrequiredtoreachadesiredtemperature,isamajorfactorintherecoverabilityofgeothermalresources.Temperaturegradientmapsgeneratedfromoilandgaswelltemperature-depthrecordskeptbytheAmericanAssociationofPetroleumGeologistssuggestthattappablehigh-temperaturegradientsaredistributedallacrosstheUnitedStates.(Therearemanyareas,however,forwhichnotemperaturegradientrecordsexist.)
IndicationsarethattheHDRresource-baseisverylarge.Ifanaveragegeothermaltemperaturegradientof22℃perkilometerofdepthisused,astaggering13,000,000quadrillionB.T.U.'softotalenergyarecalculatedtobecontainedincrustalrocktoatenkilometerdepthintheUnitedStates.Ifweconservativelyestimatethatonlyabout0.2percentisrecoverable,wefindatotalthatiscomparabletotheestimatedresourcebaseofallthecoalremainingintheunitedStates.Theremainingproblemistobalancetheeconomicsofdeeper,hotter,morecostlywellsandshallower,cooler,lessexpensivewellsagainstthevalueofthefinalproduct,electricityand/orheat.
21.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto
(A)alertreaderstotheexistenceofHDR'sasanavailableenergysource
(B)documentthechallengesthathavebeensurmountedintheefforttorecoverenergyfromHDR's
(C)warntheusersofcoalandoilthatHDR'sarenotaneconomicallyfeasiblealternative
(D)encouragetheuseofnewtechniquesfortherecoveryofenergyfromundergroundhotwaterandsteam
(E)urgeconsumerstodemandquickerdevelopmentofHDRresourcesfortheproductionofener