Introduction-to-Dentistr.ppt
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DENTALANATOMY,BYDR.MANISHAMISHRA,OralCavityEntranceofthegastrointestinaltractDentalarch:
alveolararchofthemaxillaandmandible4typesofteethIncissorCaninePremolarsMolars,Boundaries,Anterior:
LipsPosterior:
anteriortonsillarpillars(palatoglossalfolds)Lateral:
cheeksRoof:
palateFloor:
anterior2/3oftongue,Parts,OralvestibuleSpacebetweenthelipsandteeth/gingivaOralcavityproper-,Functions,SpeechRespirationDigestionChewingAesthetic,Landmarks,FrenulumMucobuccalfold(posterior)Mucolabialfold(ant)CanineeminenceParotidpapilla(stensonsduct)ExternalobliqueridgeRetromolartrigone,Landmarksonroof,Incisivepapilla:
coverstheincisiveforamenbetween2incissorsPalatinerugaeUvula,Landmarksonthefloor,TongueLingualsulcusFrenulum,Anatomyoftooth,Anteriorteeth:
IncissorsandcaninePosteriorteeth:
MolarsandpremolarsEachtoothconsistsof:
CrownThepartwhichprotrudesfromthegumRootPartembeddedintheboneNeckSlightlynarrowedregionwherethecrownmergeswithroot,Componentsoftooth,PulpcontainingneurovascularbundleDentineEnamelCementum,enamel,HardesttissueSurroundsdentinehighlymineralisedMainmineral-hydroxyapatite,dentine,DentineisthemostabundantdentaltissueDeterminesthesizeandshapeofteeth.Dentineisabone-likesubstancethatisformedbyodontoblastcellwhichmakesupmostofthestructureofthetooth.Dentineisfoundjustundertheenamelinthecrownandunderthecementumintheroot.,pulp,Connectivetissue,mainlyconsitsofodontoblastandfibroblastContainsneurovascularcomponentsThereisanastomosisbetweenarterioles&venules,cementum,CementumisaspecializedbonysubstancecoveringtherootofatoothCementumisexcretedbycellscalledcementoblastwithintherootofthetoothItscolorisyellowishanditissofterthaneitherdentineorenamel.AlveolarBoneMineralizedtissuethatsurroundstheteethinjaws,Periodontalligament,TheperiodontalligamentisaspecializedconnectivetissuethatattachesatoothtothejawboneFunctionHelpstoothwithstandlargecompressiveforceswhichoccurduringchewing,withoutdestructionoftheadjacentalveolarbonetoserveasasourceofsensation.(outercoveringofthetooth(enamel)hasnosensoryreceptorsitself.),gum,Mucous-membrane-coveredconnectivetissueattachedtoandsurroundstheneckandthealveolarbone.Edgesofthegumsaroundtheteetharefreeandextendintothespacesbetweentheteeth.healthygumispinkandtough.havelimitedsensitivityto-pain,Temperature,pressure,Bloodsupply,PeriodontalplexusInferior/superioralveolarvesselPeriostealvesselVesselfromadjacentmusculature,Nervesupply,Upperteethmaxillarynerve(Ant.Sup.Alveolar,middlesup.Alveolar&post.Sup.Alveolarnerves)Lowerteethmandibularnerve(inferioralveolarnerve),MandibleOnlymovingbonepresentinskull,HassocketsforlowerteethPartsBody&2RamiBody2surfacesExternal&Internal&2bordersUpper(Alveolar),Lower(Base)Ramus2ProcessesCoronoid&Condyloid,MandibularForamen-openingonthemedialsurfaceoftheramusObliqueLine-locatedonthesuperiorlateralsurfaceofthebodyMentalForamen-foramenforthetransmissionofthementalnerve(cutaneoustothelowerthirdoftheface)andartery,ThemandibleisthebodysupportforthemandibularteethAndisalsotheinsertionforthefourprimarymusclesofmasticationandtheaccessorymusclesofmastication.ItisthemovableportionoftheTMJarticulationwiththetemporalbone,TheMusclesofMastication-Thechiefmusclesofmasticationare:
Masseter.MedialPterygoideusLateralPterygoideusTemporalis.NerveMandibulardivisionofTrigeminalNerve,maxilla,Themaxillaisafusionoftwobonesalongthepalatalfissurethatformtheupperjawhassocketsforupperteeth,PartsBodyFourprocessesThezygomaticprocessThefrontalprocessThealveolarprocessThepalatineprocess,NOMENCLATURE,DECIDUOUSDENTITION:
Centralincisior=ALateralincisior=BCanine=C1StDecidiousmolar=D2ndDecidiousmolar=E,Deciduousdentition,PERMANENTDENTITION:
Centralincisior=1Lateralincisior=2Canine=31stpremolar=42ndpremolar=51stpermanentmolar=62ndpermanentmolar=73rdpermanentmolar=8,Permanentdentition,