英美文选每章简答.docx

英美文选每章简答.docx

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英美文选每章简答

二、综合题

1.Theperiodof          literatureextendsfromabout450to1066,theyearofthe          .

2.TheoldEnglishpoetrythathassurvivedcanbedividedintotwogroups:

       and          .

3.“Beowulf”atypicalexampleof         ,isregardedasthe          epicoftheAngle-Saxons.

4.GeoffreyChauceristhegreatestwriterofthe           periodinEnglishliterature.

5.GeoffreyChaucerwasentirelyrootedinthesoilofthe          ages,hisartissofullyrealizedastocarryhimbeyondhistimeandmakehimoneofthegreatestEnglishpoets.JohnDryden,whomodernizedseveralofCanterburytales,calledChaucerthe          ofEnglishpoetry.

6.HowmanygroupsdoestheoldEnglishpoetryfallinto?

Whatarethey?

7.MakescommentsonromanceasaliterarygenreinthemedievalEnglishliterature?

8.WhatisthecontributionofGeoffreyChaucertoEnglishliterature?

答案部分

二、综合题

1.【正确答案】 OldEnglish/NormanConquest

2.【正确答案】 religious/secular

3.【正确答案】 OldEnglish/national

4.【正确答案】 medieval

5.【正确答案】 middle/father

6.【正确答案】 twogroups:

thereligiousgroupandthesecularone.

7.【正确答案】 A.Romancewhichusesnarrativeverseorprosetosingknightlyadventuresorotherheroicdeedsisapopularliteraryforminmedievalperiod.

B.Ithasdevelopedthecharacteristicmedievalmotifsofthequest,thetest,themeetingwiththeevilgiantandtheencounterwiththebeautifulbeloved,withitsherobeingusuallytheknightandcharacterizationstandardized.

Thereisoftenaliberaluseoftheimprobable,sometimesevensupernatural,thingsinromancesuchasmysteriesandfantasies.

C.Romanticloveisanimportantpartoftheplotinromance,theromancereflectsachivalricage,“SirGawainandtheGreenKnight”isthebestromanceoftheperiod.

8.【正确答案】 GeoffreyChauceristhegreatestwriterofthemedievalperiodinEnglishliterature,itisChauceralonewho,forthefirsttimeinEnglishliterature,depictedacomprehensiverealisticpictureoftheEnglishsocietyofhistimeinhismasterpiece“theCanterburyTales.”Amedievalwriter,Chaucerboremarksofhumanismandanticipatedaneweratocome.Inhisworks,hedevelopshischaracterizationtoahigher levelbypresentingcharacterwithbothtypicalqualitiesandindividualdispositionsand,heintroducedfrom FrancerhymedstanzasofvarioustypesintoEnglishpoetrytoreplacetheoldEnglishalliterativeverse.

二、综合题

1.The          referstotheperiodbetweenthe14thandmid-17thcenturies,itfirststartedinItaly,withthefloweringofpainting,sculptureandliterature,fromItalythemovementwenttoembracetherestofEurope.

2.ItwasMartinLuther,aGermanProtestant,whoinitiatedthe         .

3.TheElizabethan        ,isthemainstreamoftheEnglishRenaissanceliterature.

4.WhenHenry8declaredhimselfthroughtheapprovaloftheparliamentasthesupremeheadofthechurchofEnglandin1534,the         inEnglandwasinitsfullswing.

5.BythemiddleofElizabeth’sreigninEngland,         hasbeenfirmlyestablished,withacertainextentofcompromisebetweenCatholicismandProtestantism.

6.        ,thefirstimportantEnglishessayist,isbestknownforhisessayswhichgreatlyinfluencedthedevelopmentofthisliteraryform.

7.“Ifhebenotapttobeatovermatters,lethimstudythelawyer’scases,soeverydefectofthemindmayhaveaspecialreceipt.”

Awhatdoes“beatovermatters”mean?

Bwhatdoes“receipt”referto?

Cfromwhichessaydoestheabovesentencescome,whatistheessaymainlyabout?

8.“..Solongasmencanbreath,oreyescansee,solonglovesthis,andthisgiveslifetothee.”

Aidentifytheauthorandthetitle.

Bwhatistheimplicationofthiswork?

Cwhatideadothetwolinesexpress?

9.“hereintheheartofhelltoworkinfire,ordohiserrandsinthegloomydeep.”

Aidentifythetitleandtheauthor.

Bwhat’sthemeaningof“inthegloomydeep”?

Cwhatdoesthepoemattemptstoconvinceus?

10.“Andeverasherode,hishartdidearne,toprovehispuissanceinbattlebrave”

Aidentifythepoemandthepoet.

Bwhatdoestheword“puissance”mean?

Cisthethemeofthepoem“ArmsandtheMan“?

Ifnot,tellyourpointandexplainitbriefly.

11.GivebriefanswerstothefollowingquestioninEnglish:

Humanism

12.Givebriefanswersto thefollowingquestioninEnglish:

Paradiselost:

whatarethecharacteristicsinthestyle.

二、综合题

1.【正确答案】 renaissance

2.【正确答案】 reformation

3.【正确答案】 drama

4.【正确答案】 Reformation

5.【正确答案】 Protestantism

6.【正确答案】 Francisbacon

7.【正确答案】 Amakethoroughexaminationsofthings

Bcure,prescription

COfStudies.Itisthemostpopularofbacon’sessays.Itanalyzeswhatstudieschieflyservefor,thedifferentwaysadoptedbydifferentpeopletopursuestudies,andhowstudiesexertinfluenceoverhumancharacter.

8.【正确答案】 AWilliamShakespeare’ssonnet18

Bthebeautyinpoetrycanlastforever.

CShakespeare’sfaithinthepermanenceofpoetry.

9.【正确答案】 AparadiselostJohnMilton

Binchaos

CthepoemtriestoconvinceusthattheunquestionabletruthofbiblicalrevelationmeansthatanallknowinggodwasjustinallowingAdamandevetobetemptedand,oftheirfreewilltochoosesinanditsinevitablepunishment.

10.【正确答案】 AtheFaerieQueene;EdmundSpenser

Bpower,prowess

Cno,“fiercewarresandfaithfulloves.”

11.【正确答案】 1HumanismistheessenceoftheRenaissance.

2ItsprangfromtheendeavortorestoreamedievalreverencefortheantiqueauthorsofGreekandRomanCivilizationbasedontheconceptionthatmanismeasureofallthings.

3Renaissancehumanistsfoundintheclassicsajustificationtoexalthumannatureandcametoseethathumanbeingsweregloriouscreaturescapableofindividualdevelopmentinthedirectionofperfection,andthattheworldtheyinhabitedwastheirsnottodespisebuttoquestionexploreandenjoy.

4Byemphasizingthedignityofhumanbeingsandtheimportanceofthepresentlife,theyvoicedtheirbeliefsthatmandidnotonlyhavetherighttoperfecthimselfandtoperformwonders.

12.【正确答案】 ItisthegreatestEnglishepicsince“Beowulf”,Longandcomplicatedlines,formalwords,Alotofcontrastsandparallels.Themeaningsofsomelinesarevague,itiscalledMiltonicvagueness.Thestyleisquietgrand.

二、综合题

1.ReadthequotedpartscarefullyandanswerthequestionsinEnglish.

Sometoconceitalonetheirtasteconfine,

Andglitteringthoughtsstruckoutateveryline;

Pleasedwithaworkwherenothing’sjustorfit,

Oneglaringchaosandwildheapofwit,

Poets,likepainters,thusunskilledtotrace

Thenakednatureandthelivinggrace,

Withgoldandjewelscovereverypart,

Andhidewithornamentstheirwantofart.

Truewitisnaturetoadvantagedressed,

Whatoftwasthought,butne’ersowellexpressed;

Questions:

A Whoistheauthorofthispoem?

Whatisthetitlefromwhichtheselinesaretaken?

B Whatideadoesthepoemexpress?

C Whatisthegreatsignificanceofthepoem?

2.ReadthequotedpartscarefullyandanswerthequestionsinEnglish.

Mygentlenessandgoodbehaviourhadgainedsofarontheemperorandhiscourt,andindeeduponthearmyandpeopleingeneral,thatIbegantoconceivehopesofgettingmylibertyinashorttiem. Itookallpossiblemethodstocultivatethisfavorabledisposition.

Question:

Aidentifythetitleandtheauthor.

Bbrieflyinterpretsthispassage.

3.ReadthequotedpartscarefullyandanswerthequestionsinEnglish.

 letnotambitionmocktheirusefultoil,

 theirhomelyjoys.Anddestinyobscure;

 Norgrandeurhearwithadisdainfulsmile

 Theshortandsimpleannalsofthepoor.

Question:

Aidentifythetitleandtheauthor.

Bwhat’sthemeaningofthispassage?

4.Questionandanswers:

Whatis“neoclassicism”?

5.Questionandanswers:

“RobinsonCrusoe”isuniverallyconsideredasDanielDefoe’smasterpiece.Discusswhyitbecamesosuccessfulwhenitwaspublished?

6.Questionandanswers:

Whatisthesymbolicmeaningofthe“Vanityfair”inBunyan’s“thePilgrim’sProgress”?

7.Questionandanswers:

Whatistheimplicationofthetitleoftheplay“SchoolforScandal”?

8.Topicdiscussion:

Enlightenmentmovement

二、综合题

1.【正确答案】 A AnEssayoncriticismbyAlexanderPope.

BHerePopeadvisesthecriticsnottostresstoomuchtheartificialuseofconceitortheexternalbeautyoflanguagebuttopayspecialattentiontotruewit.

Cthepoem,asacomprehensivestudyofthetheoriesofliterarycriticism,exertedgreatinfluenceuponPope’scontemporarywritersinadvocatingtheclassicalrulesandpopularizingtheneoclassicist traditioninEngland.

2.【正确答案】 AJonathanSwift:

Gulliver’sTravels.

BmygoodmanneranddeedshadmadesuchagoodimpressionontheemperorandhissubjectsthatIbegantohopethatIcouldbesetfreesoon.Itriedmybesttodevelopmygoodimage.

3.【正确答案】 AThomasGray:

ElegyWritteninaCountryChurchyard.

Bambitiouspeopleshouldnotmockthepoorpeople’slabourandtheirhumblelife,importantpeopleshouldnotlaughattheshorthistoryofthepoor.

4.【正确答案】 WiththeintroductionoftheenlightenmentmovementintoEngland,arevivalofinterestintheoldclassicalworkswasinfullswing.Thistendencyisknownasneoclassicism.Accordingtotheneoclassicist,allformsofliteratureweretobemodeledaftertheclassicalworksoftheancientGreekandromanwritersandthoseofthecontemporaryfrenchones. Theybelievedthattheartisticidealsshouldbeorder,logicrestrainedemotionandaccuracy,andthatliteratureshouldbejudgedintermsofitsservicetohumanity.

5.【正确答案】 ARobinsonCrusoeissupposedlybasedontherealadventureofanAlexanderSelkirkwhooncestayedaloneontheuninhabitedis