状语从句.docx

状语从句.docx

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状语从句

状语从句

由从句担任的状语，在句子中可修饰谓语（或其它动词）、形容词、副词或是整个句子，它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。

（一）时间状语从句

表示时间的状语从句可由when,as,while,whenever,after,before,till（until）,since,once,assoonas（或themoment）,bythetime,nosoonerthan,hardly（scarcely）when,everytime等引导。

e.g.WhenIcameintotheoffice,theteacherswerehavingameeting.

      Hestartedassoonashereceivedthenews.

      Onceyouseehim,youwillneverforgethim.

      NosoonerhadIgonetobedthanIwenttosleep.

（二）原因状语从句

      原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because,since,as,nowthat（既然）等，for表示因果关系时（它引导的不是从句）为并列连词，语气不如because强。

      e.g.Heisdisappointedbecausehedidn'tgettheposition.

             Asitisraining,Iwillnotgoout.

             Nowthatyoumentionit,Idoremember.

（三）地点状语从句

引导地点状语从句的连词是where和wherever等。

e.g.Sitwhereveryoulike.

      Makeamarkwhereyouhaveaquestion.

（四）目的状语从句

引导目的状语从句最常用的词（组）是so,sothat（从句谓语常有情态动词）,inorderthat,incase（以防，以免）等。

e.g.Speakclearly,sothattheymayunderstandyou.

      ShehasboughtthebookinorderthatshecouldfollowtheTVlessons.

      Heleftearlyincaseheshouldmissthetrain.

（五）结果状语从句

      结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。

由sothat（从句谓语一般没有情态动词）,sothat,suchthat等引导。

      e.g.Shewasill,sothatshedidn’tattendthemeeting.

             Hewassoexcitedthathecouldnotsayaword.

             Sheissuchagoodteacherthateveryoneadmiresher.

（六）条件状语从句

      条件状语从句分真实性（有可能实现的事情）与非真实性（条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情）条件句。

引导条件状语从句的词（组）主要有if,unless,so（as）longas,onconditionthat,so（as）faras,ifonly（=if）。

注意：

条件从句中的if不能用whether替换。

       e.g.Ifheisnotintheoffice,hemustbeoutforlunch.

             Youmayborrowthebooksolongasyoukeepitclean.

             SofarasIknow（据我所知）,hewillbeawayforthreemonths.

             Youcangoswimmingonconditionthat（=if）youdon’tgotoofarawayfromtheriverbank.

             Ifhehadcomeafewminutesearlier,hecouldhaveseenher.

（七）让步状语从句

      让步状语从句可由although,though,as,evenif（though）,however,whatever,whetheror,nomatterwho（when,what,）等引导。

注意：

as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。

      e.g.Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.

             Childasheis,heknowsalot.

             Whatever（=Nomatterwhat）yousay,I’llneverchangemymind.

（八）方式状语从句

      方式状语从句常由as,asif（though）,theway,ratherthan等引导。

      e.g.YoumustdotheexerciseasIshowyou.

             Heactedasifnothinghadhappened.

（九）比较状语从句

      比较状语从句常用than,so（as）as,themorethemore等引导。

      e.g.Ihavemadealotmoremistakesthanyouhave.

             Hesmokescigarettesasexpensiveashecanafford.

             Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.

（十）使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题

      1.在时间和条件（有时也在方式、让步等）从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。

      e.g.We’llgooutingifitdoesn’traintomorrow.

             I’llwritetoyouassoonasIgettoShanghai.

      2.有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步从句，如果从句的主语与主句主语一致（或虽不一致，是it），从句的谓语又包含动词be，就可省略从句中的主语+be部分。

      e.g.When（hewas）stillaboyoften,hehadtoworkdayandnight.

             If（youare）askedyoumaycomein.

             If（itis）necessaryI’llexplaintoyouagain.

      3.注意区分不同从句：

引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判别。

以where为例，能引导多种从句。

      e.g.Youaretofinditwhereyouleftit.（地点状语从句）

             Tellmetheaddresswherehelives.（定语从句，句中有先行词）

             Idon’tknowwherehecomesfrom.（宾语从句）

             Wherehehasgoneisnotknownyet.（主语从句）

             Thisplaceiswheretheyoncehid.（表语从句）

练习：

1.I’llletyouknow____hecomesback.

      A.before        B.because       C.assoonas       D.although

2.Shewillsingasong____sheisasked.

      A.if         B.unless              C.for                   D.since

3.Wewillwork____weareneeded.

    A.whenever        B.because         C.since          D.wherever

4.Readitaloud_____theclasscanhearyou.

A.sothat        B.if         C.when         D.although

5._____yougo,don'tforgetyourpeople.

A.Whenever    B.However          C.Wherever      D.Whichever

6.Itisabouttenyears_____Imetyoulast.

A.since        B.for              C.when         D.as

7.Theywillneversucceed,_____hardtheytry.

A.because      B.however           C.when               D.since

8._____stillhalfdrunk,he made hiswayhome.

A.When       B.Because            C.Though            D.As

9._____shewasverytired,shewentonworking.

A.As          B.Although          C.Even            D.Inspiteof

10.Busy_____hewas,hetriedhisbesttohelpyou.

A.as           B.when               C.since                D.for

11.IlearnedalittleRussian_____Iwasatmiddleschool.

A.though       B.although          C.asif             D.when

12._____wegottothestation,thetrainhadleftalready.

A.If                 B.Unless              C.Since           D.When

13._____therainstops,we'11setoffforthestation.

A.Before      B.Unless           C.Assoonas      D.Though

14.Shewas_____tired_____shecouldnotmoveaninch.

A.so,that      B.such,that         C.very,that         D.so,as

15.Wedidn’tgohome_____wefinishedthework.

A.since        B.until              C.because            D.though

16.I'llstayhere_____everyoneelsecomesback.

A.evenif             B.asthough         C.because            D.until

17.Althoughit'sraining,_____arestillworkinginthefield.

A.they          B.butthey           C.andthey           D.sothey

18.Speaktohimslowly_____hemayunderstandyoubetter.

A.since        B.sothat          C.for             D.because

19.You'llmissthetrain______youhurryup.

A.unless       B.as              C.if              D.until

20.Whenyoureadthebook,you'dbettermakeamark_____youhaveanyquestions.

A.atwhich       B.atwhere           C.theplace          D.where

21.We'dbetterhurry______itisgettingdark.

A.and           B.but              C.as                D.unless

22.Ididn'tmanagetodoit_____youhadexplainedhow.

A.until               B.unless             C.when               D.before

23._____hecomes,wewon'tbeabletogo.

A.Without           B.Unless          C.Except           D.Even

24.Ihurried_____Iwouldn'tbelateforclass.

A.since       B.sothat           C.asif        D.unless

25._____Icatchacold,Ihavepaininmyback.

A.Everytime    B.Though            C.Even            D.Where

26.What'sthematter_____theystillhaven'tansweredthetelegram?

A.when         B.that           C.though             D.however

27.Bringitnearer_____Imayseeitbetter.

A.although          B.eventhough      C.sothat             D.since

28.YoumayarriveinBeijingearly_____youmindtakingthenighttrain.

A.that                 B.though                   C.unless             D.if

29.Helenlistenedcarefully_____shemightdiscoverexactlywhatsheneeded.

A.inthat      B.inorderthat     C.incase       D.eventhough

30.Morepeoplewilleatoutinrestaurants_____theydotoday.

A.than                 B.when               C.while               D.as

31._____hardshetries,shecanhardlyavoidmakingmistakesinherhomework.

A.Much         B.However         C.As            D.Although

32.Poor_____itmaybe,thereisnoplacelikehome,_____youmaygo.

A.as;wherever     B.though;whenever     

C.inspiteof;when D.that;wherever

33.Thechildwas__immediatelyaftersupper.

A.enoughtiredtogotobed        B.tootiredtogotobed

C.sotiredthathewenttobed           D.verytired,hewenttobed

34.Thehistoryofnursing__thehistoryofman.

A.asoldas           B.isoldthan       

C.thatisasoldas   D.isasoldas

35._____borninChicago,theauthorwasfamousforhisstoriesaboutNewYork.

A.Since            B.Once       C.When           D.Although

36._____westoodatthetopofthebuilding,thepeoplebelowwerehardlyvisible.

A.As           B.Although         C.Unless         D.Inspiteof

37.ScarcelywasGeorgeWashingtoninhisteens_____hisfatherdied.

A.than             B.as           C.while            D.when

38._____Davidgoes,heiswelcome.

A.Whichever      B.However        C.Wherever       D.Whatever

39.Thehousestood_____therehadbeenarock.

A.which             B.atwhich           C.when               D.where

40.Small_____itis,thepenisamostusefultool.

A.because            B.so             C.if             D.as

41.Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced,thefactoryproduced_____tractorsin1988astheyearbefore.

A.astwicemany       B.asmanytwice   

C.twiceasmany D.twicemanyas

42.Thepianointheothershopwillbe_____,but_____.

A.cheaper;notasbetter              B.morecheap;notasbetter

C.cheaper;notasgood               D.morecheap;notasgood

43.Johnplaysfootball_____,ifnotbetterthan,David.

A.aswell           B.aswellas        C.sowell        D.sowellas

44.Althoughheisconsideredagreatwriter,

A.hisworksarenotwidelyread                      

B.buthisworksarenotwidelyread

C.howeverhisworksarenotwidelyread         

D.stillhisworksarenotwidelyread

45.___thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.

A.With             B.Since          C.While             D.As

46.—Whatwasthepartylike?

—Wonderful.It'syears_____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.

A.aft