中国石油大学专升本Visual FoxPro综合复习资料全.docx
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中国石油大学专升本VisualFoxPro综合复习资料全
《大学英语4》综合复习资料
PartIReadingComprehension
Passage1
ForcenturiesDutchengineershavebeenfightingawaragainstwater.Theirmainenemyisthesea.Alargepartofthecountryisbelowsealevel.Infact,Hollandisalsocalledthe“Netherlands”whichmeans“lowland.”Verytallandstrongwalls,calleddykes,havebuilttokeepoutthesea.Butinveryroughweathertheseamaysuddenlyburstthroughadyke.Greatdamagecanbecausedbyfloodswhenthishappens.
Threelargeriversarealsopartoftheproblem.TheseriversaretheRhine,theMaasandtheScheldt.TheyflowthroughHollandintotheNorthSea.Theyhavecutmanypassagesacrossthecountry.Atlowtides,theriversflowintotheseaasusual.Butathightide,theseacanflowintotherivers!
Thisisbecausethelandissolow.
Thebattlesagainstthewaterneverend,buttheyhavemadeHollandabiggerandbiggercountry.Inordertopreventfloods,theengineerstakeorreclaimlandthatwasunderwater.TheDutchhavebeenreclaiminglandforsevenhundredyears.
Landisusuallyreclaimedfromapassagebetweenislands.Twodykesarebuiltacrossthepassage,sotheyblockthewaterbetweenthem.Thentheengineersdiglongcanalsandpumpthewaterintothem.Atlowtide,thecanalsemptythewaterintothesea.
Becausethelandissolow,waterfromtheseaandriverscanriseupthroughtheground.Forthisreason,thepumpscontinueworkingeventhelandhasbeendrained(thatis,whenthewaterhasbeenpumpedaway).Thedykescontaingates,andthroughthesethewaterispumpedout.InmanypartsofHolland,pumpsmustbeworkingallthetime.Iftheystopped,therewillbeverybadfloods.
1.WateristhemainthreattoHollandbecause____.
A.theseaistooroughB.thelandislowerthanthesea
C.thehighandstrongdykescannotkeepthefloodsoutD.theweatheristoorough
2.“Netherlands”means____.
A.highlandB.landofwaterC.lowlandD.landofdykes
3.Hollandisthreatenednotonlybythesea,butalsoby____.
A.thefloodsfrombrokendykesB.thethreerivers
C.theseatidesD.manypassagesthethreerivershavecutacrossthecountry
4.TheHollandclaimlandfromtheseainorderto____.
A.preventfloodsB.maketheircountrylarger
C.maketheircountrymorebeautifulD.havemorefarmland
5.Ifpumpsstopworkingtherewillbeverybadfloodsbecause_____.
A.thewaterwillrunbackathightide
B.theseamaybreakthedykesinroughweather
C.thebattleagainstwaterwillneverend
D.thelandistoolowandwatercanriseupthroughthedrainedland
Passage2
Somepeoplebelievethatinternationalsportcreatesgoodwillbetweenthenationsandthatifcountriesplaygamestogethertheywilllearntolivetogether.Otherssaythattheoppositeistrue:
thatinternationalcontestsencouragefalsenationalprideandleadtomisunderstandingandhatred.Thereisprobablysometruthinbotharguments,butinrecentyearstheOlympicGameshavedonelittletosupporttheviewthatsportsencourageinternationalbrotherhood.Notonlywastherethetragicincidentinvolvingthemurderofathletes,buttheGameswerealsoruinedbylesserincidentscausedprincipallybyminornationalcontests.
Onecountryreceiveditssecond-placemedalswithvisibleindignationafterthehockeyfinal.Therehadbeennoisyscenesattheendofthehockeymatch,thelosersobjectingtofinaldecisions.Theywereconvincedthatoneoftheirgoalsshouldnothavebeendisallowedandthattheiropponents'victorywasunfair.Theirmanagerwasinaragewhenhesaid,“Thiswasn’thockey.HockeyandtheInternationalHockeyFederationarefinished.”ThepresidentoftheFederationsaidlaterthatsuchbehaviorcouldresultinthesuspensionoftheteamforatleasttwoyears.
TheAmericanbasketballteamannouncedthattheywouldnotyieldfirstplacetoRussia,afteradisputableendtotheircontest.Thegamehadendedindisturbance.ItwasthoughtatfirstthattheUnitedStateshadwon,byasinglepoint,butitwasannouncedthattherewerethreesecondsstilltoplay.ARussianplayerthenthrewtheballfromoneendofthecourttotheother,andanotherplayerproppeditintothebasket.ItwasthefirsttimetheUSAhadeverlostanOlympicbasketballmatch.Anappealjurydebatedthematterforfourandahalfhoursbeforeannouncingthattheresultwouldstand.TheAmericanplayersthenvotednottoreceivethesilvermedals.
Incidentsofthiskindwillcontinueaslongassportisplayedcompetitivelyratherthanfortheloveofthegame.Thesuggestionthatathletesshouldcompeteasindividuals,orinnon-nationalteams,mightbetoomuchtohopefor.ButinthepresentorganizationoftheOlympicsthereisfartoomuchthatencouragesaggressivepatriotism.
6.Accordingtotheauthor,recentOlympicGameshave____________.
A.createdgoodwillbetweenthenations
B.bredonlyfalsenationalpride
C.barelyshowedanyinternationalfriendship
D.ledtomoreandmoremisunderstandingandhatred
7.Whatdidthemanagermeanbysaying"...HockeyandtheInternationalHockeyFederationarefinished."?
A.Histeamwouldnolongertakepartintheinternationalgames.
B.HockeyandtheFederationarebothruinedbytheunfairdecisions.
C.ThereshouldbenomorehockeymatchesorganizedbytheFederation.
D.TheFederationshouldbedissolved.
8.Thebasketballexampleimpliedthat____________.
A.toomuchpatriotismwasdisplayedintheincident
B.theannouncementtoprolongthematchwaswrong
C.theappealjurywastoohesitantinmakingthedecision
D.theAmericanteamwasrightinrejectingthesilvermedals
9.Theauthorgivesthetwoexamplesinparagraph2and3toshow____________.
A.howfalsenationalprideledtoundesirableincidentsininternationalgames
B.thatsportsmenhavebeenmoreobedientthantheyusedtobe
C.thatcompetitivenessinthegamesdiscouragesinternationalfriendship
D.thatunfairdecisionsarecommoninOlympicGames
10.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthepassage?
A.TheorganizationoftheOlympicGamesmustbeimproved.
B.AthletesshouldcompeteasindividualsintheOlympicGames.
C.Sportshouldbeplayedcompetitivelyratherthanfortheloveofthegame.
D.Internationalcontestsareliableformisunderstandingbetweennations.
Passage3
Morethanhowmuchmoneycomesinit'samatterofhowyouspendit.That'swherebudgetingcomesin.Adetailedbudgethelpsyoukeeptabsonyourincome.Therearemanypeoplewhoareabletolivecomfortablyonwhattheyearn,eveniftheirincomeismodest.Abudget,therefore,keepstrackofincomeandexpenses.Itwillsegregateyourfixedexpenseslikeyourfood,stayandinsuranceandyourvariableexpenseslikeyourtravel,entertainment,etc.
Adequateinsuranceforyouandyourfamilyisanessentialpartofinvesting.Life,healthandpropertyinsuranceprotectyouandyourlovedonesfromunforeseenmishaps.Itisalsowisetomakeawillsothatyourassetscanbehandledsmoothly.
Goodpersonalfinancemanagementinvolvesinvesting,managingrisk,insurance,understandingandhandlingdebtandcredit,knowingthevalueoftimeandmoneyandensuringthatyourretirementistakencareof.Whileplanningyoumakeanassessmentofyourpresentsituationinrelationtoyourgoals.Managingpersonalfinancesbecomesahasslewhenyougetintodebt.Debtiswhatyouowe,andcanbegoodandbad.Ifyouhaveborrowedmoneytobuyproperty,itisaninvestmentandthemoneyyoupayagainstinterestontheloanistaxdeductible.Butrunningupdebtslikeoverduecreditcardsisnotgood.Thisiswhybudgetingisveryimportantsothatyouknowexactlywhereyourmoneyisgoing.Itisveryeasytolosetrackofwhatyouspendwithoutabudget.
Therearemultiplewaystoinvestandsaveforthefuture.Thecruxofthematteristokeepinmindyoursourcesofincomeandaccountforyourexpenses,whilekeepingabudgetthatisfeasible.Periodicalreviewkeepsyouincontrolofyourpersonalfinance.
11.Theword“modest”inPara.1probablymeans“____________”?
A.Honest.B.Mild.C.Average.D.Large.
12.Howmanywaysoffinancemanagementdoestheauthormainlymention?
A.3.B.4.C.5.D.2.
13.What’stheessentialpartofinvestingforafamily?
A.Sourcesofincome.B.Variousexpenses.
C.Adequateinsurance.D.Detailedbudget.
14.Howdoestheauthorthinkofdebt?
A.It'scompletelybad.B.It'sbothgoodandbad.
C.It'swonderful.D.It'snotmentioned.
15.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?
A.Howtomanagemoney.B.Howtospendmoney.
C.Howtoinvestmoney.D.Howtoloanmoney.
Passage4
Thecityhasalwaysbeenanengineofintellectuallife,fromthe18th-centurycafesofLondon,wherecitizensgatheredtodiscusschemistryandpolitics,totheLeftBankbarsofmodernParis,wherePicassotalkedaboutmodemart.Withoutthemetropolis,wemightnothavehadthegreatartofShakespeare.
Andyet,citylifeisn’teasy.Nowscientistshavebeguntoexaminehowthecityaffectsthebrain,andtheresultsaredepressing.Justbeinginanurbanenvironment,theyhavefound,impairs(损害)ourbasicmentalprocesses.Afterspendingafewminutesonacrowdedcitystreet,thebrainislessabletoholdthingsinmemory,andsuffersfromreducedself-control.Whileit’slongbeenrecognizedthatcitylifeisexhausting,thisnewresearchsuggeststhatcitiesactuallydullourthinking,sometimesdramaticallyso.
Oneofthemainforcesatworkisacompletelackofnature,whichissurprisinglybeneficialforthebrain