优秀毕业论文设计5万吨乙二醇生产工艺初步设计.docx
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优秀毕业论文设计5万吨乙二醇生产工艺初步设计
优秀毕业论文(设计)5万吨乙二醇生产工艺初步设计
石河子大学毕业设计
题目:
5万吨/年乙二醇
生产工艺初步设计
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5万吨/年乙二醇生产工艺初步设计
摘要
乙二醇是一种重要的石油化工基本有机原料,主要用于生产聚酯纤维、不饱和聚酯树脂、防冻
剂等。
目前.国内乙二醇的工业生产方法是环氧乙烷直接水合法。
我国目前拥有大小不等的环氧乙烷/乙二醇(EO/EG)装置11套,但是相比于国外的同类装置,
这些装置的工艺落后,能耗和水耗都较高,因此研究EO/EG工艺优化以降低生产成本,具有非常现
实的意义。
本设计主要是针对乙二醇工艺的缺点,采用比较新的反应精馏工艺,利用化工模拟软件ASPEN
PLUS对过程进行模拟优化,最后得到即可达到产品标准又可满足设计任务的结果。
同时还对主要
设备进行了选型,绘制了PID工艺流程图。
关键词:
环氧乙烷;乙二醇;反应精馏;ASPENPLUS;EO/EG
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50000tons/yearglycolproductionprocess
preliminarydesign
Abstract
Theglycolisanimportantbasicorganicrawmaterialsofpetrochemical,mainlyfortheproductionof
polyesterfiber,unsaturatedpolyesterresins,antifreeze,etc..Thepresent.Themethodsofindustrial
productionofthedomesticethyleneglycolisethyleneoxidelegitimatedirectwater.
ChinacurrentlyhasasizerangingfromEO/EGset11sets,butcomparedtosimilardevicesinthe
foreignandbackwardtechnologyofthesedevices,energyandwaterconsumptionarehigher,sothe
researchersEO/EGprocessoptimizationtoreduceproductioncosts.averyrealsense.
Thisdesignisfortheshortcomingsoftheethyleneglycolprocess,usingthenewreactivedistillation
process,theuseofchemicalprocesssimulationsoftwareASPENPLUSprocesssimulationand
optimization,andfinallygettomeetproductstandardsandtomeetthedesigntaskresults.Ofmajor
equipmentselection,drawthediagramofthePIDprocess.
Keywords:
ethyleneoxide;glycol;reactivedistillation;ASPENPLUS;EO/EG
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第一章文献综述...................................................................................................................................5
1.1简介..............................................................................................................................................5
1.1.1乙二醇物理性质...................................................................................................................5
1.1.2乙二醇的用途.......................................................................................................................5
1.2国内乙二醇生产现状..................................................................................................................6
1.3乙二醇生产技术现状及进展......................................................................................................8
1.3.1乙烯直接水合法...................................................................................................................9
1.3.2甲醛合成法............................................................................................................................9
1.3.3环氧乙烷水合法.................................................................................................................10
1.3.4碳酸乙烯酯法.....................................................................................................................11
1.3.5合成气法..............................................................................................................................12
1.3.6氧化偶联法.........................................................................................................................12
1.3.7多元醇加氢裂解法.............................................................................................................13
1.3.8反应精馏技术......................................................................................................................13
1.4反应精馏技术简介....................................................................................................................13
1.4.1反应精馏技术的应用..........................................................................................................14
1.4.2反应精馏的主要优点..........................................................................................................14
1.4.3乙二醇反应精馏工艺流程.................................................................................................15
1.5设计内容与目标.........................................................................................................................16
第二章工艺流程模拟.........................................................................................................................17
2.1设计任务书.................................................................................................................................17
2.2物性方法的选择........................................................................................................................18
2.3反应精馏塔的模拟优化.............................................................................................................18
2.3.1反应精馏涉及反应..............................................................................................................18
2.3.2反应精馏塔建模与参数设置..............................................................................................19
2.3.3反应精馏塔各项参数优化..................................................................................................22
2.3脱水塔的模拟优化.....................................................................................................................29
2.3.1脱水塔简捷计算..................................................................................................................29
2.3.2脱水塔严格计算.................................................................................................................30
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2.3乙二醇精制塔模拟优化............................................................................................................41
2.3.1乙二醇精制塔简捷计算......................................................................................................41
2.3.2乙二醇精制塔严格计算......................................................................................................42
第三章全流程模拟及生产任务校核.................................................................................................52
3.1全流程模拟及结果....................................................................................................................52
3.2生产任务校核.............................................................................................................................54
第四章设备计算及选型.....................................................................................................................55
4.1反应精馏塔设备计算.................................................................................................................55
4.1.1反应段操作条件及物性参数..............................................................................................55
4.1.2反应段尺寸计算..................................................................................................................56
4.1.3精馏段操作条件及物性参数..............................................................................................57
4.1.4精馏段尺寸计算..................................................................................................................58
4.2塔体尺寸计算............................................................................................................................67
4.2.1塔高的计算..........................................................................................................................67
4.2.2塔体和封头选材..................................................................................................................68
4.2.3塔体壁厚计算......................................................................................................................68
4.2.4塔设备质量载荷计算..........................................................................................................70
4.2.5基础环设计..........................................................................................................................72
4.3设备机械性能校核.....................................................................................................................73
4.3.1上封头校核..........................................................................................................................73
4.7.2下封头校核..........................................................................................................................73
4.7.3塔体强度计算汇总表..........................................................................................................73
第五章三废处理.................................................................................................................................74
设计总结...............................................................................................................................................75
参考文献...............................................................................................................................................76
致谢.......................................................................................................................................................78
附录.......................................................................................................................................................79
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第一章文献综述
1.1简介
1.1.1乙二醇物理性质
乙二醇(EthyleneGlycol,简称EG)又名“甘醇”、“1,2-亚乙基二醇”,
化学式为(HOCH2)₂,是最简单和最重要的脂肪族二元醇,同时也是一种重
要的有机化工原料。
乙二醇在常温下是无色透明粘稠状液体,稍有甜味,
有一定毒性。
吸湿性超过甘油(丙三醇),微溶于乙醚,它能以任意比例与
水相混溶,能大大降低水的冰点。
乙二醇物性数据表见表1-1:
表1-1乙二醇物性数据表
/25oC,100kPa
密度1.1132熔点-12.9oC
沸点197.3oC闪点111oC(闭口杯)
摩尔质量62.0g/mol自燃温度410oC
溶解度与水任意比例混溶冰点-13.9oC
蒸汽压0.06mmHg粘度25.66mmPa(16oC)
表面张力46mN/m(20oC)稳定性稳定
1.1.2乙二醇的用途
乙二醇作为大宗有机化工产品,广泛用于生产聚酯纤维、薄膜、容器
瓶类等聚酯系列产品和汽车防冻剂,还可用作除冰剂、表面涂料、表面活
性剂、增塑剂、不饱和聚酯树脂以及合成乙二醇醚、乙二醛、乙二酸等化
工产品的原料。
乙二醇与对苯二甲酸反应(TPA法)或和对苯二甲酸二甲
酯反应(DMT法),来制造聚酯纤维是世界范围内乙二醇最重要的市场,
占乙二醇总消费量的50%左右。
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自从1859年法国化学家伍尔兹以乙二醇二乙酸酯与氢氧化钾皂化反应
制得乙二醇以来,国内外已开发了多种可行的生产工艺和制备方法。
如一
次世界大战期间,德国采用二氯乙烷水解法生