词组七.docx

上传人:b****7 文档编号:11164167 上传时间:2023-02-25 格式:DOCX 页数:26 大小:31.69KB
下载 相关 举报
词组七.docx_第1页
第1页 / 共26页
词组七.docx_第2页
第2页 / 共26页
词组七.docx_第3页
第3页 / 共26页
词组七.docx_第4页
第4页 / 共26页
词组七.docx_第5页
第5页 / 共26页
点击查看更多>>
下载资源
资源描述

词组七.docx

《词组七.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《词组七.docx(26页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。

词组七.docx

词组七

必背词组七

1.hearabout/of听到;听说

△Haveyouheardanythingofhisnewnovel?

hearfromsb.(收到)……的信

△I’vejustheardfromLiPingthatwe’llhaveatestsoon.

2.heartandsoul(=wholeheartedly)全心全意地

△Wemustservethepeopleheartandsoul.

3.helpout帮忙,帮助(解决困难)

helpsb.outof…帮助某人摆脱困境

△I’llhelpyououtwithyourwork.

△Noonebuthisfriend,Tomhelpedhimoutofhisfinancial(经济的)difficulties.

4.holdback阻碍、阻止;忍住、隐瞒、保留

△Nodifficultycanholdusback.

△Shecouldn’tholdbackhertearsanylongerandweptout.

△Weweresurehewasholdingsomethingbackfromus.

holdon别挂(电话);坚持下去

     holdonto紧抓某物

△Holdon,everythingwillbeallright.

△Holdonamoment,please.

△Holdontomyhandtightlywhilewecrossthestreet.

holdout坚持,维持;伸出,提出

△Thosewerethepromisestheyheldout.

holdup举起;耽搁;使停顿

△Womencanholduphalfthesky.

△Thestormheldusup.

holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸,不出声

△Hewassofrightenedthathestoodbehindthedoor,holdinghisbreath.

5.huntfor/searchfor/lookfor寻找

△We’vebeenhuntingforyoueverywhere.

6.hurryup赶紧,赶快(不及物词组)/催促(及物词组)/急忙做某事(后加with)

△Hurryup,orwe’llbelate.

△Let’shurryhimup.

△AskXiaoLintohurryupwiththoseletterssothatwecansendthemofftoday.

inaflash即刻,一瞬间

△Thelittleboatsankinaflash.

inahurry匆忙,慌忙

△Inahurrytocatchthetrain,helefthisbookinthetaxi.

△Hewasinahurrytoleave.

inamoment/inaminute马上,立刻

inashortwhile/inashorttime一会,不久

△I’llbebackinamoment.

△I’lltelephoneyouinashortwhile.

inactualfact/infact/asamatteroffact事实上

△Inactualfact,Idon’tknowthetruth.

inall(=totally)总共,总计

△Ihad$2leftinall.

incase(相当于连词和副词)假使;以防;万一

incaseof(介词)

△Takeataxiincaseyou’relateforthemeeting.

△You’dbettercarrysomemoneyincase.

△Incaseoffire,call119.

inchargeof负责,看管

inthechargeof受…的管理

indebttosb.欠某人的债(或人情)

△Hewasalwaysindebtwhenhewasyoung.

△I’mdeeplyindebttoyou.

inhonorof纪念……,为向…表示敬意

△WecelebrateMother’sDayinhonorofourmothers.

inmoderntimes现代

△Computershasbecomeverypopularinmoderntimes.

inone’sopinion/intheopinionofsb.在某人看来

△Mostpeoplecan’taffordthenewhousesinthiscityatleastintheopinionsofmanypeoplehere.

innotime立刻,很快

△Heateupthefoodinnotime.

inpeace平静地;安宁地

△Duringtherest ofhislife,helivedinpeaceinhishometown.

inplace在适当的位置上;适当的

△Herdresswasnotinplace(outofplace)attheceremony.

inpraiseof称赞;歌颂;赞美

△Hewroteacompositioninpraiseofhishometown.

inpublic当众;公开地(=publicly)

inprivate私下地;秘密地

△HedeclaredinpublicthathewouldmarryJane.

insilence作状语时,相当于silently/quiet作表语/宾补时,相当于silent/quiet

△Hehasbeeninsilenceforalongtime.

△WhenIspeak,thelittlegirlusuallylistenstomeinsilence.

inspace在太空;在宇宙里

△Themoonisournearestneighborinspace.

inthatcase如果是那样的话

inanycase无论如何

innocase决不

△Inthatcase,hewouldbesentawayfromschool.

△Inanycase,wemuststartthisevening.

△Innocaseshouldyougiveup.

inthefuture将来

infuture(=fromnowon)从今以后

△Paymuchattentiontoyourpronunciationinfuture.

△Wearenotsurewhatmanwillbelikeinthefuture.

inthepast在过去(句子用过去时)

in/duringthepast/lastfewyears在过去几年(句子用完成时)

△Thepoorlivedadog’slifeinthepast.

inaway在某种程度上,在某种意义上

inthe(one’s)way挡路,妨碍某人

(in)thisway以这种方式;这样

(in)onewayoranother/(in)onewayortheother一种方式;无论如何

onthe(one’s)way在路上;在途中

outofthe(one’s)way不挡路;靠边

bytheway顺便问问

△Inaway,itisagoodfilm.

△Thetreeisintheway.Wemustcutitdown.

△Noonewillbeinthiswayifhereallywantstodoit.

△Youcandoitthisway.

△Alllifeonourplanetdepends,inonewayoranother,onthesun.

△Onthewayhomeaftertoldmeabouttheaccident.

△IgotoutoftheirwayasfastasIcould.

△Bytheway,haveyouseenJohnlately?

7.insiston/upon坚持;硬要(常接观点、意见、主张,侧重一个人的意志)

△Heinsistedonhiscorrectness.

8.insteadof(=inplaceof)代替,而不是(此时为并列连词)

△Hewillgothereinsteadofyou.

△Let’sdrinkteaintheyardinsteadofintheroom.

9.joinin/joinsb.in参加某项活动

takepartin参加群众活动

participatein参加体育活动

△MayIjoininyourconversation?

△Won’tyoujoinusinatennismatch?

△EveryfouryearsathletesfromallovertheworldtakepartintheOlympicGames.

10.juniorto比……年少的;地位低的/seniorto比……年老的(后面不能加than)

△Heisjuniortome.

△Sheisfouryearsseniortome.

11.keeparecordof记录,保留记录

△Iforgotwhathesaid,andwhat’sworseIdidnotkeeparecord.

keepaway(from)避开;离开;使……不靠近

△You’dbetterkeepaway(fromme),Ihaveabadcold.

keepback后退;抑制(感情);隐瞒

△Thepolicemenkeptthecrowdback.

△Shecouldn’tkeepbackheranger(tears).

△Ikeptthebadnewsbackfromher.

keepon继续干;继续前进(=goon,goahead);keep(on)doing/continue/goondoing继续做某事;keep…doing…让一直干

△Hekeptrunningafterher,tryingtocatchher.

△Keepontillyoucometoafillingstation.

△Don’tkeepyourmotherwaiting.

Keep…fromdoing/stop…fromdoing/preventfromdoing/protect…fromdoing

阻止…做某事

△Wemustkeepthemfromgettingtoknowtheplans.

keepfit/keephealth保持健康

△Everybodywantstokeepfit.

keep…inmind/bear…inmind把…记在心里(=remember)

△Pleasekeepwhattheteachersaidinmind.

keepoff不靠近,不碰;不提及;不吃(喝)

△Keepoffthegrass.

△Wekeptoffthetopicofhismarriagewhenshewaspresent.

△Thedoctoradvisedhimtokeepofffattyfood.

keepone’sbalance(of)保持…的平衡;镇定

loseone’sbalance失去平衡;慌乱

breakone’sbalance(of)打破…的平衡

△Hewassurroundedbysomanydangersthathelosthisbalance.

keepoutof不接近(=keepawayfrom);不牵涉,不卷入

△Keepoutoftherailwaytrack.

△Youshouldkeepoutofotherpeople’squarrels.

keepsilent/keepsilence/makenonoise保持沉默,不讲话

keepup保持;维持;继续

keepupwith跟上,不落在后面

△Weshouldkeepupgoodtradition.

△KeepupyourEnglish,you’llfindithelpfulinyourwork.

△Hewalkedsofastthatwecouldn’tkeepupwithhim.

名词性从句

一.名词性从句

主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句,在整个句子中所起的作用,相当于一个名词。

因此,这四种从句通称为名词性从句。

引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:

连接词:

that,whether,if(不充当从句的任何成分)

连接代词:

what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.

连接副词:

when,where,how,why

1.主语从句

作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。

主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,if和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导。

that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。

例如:

Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.

Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.

Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.

WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.

有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。

主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。

常用句型如下:

(1)It+be+名词+that从句

(2)It+be+形容词+that从句

(3)It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句(4)It+不及物动词+that从句

另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时,谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”,常用的句型有:

Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that…

Itisapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)that…

Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that…

2.宾语从句

名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。

引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。

1.由连接词that引导的宾语从句

由连接词that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。

例如:

HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.

Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.

注意:

在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist,desire,demand,request,command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,宾语从句常用“(should)+动词原形”。

例如:

Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.

Thecommanderorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.

2.用who,whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。

例如:

Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.

Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.

Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.

3.用whether或if引导的宾语从句,其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒,仍保持陈述句语序。

此外,whether与if在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether,不用if:

a.引导主语从句并在句首时;b.引导表语从句时;c.引导从句作介词宾语时;d.从句后有“ornot”时;e.后接动词不定式时。

例如:

Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.

Thequestioniswhethersheshouldhavealowopinionofthetest?

Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.

Iwonderwhetherhewillcomeornot.

Canyoutellmewhethertogoortostay?

4.注意宾语从句中的时态呼应,当主句动词是现在时,从句根据自身的句子情况,而使用

不同时态。

例如:

hestudiesEnglisheveryday.(从句用一般现在时)

hestudiedEnglishlastterm.(从句用一般过去时)

Iknow(that)hewillstudyEnglishnextyear.(从句用一般将来时)

hehasstudiedEnglishsince1998.(从句用现在完成时)

当主句动词是过去时态(could,would除外),从句则要用相应的过去时态,如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时等;当从句表示的是客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,则从句仍用现在时态。

例如:

TheteachertoldusthatTomhadleftusforAmerica.

5.think,believe,imagine,suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。

即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。

例如:

Wedon’tthinkyouarehere.

Idon’tbelievehewilldoso.

3.表语从句

在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。

引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用asif引导。

其基本结构为:

主语+系动词+that从句。

例如:

Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.

That’sjustwhatIwant.

Thisiswhereourproblemlies.

Thatiswhyhedidn’tcometothemeeting.

Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.

需要注意的,当主语是reason时,表语从句要用that引导而不是because。

例如:

Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning

4.同位语从句

同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。

同位语从句通常由that引导,可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。

例如:

试比较下面两个例句:

Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere.(that引导同位语从句,不能省略)

Haveyougottheidea(that)thisbookgivesyouoflifeinancientGreece?

(that引导定语从句,作宾语,可以省略)

1.that即可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。

而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置

2.which作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which之间的介词不能丢

3.代表物时多用which,但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which,这些词包括all,anything,much等,这时的that常被省略

4.who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语

5.where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句

6.when引导定语从句表示时间〔注〕值得一提的是,表示时间“ti

展开阅读全文
相关资源
猜你喜欢
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > 外语学习 > 法语学习

copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有

经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1