新视野大学英语视听说教程4unit.docx

新视野大学英语视听说教程4unit.docx

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新视野大学英语视听说教程4unit

Uint1

II.BasicListeningPractice

1.Script

M:

I’mbesidemyselfwithjoy.I’msolucky.Guesswhat?

I’vewonalitofmoneyinthelottery.

W:

Yeah?

Well,youdoknowthatmoneyistherootofallevil,right?

Q:

Whatdoesthewomanmean?

2.Script

W:

Marywasfurious.Hersonwreckeduphercar.

M:

Heshouldn’thavedrivenacarwithoutadriver’slicense.He‘sstilltakingdrivinglesson.

Q:

WhatdoweknowaboutMary’sson?

3.Script

M:

Susan,Ihearyou’regoingtomarrythatguy.Somepeoplethinkyou’llregretit.

W:

Isthatso?

Onlytimetell.

Q:

Whatdoesthewomanimply?

4.Script

M:

Mary,IjustwanttosayhowsorryIwastolearnofyourmother’spassing.Iknowhowcloseyoutwowere?

W:

Thankyou.Itwassosudden.I’MstillinastateofshockIdon’tknowwhattodo.

Q:

Whichoffollowingistrue?

5.Script

W:

Igetfuriousatworkwhenmyopinionsaren’tconsideredjustbecauseI’mawoman.

M:

Youshouldairyourviewmoreemphaticallyanddemandthatyourvicebeheard.

Q:

Whatisthewomancomplainingabout?

Keys:

3.D

III.ListeningIn

Task1:

Whataclumsyman!

 Script

Maria:

Jack,canyouhelpmemovethisheavybox?

Jack:

Noproblem,Maria.Hereletmeliftthisend...Oops!

Maria:

Ouch!

Myfoot!

Comeon,can'tyoubealittlemorecautious?

Jack:

I'msosorry.Itwasanaccident.Noneedtobefurious!

Maria:

You'realwayssoclumsy,Jack.I'mreallylosingmypatiencewithallthestupidmistakesyoumakearoundtheoffice.

Jack:

Calmdown,Maria;I'llcertainlybemorecarefulnexttime.Thiswasjustanaccident.

Maria:

Ifyouaren'tmorecareful,thennexttimesomeonecouldbebadlyhurt.Oh,look!

Theglassintheboxisallbrokennow.Mr.Johnsonisgoingtoflyintoarage.

Jack:

Ohno!

WhatcanIdotokeephimfromhittingtheroof?

Maria:

Well,youcanbeginbyhelpingmecleanupthemessandthenhonestlytellhimaboutyourmistake.

Jack:

MaybeifIoffertopayforthedamage,hewon'tbesoangry.Whatdoyouthink?

Maria:

Thatmighthelpsolvetheproblem,thoughitcouldbequiteexpensivetoreplaceit.

Jack:

Well,I'mwillingtodowhatittakestokeepMr.Johnsonfromexploding.Ineedtokeepmyjob!

1.WhydidMariagetangrywithJack?

2.WhatcanyouinferaboutJackfromthedialog?

3.Judgingfromthedialog,whoismostlyliketobe

4.WhatdoesMariaadviseJacktodo?

5.WhichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasareasonwhyJackwantstopayforthedamage?

Keys:

ACBCB

Task2:

Causesofdepression

Script

Hello,everyone.TodayIinviteyoutojoinmeinanexplorationoffthecausesofdepression.Thereatemanyfactorsinvolved,butIbelievesomedeservespecialattention.

Hereditycertainlyplaysarole..Thetendencytodevelopdepressionmaybeinherited;thereisevidencethatthisdisordermayruninfamilies.

Physiologyisanotherfactorrelatedtodepression.Theremaybechangesorimbalancesinchemicalswhichtransmitinformationinthebraincalledneurotransmitters.Manymodernantidepressantdrugsattempttoincreaselevelsofcertainneurotransmitterssoastoincreasebraincommunication.Whilethecausalrelationshipisunclear;itisknownthatantidepressantmedicationsdorelievercertainsymptomsofdepression.

Researchersalsostudypsychologicalfactors.Theyincludethecomplexdevelopmentofone’spersonalityandhowonehaslearnedtocopewithexternalenvironmentalfactors,suchasstress.Itisfreeqentlyobservedthatlowself-esteemandself-defeatingthinkingareconnectedwithdepression.Whileitisnotclearwhichisthecauseandwhichistheeffect,itisknownthatsuffererswhoareabletomakecorrectionstotheirthinkingpatternscanshowimprovedmoodandself-esteem.

Anotherfactorcausingdepressionisone’searlyexperiences.Eventssuchasthedeathofaparent,thedivorceoftheparents,neglect,chronicillness,andseverephysicalabusecanalsoincreasethelikelihoodofdepressionlaterinlife.

Somepresentexperiencesmayalsoleadtodepression.Jobloss,financialdifficulties,longperiodsofunemployment,thelossofaspouseorotherfamilymember,orotherpainfuleventsmaytriggerdepression.Long-termstressathome,work,orschoolcanalsobeinvolved.

Itisworthnothingthatthoselivingwithsomeonesufferingfrom\depressionexperienceincreasedanxietywhichaddstothepossibilityoftheiralsobecomingdepressed.

Depression-causingFactors

Description

Heredity

Thetendencytodevelopdepressionisinheritedandmayruninfamilies.

Physiology

Depressionmaybecausedbychangesorimbalancesinchemicalscalledneurotransmitters,whichtransmitinformationinthebrain

Antidepressantmedicationrelievecertainsymptomsofdepression.

PsychologicalFactors

Lowself-esteemandself-defeatingthinkingareconnectedwithdepression.

Suffererswhomakecorrectiontotheirthinkingpatternscanshowimprovedmoodandself-esteem.

EarlyExperiences

Eventlikethedeathofaparent,thedivorceofparents,neglect,chronicillness,andseverephysicalabusecanincreasethelikelihoodofdepression.

PresentExperiences

Jobloss,financialdifficulties,longperiodsofunemployment,thelossofaspouseorotherfamilymember,orlong-termstressmaytriggerdepression.

Livingwithsomebodywithdepression

Thiscausesincreasedanxiety,forthosewholivewiththem.

Task3:

Happinessindex

Script

Australianswerethehappiestpeopleintheworldaccordingtoasurveyundertakenbytwomarketresearchers.Theyconducteddoor-to-doorsurveysandinterviewswithnearly30,000peoplein30countries.Theyaskedrespondentshowsatisfiedtheywerewiththeiroverallqualityoflife.Forty-sixpercentofAustraliansproclaimedtobe"veryhappy"andexpressedoptimismabouttheirfuture.Followingtheminthe"veryhappy"groupwastheUSA（40percent）,Egypt（36percent）,India（34percent）andtheUKandCanada（32percent）.Hungarygotthewoodenspoon,finishingbottomofthehappinesschart.Thirty-fivepercentofitscitizenssaidtheywereeither"disappointed"or"veryunhappy",followedbyRussiansat30percent.

Theresearchdemonstratedthatmoneyandagewerekeydeterminantsinhowhappypeopleare.Althoughthestudydidnotindicatemoneycouldbuyhappiness,itdidrevealalinkbetweenalackofmoneyandunhappiness.Lesshappypopulationswerefoundamonglower-incomegroupsortheunemployed.

Thestudyalsosuggestedthatonthewhole,theolderwebecome,thelesshappyweare.Globally,teenagersarethehappiestpeople.Theagegroupwiththelowestlevelsofhappinesswas50-59.Only16percentofthoseintheir50ssaidtheywereveryhappy.

Thefactorsthatmakeushappyincludegoodhealth,financialsecurityandahappymarriage.Materialcomfortssuchascars,clothesandgadgetsrankedcomparativelylow.

1.Whichcountryrankstothesecondhappiest?

2.Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthepassageaboutmoneyandhappiness?

3.Whichagegroupistheleasthappy?

4.Whichofthefollowingistheleastimportantinmakingpeoplehappy?

5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

Keys:

BDAAC

IV.SpeakingOut

MODEL1Don’tletitgettoyou!

Susan:

Youlooksoangry.Whathappened?

Chris:

NothingI’drathernottalkaboutit.Justdon’task.

Susan:

Comeon.Relax.Talktome.

Chris:

Allright.ThismorningItookmycartothegaragetochecktheairconditioner.Theyonlygaveitaquicklook,refilleditwithsomeFreon,andchargedme300bucks!

Susan:

Nowonderyou’relivid.I’dbemadtooifsomeonerippedmeoflikethat.

Chris:

Yeah.Andtheywererude.TheysaidIdidn’tknowanythingaboutcars,whichIdon’t,buttheydidn’thavetobesoblunt!

Susan:

Soundslikeyougotarawdeal!

Chris:

What’sworse,asIwasleaving,Iherdthensaying,“Don’ttrustthatguy.Helooksbroke.”WhenIheardthat,Ialmosthittheroof.

Susan:

Don’tletitgettoyou.Betterignorethem.

Chris:

Iagree.Ididmanagetokeepmycool.

Susan:

Well,thebestthingyoucandoistofileacomplaintwiththeConsumerProtectionAgency.

Chris:

Soundslikeagoodidea.

MODEL2I’mtoodepressed.

Script

Susan:

Chris,Ihearyou’vebeendowninthedumps,soI’vecometocheeryouup.

Chris:

It’snotgongowork.I’mtoodepressed

Susan:

Come,on.Tellmewhat’sonyourmind.

Chris:

Everything.Mygirlfriendleftme;mydogranaway;mywalletwasstolen.

Susan:

Don’tworry.I’llhelpyousolvethebiggestproblem:

findingyouanewgirlfriend.

Chris:

Forgetit.Anyway,I’mgettingbadgrades,andIwastoldthatI’dhavetorepeatalotofcoursesnextyear.WhenIheardthat,Ialmostlostit.

Susan:

Look,relax.I’llhelpyouwiththosecourses.

Chris:

Yeah,butIalsohavethreeweek’slaundrytodo.,andmyroomisapigsty.

Susan:

Forgetit.You’reonyourown.

Chris:

Come,on.Whatarefriendsfor?

Susan:

Tokeepyouinhighspirits;nottodoyourlaundry.

MODEL3Youseemtobeontopoftheworld.

Script

Nora:

Oh,hey,John!

John:

Hey!

Nora:

Youseemtobeontopoftheworldtonight.What’sup?

John:

I’msohappyI’mabouttoburst.Guesswhat?

Nora:

You’vegotme.

John:

Itmightbetruethatmisfortunesnevercomesingly,butyoucanalsohavea“doubleblessing”.Andthat’swhatIhad.

Nora:

Youmeanyou’vehadtwohappyeventsinyourlife?

John:

Exactly.Youknow,Iwasstronginallsubjectsexceptphysics.NowI’vefinallypassedthetest--theoneIneededtoqualifyforaBachelor’sdegree.

Nora:

Congratulations!

You’dfaileditthreetimes.Nowonderyou’rebeaming.What’stheothergoodnews?

John:

ThemultinationalIwasdongmyfieldprojectatofferedmeajobatagoodstaringsalary.

Nora:

Wow,wonderful,simplewonderful.

John:

Ifeellikecelebrating.Shallwegotoabar