脓毒症PPT幻灯片课件.ppt
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,脓毒症3.0“面面观”,严重脓毒症及脓毒性休克流行病学,严重脓毒症患者死亡风险为34%,脓毒性休克患者死亡风险为50%。
新近流调显示脓毒性休克死亡率下降,结果发现,重症感染患者的绝对死亡率从35.0%下降到了18.4%,总死亡率下降了16.6%,年绝对死亡率下降了1.3%,相对风险下降了47.5%。
JAMA.2014Apr2;311(13):
1308-16.,脓毒症定义变迁(1.0),Sepsis1.0=感染SIRS,Chest1992Jun;101(6):
1644-55,脓毒症定义变迁(2.0),IntensiveCareMed.2003Apr;29(4):
530-8.Epub2003Mar28.,Sepsis2.0=感染SIRS会议提出了包括20余条临床症状和体征评估指标构成的诊断标准,即Sepsis2.0。
然而该标准过于复杂,且缺乏充分的研究基础和科学研究证据支持,并未得到临床认可和应用。
Diagnosticcriteriaforsepsis,ThePIROsystemforstagingsepsis,2012,SSC指南发展,Criticalcaremedicine2004Mar;32(3):
858-73.Criticalcaremedicine2008Jan;36
(1):
296-327.CritCareMed.2013Feb;41
(2):
580-637.,2008,2004,脓毒症诊断标准的“争议”,方法:
通过对2000年至2013年澳大利亚和新西兰172个重症加强治疗病房(ICU)近120万例患者的数据分析,根据是否满足2条全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)的诊断标准将感染伴器官功能障碍的患者分为SIRS阳性和SIRS阴性两组。
结果:
在近11万例感染伴器官功能障碍的患者中,87.9%为SIRS阳性,12.1%为SIRS阴性,在14年内两组患者的临床特征和病死率变化相似。
校正分析显示,患者病死率随着满足SIRS标准项目的增加呈线性增高。
结论:
该研究说明现有脓毒症标准有可能遗漏约1/8的感染伴器官功能障碍患者,且该标准不能确定病死率增加的临界点,这提示当前脓毒症的筛查标准的特异性不佳。
NEnglJMed,2015,372(17):
1629-1638.,Doweneedanewdefinitionofsepsis?
thedefinitionofsepticshockcurrentlyrevolvesaroundvariablebloodpressureand/orlactatelevels,withlooselytermedorundefinedadequacyoffluidresuscitationandpersistenthypotension.Definingsepsismust,however,beanongoingiterativeprocessrequiringminorormajorrevisionsasnewfindingscometolight.Inmuchthesamewaythatsoftwareenhancementsmovefromversion1.0to1.1orto2.0dependingonthemagnitudeofchange,soanewsepsis3.0definitionmustberefinedintoversions3.1,3.2,andsoonuntilaneventualcompleteoverhaulgeneratesthedevelopmentofsepsis4.0.,IntensiveCareMed,2015,41(5):
909-911.,脓毒症的诊断标准于1991年发布(脓毒症1.0),但过于敏感,可能导致脓毒症的过度诊断和治疗;2001年更新版(脓毒症2.0)又过于复杂,未被广泛应用。
脓毒症3.0.2016年,Sepsis3.0“应运而生”,JAMA.2016Feb23;315(8):
801-10,Sepsis3.0定义,JAMA.2016Feb23;315(8):
801-10,Mortality10%,Sepsis3.0InfectionSOFA2,Sepsis3.0诊断标准,JAMA.2016Feb23;315(8):
801-10,Septicshock定义及诊断标准,JAMA.2016Feb23;315(8):
801-10,Mortality40%,Septicshock=Sepsis+输液无反应低血压+使用缩血管药物维持MAP65mmHg)+乳酸则2mmol/L。
Septicshockisasubsetofsepsisinwhichunderlyingcirculatoryandcellular/metabolicabnormalitiesareprofoundenoughtosubstantiallyincreasemortality.,脓毒症3.0诊断流程,JAMA.2016Feb23;315(8):
801-10,Sepsis3.0,ACCP反对Sepsis3.0,1.Giventhatuseofthecurrentdefinitionsresultsinsavinglives,itseemsunwisetochangecourseinmidstreambyshiftingthedefinition.Thisisespeciallytruebecausethereisstillnoknownprecisepathophysiologicalfeaturethatdefinessepsis.,2.AbandoningtheuseofSIRStofocusonfindingsthataremorehighlypredictiveofdeathcouldencouragewaiting,ratherthanearly,aggressiveintervention.Thisisamistakethatwecannotmake.,3.Toabandononesystemofrecognizingsepsisbecauseitisimperfectandnotyetinuniversaluseforanothersystemthatisusedevenlessseemsunwisewithoutprospectivevalidationofthenewsystemsutility.,Chest2016Feb,ACCP反对Sepsis3.0,4.Whatpatientsneedisthatwecontinuetobuildonthemomentumofthelasttwodecadesandthatwenotdisruptitbyconflatingchangewithprogress.,5.Ourprincipalconcernisthatthenewdefinitionde-emphasizesinterventionatearlierstagesofsepsiswhenthesyndromeisactuallyatitsmosttreatable.Webelievethatadoptingamorerestrictivedefinitionthatrequiresfurtherprogressionalongthesepsispathwaymaydelayinterventioninthishighlytime-dependentcondition,withadditionalrisktopatients.,Chest2016Feb,精准医学下的Sepsis3.0不足,“Definition”versus“ClinicalCriteria”.
(1)Sepsisresearchers,bothbenchandclinical,shouldconsiderhowtheirfindingsmightvalidateorinvalidatethenewdefinition;
(2)Cliniciansshoulddetermineiftheclinicalcriteriaareusefulintheirownpracticesandconsiderwhatadditionalelementsoughttobetested;(3)soonerratherthanlater.,Criticalcaremedicine2016May;44(5):
857-8.,“DependentandIndependentVariables”.Sepsis=(life-threatening)(organdysfunction)(dysregulatedhostresponse)(infection).
(1)Dontassumethatthesequenceofeventsidentifiedinthenewdefinitionreflectspathobiologicalreality,becausenoonereallyknowshowthingsareorderedandconnected;
(2)Dontassumethatthepredominantabnormalityinsepsisisimmunologicalthathypothesishasdominatedbothmechanisticandtherapeuticinvestigationforovertwodecades,andhasyettobearfruit.,Criticalcaremedicine2016May;44(5):
857-8.,精准医学下的Sepsis3.0不足,精准医学下的Sepsis3.0不足,“Appropriatecomparators”.
(1)Weneedtoreconsiderjustwhatconstitutesanappropriatecontrolforsepsisresearch;
(2)Attheveryleast,weoughttomakesurethatstudiescharacterizingsepsisinanimalmodelsandinpatientsusesimilarcontrols.“Whatcomesnext?
”.HowandhowsoondoweinitiateSepsis-4.0?
Idontknowbutletsnotwaitadecadeandahalfthistime.,Criticalcaremedicine2016May;44(5):
857-8.,Problem#1:
Sepsis-IIIremainssubjective,Sepsis3.0的10个疑问
(一),所有定义都包含了“