专题03 社会文化类真题训练备战高考英语阅读理.docx
《专题03 社会文化类真题训练备战高考英语阅读理.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《专题03 社会文化类真题训练备战高考英语阅读理.docx(13页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
![专题03 社会文化类真题训练备战高考英语阅读理.docx](https://file1.bdocx.com/fileroot1/2023-2/23/e950e3f1-7073-42a2-bdaa-6887a4a735fd/e950e3f1-7073-42a2-bdaa-6887a4a735fd1.gif)
专题03社会文化类真题训练备战高考英语阅读理
专题03社会文化类
真题训练
Passage1(2017·新课标卷I)
Someoftheworld’smostfamousmusiciansrecentlygatheredinParisandNewOrleanstocelebratethefirstannualInternationalJazzDay.UNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization)recentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying(联合)voiceacrosscultures.
Despitethecelebrations,though,intheU.S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.
It’sJasonMoran’sjobtohelpchangethat.AstheKennedyCenter’sartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture.
“Jazzseemslikeit’snotreallyapartoftheAmericanappetite,”MorantellsNationalPublicRadio’sreporterNealConan.“WhatI’mhopingtoaccomplishisthatmygenerationandyoungerstarttoreconsiderandunderstandthatjazzisnotblackandwriteanymore.It’sactuallycolor,andit’sactuallydigital.”
Moransaysoneoftheproblemswithjazztodayisthattheentertainmentaspectofthemusichasbeenlost.“Themusiccan’tbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958.Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame,”saysMoran.
Lastyear,MoranworkedonaprojectthatarrangedFatsWaller’smusicforadanceparty,“justtokindofputitbackinthemindthatWallerisdancemusicasmuchasitisconcertmusic,”saysMoran.“Forme,it’stherecontextualization.Inmusic,wheredoestheemotion(情感)lie?
Arewe,ashumans,gaininganyinsight(感悟)onhowtalkaboutourselvesandhowsomethingasabstractasaCharlieParkerrecordgetsusintoadialogueaboutouremotionsandourthoughts?
Sometimeswelosesightthatthemusichasawidercontext,”saysMoran,“soIwanttocontinuethosedialogues.ThosearethethingsIwanttofoster.”
28.WhydidUNESCOsetApril30asInternationalJazzDay?
A.Torememberthebirthofjazz.
B.Toprotectculturaldiversity.
C.Toencouragepeopletostudymusic.
D.Torecognizethevalueofjazz.
29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?
A.Jazzbecomingmoreaccessible.
B.Theproductionofjazzgrowingfaster.
C.Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung.
D.Thejazzaudiencebecominglarger.
30.WhatcanweinferaboutMoran’sopiniononjazz?
A.Itwilldisappeargradually.
B.Itremainsblackandwhite.
C.Itshouldkeepupwiththetimes.
D.Itchangesevery50years.
31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.ExploringtheFutureofJazz
B.TheRiseandFallofJazz
C.TheStoryofaJazzMusician
D.CelebratingtheJazzDay
【话题解读】为提高人们对于爵士乐的重视程度,UNESCO把4月30日定为国际爵士日,然而这一行为还是没能挽救爵士乐。
JasonMoran认为时代在进步,为了将老一代人和年轻一代人连接起来,爵士乐也应该不断进步。
28.D【解析】细节理解题。
根据第一段中的UNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization)recentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying(联合)voiceacrosscultures.可知UNESCO把4月30日定为国际爵士日是为了让人们重视爵士乐,意识到它的重要性以及它作为连接各文化的纽带之声的潜在功能,也就是为了让人们意识到爵士乐的价值。
故选D。
30.C【解析】细节理解题。
根据第五段中的Themusiccan’tbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958.Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame可知Moran认为现在爵士乐不能以1908或1958年的方式来呈现,因为世界已经不同了,所以爵士乐必须不断进步,说明随着时代的发展,爵士乐也要跟上时代才不会被年轻一代所抛弃。
故选C。
Passage2(2017·天津卷)
Ireadsomewherethatwespendafullthirdofourliveswaiting.Butwherearewedoingallofthiswaiting,andwhatdoesitmeantoanimpatientsocietylikeours?
Tounderstandtheissue,let’stakealookatthreetypesof“waits”.
TheverypurestformofwaitingistheWatched-PotWait.Itiswithoutdoubtthemostannoyingofall.Takefillingupthekitchensink(洗碗池)asanexample.Thereisabsolutelynothingyoucandowhilethisisgoingonbutkeepbotheyesfixedonthesinkuntilit’sfull.Duringthesewaits,thebrainslipsawayfromthebodyandwandersaboutuntilthewaterrunsovertheedgeofthecounterandontoyoursocks.Thiskindofwaitmakesthewaiterhelplessandmindless.
AcousintotheWatched-PotWaitistheForcedWait.Thisonerequiresabitofdiscipline.ProperlypreparingpackagednoodlesouprequiresaForcedWait.Directionsareveryspecific.“Bringthreecupsofwatertoboil,addmix,simmerthreeminutes,removefromheat,letstandfiveminutes.”Ihavemydoubtsthatanyonehasactuallyfollowedtheproceduresstrictly.Afterall,ForcedWaitingrequirespatience.
PerhapsthemostpowerfultypeofwaitingistheLucky-BreakWait.Thistypeofwaitisunusualinthatitisforthemostpartvoluntary.UnliketheForcedWait,whichisalsovoluntary,waitingforyourluckybreakdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatitwillhappen.
Turningone’slifeintoawaitinggamerequiresfaithandhope,andisstrictlyfortheoptimistsamongus.Onthesurfaceitseemsasridiculousasfollowingthedirectionsonsoupmixes,buttheLucky-BreakWaitwellservesthosewhoarewillingtodoit.Aslongasonedoesn’tcometorelyonit,wishingforafewgoodthingstohappenneverhurtsanybody.
Wecertainlydospendagooddealofourtimewaiting.Thenexttimeyou’restandingatthesinkwaitingforittofillwhilecookingnoodlesoupthatyou’llhavetoeatuntilalargebagofcashfallsoutofthesky,don’tbedesperate.You’reprobablyjustasbusyasthenextguy.
51.WhiledoingaWatched-PotWait,wetendto___________.
A.keepourselvesbusy
B.getabsent-minded
C.growanxious
D.stayfocused
52.WhatisthedifferencebetweentheForcedWaitandtheWatched-PotWait?
A.TheForcedWaitrequiressomeself-control.
B.TheForcedWaitmakespeoplepassive.
C.TheWatched-PotWaitneedsdirections.
D.TheWatched-PotWaitengagesbodyandbrain.
53.WhatcanwelearnabouttheLucky-BreakWait?
A.ItislessvoluntarythantheForcedWait.
B.Itdoesn’talwaysbringthedesiredresult.
C.ItismorefruitfulthantheForcedWait.
D.Itdoesn’tgivepeoplefaithandhope.
54.Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodothenexttimewearewaiting?
A.Takeitseriously.
B.Don’trelyonothers.
C.Dosomethingelse.
D.Don’tloseheart.
55.Theauthorsupportshisviewby_________.
A.exploringvariouscausesof“waits”
B.describingdetailedprocessesof“waits”
C.analyzingdifferentcategoriesof“waits”
D.revealingfrustratingconsequencesof“waits”
【话题解读】这是一篇议论文。
文章主要通过介绍三种不同种类的等待来论述我们花费大量的时间来等待而且说明作者自己的观点,即充满希望和信念地等待。
51.B【解析】考查细节理解。
根据第二段的句子Duringthesewaits,thebrainslipsawayfromthebodyandwandersaboutuntilthewaterrunsovertheedgeofthecounterandontoyoursocks.Thiskindofwaitmakesthewaiterhelplessandmindless.可知选B。
52.A【解析】考查细节理解。
根据第三段内容,尤其是Thisonerequiresabitofdiscipline.及Afterall,ForcedWaitingrequirespatience.可知选A。
54.D【解析】考查细节理解。
根据最后一段第二句可以判断出下次当我们等待的时候作者建议我们不要灰心、绝望。
故选D。
55.C【解析】考查推理判断。
通读全文可以知道,作者通过二、三、四段列举了三种类型的等待,所以判断出作者是通过分析不同种类的等待来支持自己的观点的。
故选C。
Passage3(2016·新课标卷III)
Badnewssells.Ifitbleeds,itleads.Nonewsisgoodnews,andgoodnewsisnonews.Thosearetheclassicrulesfortheeveningbroadcastsandthemorningpapers.Butnowthatinformationisbeingspreadandmonitored(监控)indifferentways,researchersarediscoveringnewrules.Bytrackingpeople’se-mailsandonlineposts,scientistshavefoundthatgoodnewscanspreadfasterandfartherthandisastersandsobstories.
"The‘ifitbleeds’ruleworksformassmedia,"saysJonahBerger,ascholarattheUniversityofPennsylvania."Theywantyoureyeballsanddon’tcarehowyou’refeeling.Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdon’twantthemtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner."
Researchersanalyzingword-of-mouthcommunication—e-mails,Webpostsandreviews,face-to-faceconversations—foundthatittendedtobemorepositivethannegative(消极的),butthatdidn’tnecessarilymeanpeoplepreferredpositivenews.Waspositivenewssharedmoreoftensimplybecausepeopleexperiencedmoregoodthingsthanbadthings?
Totestforthatpossibility,Dr.Bergerlookedathowpeoplespreadaparticularsetofnewsstories:
thousandsofarticlesonTheNewYorkTimes’website.HeandaPenncolleagueanalyzedthe"moste-mailed"listforsixmonths.Oneofhisfirstfindingswasthatarticlesinthesciencesectionweremuchmorelikelytomakethelistthannon-sciencearticles.HefoundthatscienceamazedTimes’readersandmadethemwanttosharethispositivefeelingwithothers.
Readersalsotendedtosharearticlesthatwereexcitingorfunny,orthatinspirednegativefeelingslikeangeroranxiety,butnotarticlesthatleftthemmerelysad.Theyneededtobearoused(激发)onewayortheother,andtheypreferredgoodnewstobad.Themorepositiveanarticle,themorelikelyitwastobeshared,asDr.Bergerexplainsinhisnewbook,"Contagious:
WhyThingsCatchOn."
12.Whatdotheclassicrulesmentionedinthetextapplyto?
A.Newsreports.B.Researchpapers.
C.Privatee-mails.D.Dailyconversations.
13.WhatcanweinferaboutpeoplelikeDebbieDowner?
A.They’resociallyinactive.
B.They’regoodattellingstories.
C.They’reinconsiderateofothers.
D.They’recarefulwiththeirwords.
14.Whichtendedtobethemoste-mailedaccordingtoDr.Berger’sresearch?
A.Sportsnews.B.Sciencearticles.
C.Personalaccounts.D.Financialreviews.
15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?
A.SadStoriesTravelFarandWide.
B.OnlineNewsAttractsMorePeople.
C.ReadingHabitsChangewiththeTimes.
D.GoodNewsBeatsBadonSocialNetworks.
【话题解读】人们常说"没有消息就是最好的消息",类似的传统说法只适合于大众媒体。
在网络普及的时代,好消息在网络上的传播速度比坏消息要快很多。
12.A【解析】细节理解题。
根据第二段"The