写作整理材料ByRaindy.docx

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写作整理材料ByRaindy.docx

写作整理材料ByRaindy

小作文

6种类型:

曲线图

组成:

三段论(引题―正文―结尾)

1.引题(introduction):

描述图表,“同义转换”。

要有吸引力,不能有错误。

第一句—说明图表内容,虽然描述的是过去的内容,但是说的是图表描述的信息,故而时态必须用现在时。

第二句—给出总体的曲线趋势【option】

2.正文(Describingthegraphindetails):

要有所选择,要有比较,突出最值。

3.结尾(Concludingsentences)

注意:

●照抄原文不计分;

●不需要对数据分析;

●不可把结论提前;

●结尾句不需加评论

图表作文常用的曲线变化

变化趋势

动词表达

用名词作同义替换表达

上升

rose(to)

arise(in)

increased(to)

anincrease(in)

wentup(to)

agrowth(in)

climbed(to)

anupwardtrend(in)

boomed

aboomin

adramaticrisein

下降

fell(to)

adecrease(in)

declined(to)

adecline(in)

decreased(to)

afall(in)

dipped(to)

dropped(to)

adrop(in)

wentdown(to)

slumped(to)

aslumpin(dramaticfallin)

reduced(to)

areduction(in)

不变

leveledout(at)

alevelingout(of)

didnotchange

remainedstable/steady/constant(at)

maintainedthesamelevel

nochange(in)

波动

fluctuated(around)

peaked(at)

plateaued(at)

stoodat

afluctuation(in)

reachedapeak(of)

reachedaplateau(at)

注:

plateau①平台;②高原③(发展、增长后的)平稳时期,稳定状态,停滞时期

波动描述示意图1

波动描述示意图2

表示变化程度的词汇

程度

形容词

副词

degreeofchange

变化程度

巨大

dramatic

dramatically

sharp

sharply

considerable

considerably

significant

significantly

marked

markedly

huge

hugely

enormous

enormously

substantial

substantially

适度

steep

steeply

moderate

moderately

轻微

slight

slightly

minimal

minimally

speedofchange

变化速度

快速

rapid

rapidly

quick

quickly

swift

swiftly

sudden

suddenly

稳步

steady

steadily

逐渐

gradual

gradually

缓慢

slow

slowly

范文1(引题段):

【第一句】ThecurveillustratesthenumberofcasesofA-typecrimescommittedintheUKbetweentheyears1990and2004.【第二句】ItcanbeseenthatA-typecrimesdecreaseddramaticallyto200casesaroundthemiddleofthe1990sandthenincreasedto2000beforetheyear2000.

范文2:

(全文)

Fromthegraph,wecanseeclearlythatintheearlymorning,at6a.m.,fewpeoplewatchTV.However,fromthistimeonwards,thenumberofTVaudienceisontherise.Atnoon,thepeoplewatchingTVaccountforabout8%ofthetotalpopulation.Intheperiodbetween12:

00and2:

00p.m.,theTVaudienceexperiencesasharpincreasefrom8%toapproximately18%.

From2:

00p.m.to4:

00p.m.,thefigureremainsconstantatabout18%,thenballoonstothepeakoftheday,reachingapproximately50%.ThenumberofTVaudiencesdropsdramaticallyfrom10p.m.tillitreachesitsbottomat3p.m.

Ontheotherhand,thereisasharpincreaseinradioaudiencefrom6.a.mto9a.m.,peakingatabout28%at8:

30a.m.However,fromthispointonwards,itdeclinesgraduallyfortherestoftheday,bottomingoutat4:

00a.m.thenextday.

Inbrief,thenumberofTVandradioaudiencesvariesaccordingtodifferentphasesoftimeprobablyduetothedifferentfeaturesofthesetwomedia.

表格图

类型:

♦纵向比较—即自身前后的比较,具有历史性,可转为曲线图;

♦横向比较—与其他同类事物的比较。

原则:

♦首句永远概括全部;

♦中间永远找最值点描述;

♦最后总结概括

1.纵向比较:

题目:

ThetablebelowgivesinformationaboutchangesinmodesoftravelinEnglandbetween1985and2000.

Summarizetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.

Writeatleast150words.

 

1985

2000

Walking

255

237

Bicycle

51

41

Car

3,199

4,806

Localbus

429

274

Longdistancebus

54

124

Train

289

366

Taxi

13

42

Other

450

585

Allmodes

4,740

6,475

范文:

Ascanbeseenfromthetable,walkandcertainshort-distancetransportation,suchascycledandlocalbustendtobelesspreferred.Ofthese,thelocalbusexperiencedthemostdramaticdecrease,from429milesto274mileswithinthe15-yearsperiod.

Bycontrast,thelongdistancevehicleenjoyedasignificantincreaseovertheperiod,spanningfrom1985to2000,althoughthereexistssomedifferences.Tobemorespecific,thenumberofmilesthatcartraveledwas3,199in1985androseby50%to4,806inthesubsequentyears.Thefigurebylongdistancebusmorethandoubledduringthesameperiod(54milesvs.124miles),whilethemilesbytaxitrebledwhichwere13milesand42milesrespectively.Likewise,theuseofother,unspecified,formsoftransportalsoincreased.

Overall,thereisaconsiderableincreaseintotalmilesbyallmodesoftransportation,comparedwiththedata(4,740miles)in1985,withtheincreaseduseofcarspossiblyaccountingforalmostallofthatincrease.

2.横向比较:

题目:

Thetableshowsthenumberofforeignvisitors(inmillions)to7countries.Writeareportforauniversitylecturerdescribingtheinformationshownbelow.Youshouldwriteatleast150words.

Countryvisited

Total

FromtheUK

FromtheUSA

Australia

3

0.3

0.3

Canada

15

0.6

12.0

France

53

7.4

0.1

Ireland

4

2.4

0.4

Italy

20

1.2

1.8

Mexico

7

0.1

5.5

Thailand

6

0.3

0.3

范文:

(Introduction)Thetableshowsthetotalnumberofvisitorstosevencountriesaroundtheworldanddetailsthenumberofthosevisitorswhoc

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