高考英语二轮考点复习讲义 阅读理解 购物饮食与健康.docx

高考英语二轮考点复习讲义 阅读理解 购物饮食与健康.docx

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高考英语二轮考点复习讲义阅读理解购物饮食与健康

高考英语二轮考点复习讲义：

阅读理解-购物、饮食与健康

大特点。

2.购物与环保问题的结合。

3.指导如何很好的购物，提供使用建议。

4.假日旅游等的购物和饮食问题。

5.饮食安全问题的曝光以及人们如何注意饮食安全问题。

5．如何保持健康的身体，快乐的心情，构建心理健康。

6．饮食与健康的关系。

7.肥胖，睡眠，早餐等与饮食和健康有关的话题。

·链接高考

链接1.（2012广东卷）

Sportsaccountforagrowingamountofincomemadeonthesalesofcommercialtimebytelevisioncompanies.Manytelevisioncompanieshaveusedsportstoattractviewersfromparticularsectionsofthegeneralpublic,andthentheyhavesoldaudiencestoadvertisers.

AnattractionofsportprogramsforthemajorU.S.mediacompaniesisthateventsareoftenheldonSaturdayandSundayafternoons–theslowesttimeperiodsoftheweekforgeneraltelevisionviewing.Sporteventsarethemostpopularweekendprograms,especiallyamongmaleviewerswhomaynotwatchmuchtelevisionatothertimesduringtheweek.Thismeansthetelevisionnetworksareabletoselladvertisingtimeatrelativelyhighpricesduringwhatnormallywouldbedeadtimeforprogramming.

Mediacorporationsalsousesportstoattractcommercialsponsorsthatmighttaketheiradvertisingdollarselsewhereiftelevisionstationsdidnotreportcertainsports.Thepeopleintheadvertisingdepartmentsofmajorcorporationsrealizethatsportsattractmaleviewers.Theyalsorealizethatmostbusinesstravelersaremenandthatmanymenmakefamilydecisionsonthepurchasesofcomputers,carsandlifeinsurance.

Golfandtennisarespecialcasesfortelevisionprogramming.Thesesportsattractfewviewers,andtheratings（收视率）areunusuallylow.However,theaudienceforthesesportsisattractivetocertainadvertisers.ItismadeupofpeoplefromthehighestincomegroupsintheUnitedStates,includingmanylawyersandbusinessmanagers,Thisiswhytelevisionreportingofgolfandtennisissponsoredbycompaniessellinghigh-pricedcars,businessandpersonalcomputers,andholidaytrips.Thisisalsowhythenetworkscontinuetocarrythereprogramsregardlessoflowratings.Advertisersarewillingtopayhighfeestoreachhigh-incomeconsumersandthosemanagerswhomakedecisionstobuythousandsof“companycars”andcomputers.Withsuchviewers,theseprogramsdon’tneedhighratingstostayontheair.

41.Televisionsportprogramsonweekendafternoons________.

A.resultinmoresportevents

B.getmoreviewerstoplaysports

C.makemorepeopleinterestedintelevision

D.bringmoremoneytothetelevisionnetworks

42.Whywouldweekendafternoonsbecomedeadtimewithoutsportprograms?

A.Becausetherewouldbefewviewers.

B.Becausetheadvertiserswouldbeoffwork.

C.Becausetelevisionprogramswouldgoslowly.

D.Becauseviewerswouldpaylessforwatchingtelevision.

43.Inmanyfamilies,menmakedecisionson________.

A.holidaytripsB.sportsviewing

C.televisionsshoppingD.expensivepurchases

44.Theratingsarenotimportantforgolfandtennisprogramsbecause________.

A.theiradvertisersarecarmakers

B.theirviewersareattractedbysports

C.theiradvertiserstargetatrichpeople

D.theirviewerscanaffordexpensivecars

45.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Televisionratingsaredeterminedbymaleviewers.

B.Richviewerscontributemosttotelevisioncompanies.

C.Sportsaregainingimportanceinadvertisingontelevision.

D.Commercialadvertisersarethemajorsponsorsofsportevents.

【难度】一般

链接2.（2012江苏卷）

Medicaldrugssometimescausemoredamagethantheycure.Onesolutiontothisproblemistoputthedrugsinsideacapsule,protectingthemfromthebody—andthebodyfromthem—untiltheycanbereleasedatjusttherightspot.Therearelotsofwaystotrigger（引发）thisrelease,includingchangingtemperature,acidity,andsoon.Buttriggerscancomewiththeirownrisks—burns,forexample.Now,researchersinCaliforniahavedesignedwhatcouldbeaharmlesstriggertodate:

shiningnear-infraredlight（NIR,近红外线）onthedruginthecapsule.

Theideaofusinglighttoliberatethedruginthecapsuleisn'tnew.Researchersaroundtheglobehavedevelopedpolymers（聚合物）andothermaterialsthatbegintobreakdownwhentheyabsorbcitherultraviolet（UV,紫外线）orvisiblelight.ButtissuesalsoreadilyabsorbUVandvisiblelight,whichmeansthedrugreleasecanbetriggeredonlyneartheskin,wherethelightcanreachthecapsule.NIRlightlargelypassesthroughtissues,soresearchershavetriedtouseitasatrigger.Butfewcompounds（化合物）absorbNIRwellandgothroughchemicalchanges.

ThatchangedlastyearwhenAdahAlmutairi,achemistattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,reportedthatsheandhercolleagueshaddesignedapolymerthatbreaksdownwhenitabsorbsNIRlight.TheirpolymerusedacommerciallyavailableNIR-absorbinggroupcalledo-nitrobenzyl（ONB）.Whentheycatchthelight,ONBgroupsfalloffthepolymer,leadingtoitsbreakdown.ButONBisonlyaso-soNIRabsorber,anditcouldbepoisonoustocellswhenitseparatesfromthepolymer.

SoAlmutairiandhercolleaguesreportedcreatinganewmaterialforcapsulesthat'sevenbetter.Thisoneconsistsofalongchainofcompoundscalledcresolgroupslinkedinapolymer.Cresolcontainsreactive（易反应的）componentsthatmakeithighlyunstableinitspolymericform,afeatureAlmutairiandhercolleaguesusetotheiradvantage.Afterpolymerizingthecresols,theycapeachreactivecomponentwithalight-absorbingcompoundcalledBhc.WhentheBhcsabsorbNIRlight,thereactivegroupsareexposedandbreakthelongpolymerintotwoshortchains.Shiningadditionallightcontinuesthisbreakdown,potentiallyreleasinganydrugsinthecapsule.What'smore,Almutairisays,Bhcis10timesbetteratabsorbingNIRthanisONBandisnotpoisonoustocells.

63.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttrigger?

A.Temperaturechange.B.NIRlight.

C.Aciditychange.D.UVlight.

64.WhyinONBunsatisfactory?

A.ItbreaksdownwhenitabsorbsNIRlight.

B.Itfallsoffthepolymerandtriggersdrugrelease.

C.Ithasnotcomeontothemarketuptillnow.

D.Itisnoteffectiveenoughandcouldbepoisonous.

65.Whichwordcanbeusedtocompletethefollowingprocessofchanges?

A.ProtectedB.formedC.exposedD.combined

【考点】科技问—说明文

【文章大意】。

本文是一篇科技文，围绕“怎样使用胶囊，让吃药更加安全、疗效好”这个主题展开研究。

63.【答案】B

【试题解析】细节理解题。

根据第一段最后一句“Now,researchersinCaliforniahavedesignedwhatcouldbeaharmlesstriggertodate:

shiningnear-infraredlightonthedruginthecapsule.”可知，应选B项。

【难度】一般

64.【答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。

根据第三段最后两句中“…ONBgroupsfalloffthepolymer,leadingtoitsbreakdown”和“…anditcouldbepoisonoustocells…”可知，应选D项。

【难度】较难

65.【答案】C

【试题解析】细节理解题。

根据最后一段第五句中“WhentheBhcsabsorbNIRlight,thereactivegroupsareexposed…”可知此处用exposed，即C项正确。

【难度】一般

【长难句解析】

1.Researchersaroundtheglobehavedevelopedpolymers（聚合物）andothermaterialsthatbegintobreakdownwhentheyabsorbcitherultraviolet（UV,紫外线）orvisiblelight.

本句是polymers（聚合物）andothermaterials的定语从句，when引导的时间状语从句。

2.Thisoneconsistsofalongchainofcompoundscalledcresolgroupslinkedinapolymer.Cresolcontainsreactive（易反应的）componentsthatmakeithighlyunstableinitspolymericform,afeature

本句是called动词过去分词做后置定语，修饰alongchainofcompounds.后面是reactive（易反应的）components的定语从句

链接2.（2012陕西卷）

Eatingtoomuchfattyfood,exercisingtoolittleandsmokingcanraiseyourfutureriskofheartdisease.Butthereisanotherfactorthatcancauseyourheartproblemsmoreimmediately:

theairyoubreathe.

Previousstudieshavelinkedhighexposure（暴露）to

environmentalpollutiontoanincreasedriskofheartproblems,buttwoanalysesnowshowthatpoorairqualitycanleadtoheartattackorstroke（中风）withinaslittleasafewhoursafterexposure.Inonereviewoftheresearch,scientistsfoundthatpeopleexposedtohighlevelsofpollutants（污染）wereupto5%morelikelytosufferaheartattackwithindaysofexposurethanthosewithlowerexposure.AseparatestudyofstrokepatientsshowedthatevenairthattheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency（EPA）considerstobeof"moderate"（良好）qualityandrelativelysafeforourhealthcanraisetheriskofstrokeasmuchas34%within12to14hoursofexposure.

Theauthorsofbothstudiesstressthattheserisksarerelativelysmallforhealthypeopleandcertainlymodestcomparedwithotherriskfactorssuchassmokingandhighbloodpressure.However,itisimportanttobeawareofthesedangersbecauseeveryoneisexposedtoairpollutionregardlessoflifestylechoices.SostricterregulationbytheEPAofpollutantsmaynotonlyimproveenvironmentalairqualitybutcouldalsobecomenecessarytoprotectpublichealth.

53.Thetextmainlydiscussestherelationshipbetween

A.heartproblemsandairqualityB.heartproblemsandexercising

CheartproblemsandsmokingD.heartproblemsandfattyfood

54.Theunderlinedword"modest"inParagraph3mostprobablymeans

A.relativelyhighB.extremelylow

CrelativelylowD.extremelyhigh

55.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.Eatingfattyfoodhasimmediateeffectsonyourheart.

B.TheEPAconductedmanystudiesonairquality.

C.Moderateairqualityismoreharmfulthansmoking.

D.Stricterregulationsonpollutantsshouldbemade.

56.Theauthor'spurposeofwritingthetextismostlikelyto.

A.informB.persuadeCdescribe.D.entertain

【考点】说明文

【文章大意】吃太多高脂肪的食物，运动太少，吸烟可引发心脏疾病。

但还有另一个因素

improveenvironmentalairqualitybutcouldalsobecomenecessarytoprotectpublichealth.”。

由此可推测，D选项内容符合题意。

因此，正确答案为D选项。

【难度】一般

56.【答案】A

【试题解析】浏览全文，作者写这篇文章的目的实际上就是为了告之人们心脏病与空气质量之间的关系，A选项符合题意。

因此，正确答案为A选项。

【难度】一般

·专项训练

A

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