内向性格的力量的TED演讲英文演讲稿.docx

内向性格的力量的TED演讲英文演讲稿.docx

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内向性格的力量的TED演讲英文演讲稿

内向性格的力量的TED演讲英文演讲稿

　　WhenIwasnineyearsoldIwentofftosummercampforthefirsttime.Andmymotherpackedmeasuitcasefullofbooks,whichtomeseemedlikeaperfectlynaturalthingtodo.Becauseinmyfamily,readingwastheprimarygroupactivity.Andthismightsoundantisocialtoyou,butforusitwasreallyjustadifferentwayofbeingsocial.Youhavetheanimalwarmthofyourfamilysittingrightnexttoyou,butyouarealsofreetogoroamingaroundtheadventurelandinsideyourownmind.AndIhadthisideathatcampwasgoingtobejustlikethis,butbetter.（Laughter）Ihadavisionof10girlssittinginacabincozilyreadingbooksintheirmatchingnightgowns.

　　（Laughter）

　　Campwasmorelikeakegpartywithoutanyalcohol.Andontheveryfirstdayourcounselorgatheredusalltogetherandshetaughtusacheerthatshesaidwewouldbedoingeverydayfortherestofthesummertoinstillcampspirit.Anditwentlikethis:

"R-O-W-D-I-E,that'sthewaywespellrowdie.Rowdie,rowdie,let'sgetrowdie."Yeah.SoIcouldn'tfigureoutforthelifeofmewhyweweresupposedtobesorowdy,orwhywehadtospellthiswordincorrectly.（Laughter）ButIrecitedacheer.Irecitedacheeralongwitheverybodyelse.Ididmybest.AndIjustwaitedforthetimethatIcouldgooffandreadmybooks.

　　ButthefirsttimethatItookmybookoutofmysuitcase,thecoolestgirlinthebunkcameuptomeandsheaskedme,"Whyareyoubeingsomellow?

"--mellow,ofcourse,beingtheexactoppositeofR-O-W-D-I-E.AndthenthesecondtimeItriedit,thecounselorcameuptomewithaconcernedexpressiononherfaceandsherepeatedthepointaboutcampspiritandsaidweshouldallworkveryhardtobeoutgoing.

　　AndsoIputmybooksaway,backintheirsuitcase,andIputthemundermybed,andtheretheystayedfortherestofthesummer.AndIfeltkindofguiltyaboutthis.Ifeltasifthebooksneededmesomehow,andtheywerecallingouttomeandIwasforsakingthem.ButIdidforsakethemandIdidn'topenthatsuitcaseagainuntilIwasbackhomewithmyfamilyattheendofthesummer.

　　Now,Itellyouthisstoryaboutsummercamp.Icouldhavetoldyou50othersjustlikeit--allthetimesthatIgotthemessagethatsomehowmyquietandintrovertedstyleofbeingwasnotnecessarilytherightwaytogo,thatIshouldbetryingtopassasmoreofanextrovert.AndIalwayssenseddeepdownthatthiswaswrongandthatintrovertswereprettyexcellentjustastheywere.ButforyearsIdeniedthisintuition,andsoIbecameaWallStreetlawyer,ofallthings,insteadofthewriterthatIhadalwayslongedtobe--partlybecauseIneededtoprovetomyselfthatIcouldbeboldandassertivetoo.AndIwasalwaysgoingofftocrowdedbarswhenIreallywouldhavepreferredtojusthaveanicedinnerwithfriends.AndImadetheseself-negatingchoicessoreflexively,thatIwasn'tevenawarethatIwasmakingthem.

　　Nowthisiswhatmanyintrovertsdo,andit'sourlossforsure,butitisalsoourcolleagues'lossandourcommunities'loss.Andattheriskofsoundinggrandiose,itistheworld'sloss.Becausewhenitcomestocreativityandtoleadership,weneedintrovertsdoingwhattheydobest.Athirdtoahalfofthepopulationareintroverts--athirdtoahalf.Sothat'soneoutofeverytwoorthreepeopleyouknow.Soevenifyou'reanextrovertyourself,I'mtalkingaboutyourcoworkersandyourspousesandyourchildrenandthepersonsittingnexttoyourightnow--allofthemsubjecttothisbiasthatisprettydeepandrealinoursociety.Weallinternalizeitfromaveryearlyagewithoutevenhavingalanguageforwhatwe'redoing.

　　Nowtoseethebiasclearlyyouneedtounderstandwhatintroversionis.It'sdifferentfrombeingshy.Shynessisaboutfearofsocialjudgment.Introversionismoreabout,howdoyourespondtostimulation,includingsocialstimulation.Soextrovertsreallycravelargeamountsofstimulation,whereasintrovertsfeelattheirmostaliveandtheirmostswitched-onandtheirmostcapablewhenthey'reinquieter,morelow-keyenvironments.Notallthetime--thesethingsaren'tabsolute--butalotofthetime.Sothekeythentomaximizingourtalentsisforusalltoputourselvesinthezoneofstimulationthatisrightforus.

　　Butnowhere'swherethebiascomesin.Ourmostimportantinstitutions,ourschoolsandourworkplaces,theyaredesignedmostlyforextrovertsandforextroverts'needforlotsofstimulation.AndalsowehavethisbeliefsystemrightnowthatIcallthenewgroupthink,whichholdsthatallcreativityandallproductivitycomesfromaveryoddlygregariousplace.

　　Soifyoupicturethetypicalclassroomnowadays:

WhenIwasgoingtoschool,wesatinrows.Wesatinrowsofdeskslikethis,andwedidmostofourworkprettyautonomously.Butnowadays,yourtypicalclassroomhaspodsofdesks--fourorfiveorsixorsevenkidsallfacingeachother.Andkidsareworkingincountlessgroupassignments.Eveninsubjectslikemathandcreativewriting,whichyouthinkwoulddependonsoloflightsofthought,kidsarenowexpectedtoactascommitteemembers.Andforthekidswhoprefertogooffbythemselvesorjusttoworkalone,thosekidsareseenasoutliersoftenor,worse,asproblemcases.Andthevastmajorityofteachersreportsbelievingthattheidealstudentisanextrovertasopposedtoanintrovert,eventhoughintrovertsactuallygetbettergradesandaremoreknowledgeable,accordingtoresearch.（Laughter）

　　Okay,samethingistrueinourworkplaces.Now,mostofusworkinopenplanoffices,withoutwalls,wherewearesubjecttotheconstantnoiseandgazeofourcoworkers.Andwhenitcomestoleadership,introvertsareroutinelypassedoverforleadershippositions,eventhoughintrovertstendtobeverycareful,muchlesslikelytotakeoutsizerisks--whichissomethingwemightallfavornowadays.AndinterestingresearchbyAdamGrantattheWhartonSchoolhasfoundthatintrovertedleadersoftendeliverbetteroutcomesthanextrovertsdo,becausewhentheyaremanagingproactiveemployees,they'remuchmorelikelytoletthoseemployeesrunwiththeirideas,whereasanextrovertcan,quiteunwittingly,getsoexcitedaboutthingsthatthey'reputtingtheirownstamponthings,andotherpeople'sideasmightnotaseasilythenbubbleuptothesurface.

　　Nowinfact,someofourtransformativeleadersinhistoryhavebeenintroverts.I'llgiveyousomeexamples.EleanorRoosevelt,RosaParks,Gandhi--allthesepeopleddescribedthemselvesasquietandsoft-spokenandevenshy.Andtheyalltookthespotlight,eventhougheveryboneintheirbodieswastellingthemnotto.Andthisturnsouttohaveaspecialpowerallitsown,becausepeoplecouldfeelthattheseleaderswereatthehelm,notbecausetheyenjoyeddirectingothersandnotoutofthepleasureofbeinglookedat;theyweretherebecausetheyhadnochoice,becausetheyweredriventodowhattheythoughtwasright.

　　NowIthinkatthispointit'simportantformetosaythatIactuallyloveextroverts.Ialwaysliketosaysomeofmybestfriendsareextroverts,includingmybelovedhusband.Andweallfallatdifferentpoints,ofcourse,alongtheintrovert/extrovertspectrum.EvenCarlJung,thepsychologistwhofirstpopularizedtheseterms,saidthatthere'snosuchthingasapureintrovertorapureextrovert.Hesaidthatsuchamanwouldbeinalunaticasylum,ifheexistedatall.Andsomepeoplefallsmackinthemiddleoftheintrovert/extrovertspectrum,andwecallthesepeopleambiverts.AndIoftenthinkthattheyhavethebestofallworlds.Butmanyofusdorecognizeourselvesasonetypeortheother.

　　AndwhatI'msayingisthatculturallyweneedamuchbetterbalance.Weneedmoreofayinandyangbetweenthesetwotypes.Thisisespeciallyimportantwhenitcomestocreativityandtoproductivity,becausewhenpsychologistslookatthelivesofthemostcreativepeople,whattheyfindarepeoplewhoareverygoodatexchangingideasandadvancingideas,butwhoalsohaveaseriousstreakofintroversioninthem.

　　Andthisisbecausesolitudeisacrucialingredientoftentocreativity.SoDarwin,hetooklongwalksaloneinthewoodsandemphaticallyturneddowndinnerpartyinvitations.TheodorGeisel,betterknownasDr.Seuss,hedreamedupmanyofhisamazingcreationsinalonelybelltowerofficethathehadinthebackofhishouseinLaJolla,California.AndhewasactuallyafraidtomeettheyoungchildrenwhoreadhisbooksforfearthattheywereexpectinghimthiskindofjollySantaClaus-likefigureandwouldbedisappointedwithhismorereservedpersona.SteveWozniakinventedthefirstApplecomputersittingaloneinhiscubicalinHewlett-Packardwherehewasworkingatthetime.Andhesaysthatheneverwouldhavebecomesuchanexpertinthefirstplacehadhenotbeentoointrovertedtoleavethehousewhenhewasgrowingup.

　　Nowofcourse,thisdoesnotmeanthatweshouldallstopcollaborating--andcaseinpoint,isSteveWozniakfamouslycomingtogetherwithSteveJobstostartAppleComputer--butitdoesmeanthatsolitudemattersandthatforsomepeopleitistheairthattheybreathe.Andinfact,wehaveknownforcenturiesaboutthetranscendentpowerofsolitude.It'sonlyrecentlythatwe'vestrangelybeguntoforgetit.Ifyoulookatmostoftheworld'smajorreligions,youwillfindseekers--Moses,Jesus,Buddha,Muhammad--seekerswhoaregoingoffbythemselvesalonetothewildernesswheretheythenhaveprofoundepiphaniesandrevelationsthattheythenbringbacktotherestofthecommunity.Sonowilderness,norevelations.

　　Thisisnosurprisethoughifyoulookatthe