Chapter 3 Whos on Trial.docx
《Chapter 3 Whos on Trial.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Chapter 3 Whos on Trial.docx（19页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
Chapter3WhosonTrial
Unit1Chapter3Who’sonTrial?
TeachingObjectives
1.developthestudents’abilitytoacquirenewwordsindifferentcontexts;
2.reinforcethememoryofthetenwordsthroughthefeedbackexercises:
matchingtestandthreechecks;
3.gainnewinsightsintovariousassociationsandwordformations,esp.theabilitytousetherootsandderivatives.
TimeAllotment&TeachingContents
Section1
Warming-upactivities:
Pretestofthewholebook
15minutes
Section2
ExplanationandPracticearoundwordsinChapter3
35minutes
FurtherDevelopmentforROOT/PREFIX/SUFFIXinformation
KeyWords
Chapter3
delete
impartial
integrity
legitimate
lenient
menace
morale
naive
overt
undermine
Additionalwords3
illegible
illiterate
immature
inaccessible
inflexible
irrelevant
irreconcilable
underdeveloped
moral
understatement
1.Warm-upActivity（15minutes）
Exercise
2.ExplanationandPracticearoundWordsinChapter3（35minutes）
Aim:
applyingthetheoryoflexicologyinclass;givethestudentsveryclearcluesof
certainwordsandtheirmeanings;teachthestudentshowtolearnEnglishvocabularyandtrainthemskillsofhowtomemorizethenewwords.
TeachingSteps:
1.performtheactivitiesinteractivelybasedonguessingthemeaningofthe10
wordsincontext,trytomakeclasslively;
2.applythetheoryoflexicologytosenserelationsinthetenwords,Tmayexplain
andenlargesomethingimportant.
Analysisofskillsofusing:
contextwithantonyms
contextwithsynonyms
commonsense（generalknowledge）
culturalinformation
createwordpoweronwordsinthechapter
collocation
relatedforms
supplementtowordformation
phrasesandexpressionsfromexamplesentence
synonymdiscrimination:
1.delete:
vt.tostrikeoutorremove（sthwrittenorprinted）▲:
relatedform:
deletion:
n.
createwordpoweroninvitation:
aletterofinvitation邀请信
attheinvitationof应…邀请
sendsb.aninvitationtoaparty向某人发出参加聚会的请贴
astandinginvitation=anopeninvitation长期有效的邀请
createwordpoweronfair:
fairandsquare公平地，直接的，正好，完全地，彻底地
fairplay公平的比赛
fairtrade公平（互惠）贸易
thefairsex女性，妇女
syn:
remove,erase
anto:
add,putin
2.impartial:
adj.notpartialorbiased▲:
JudgeBaoisanimpartialandincorruptiblejudge
包公是一名铁面无私的法官。
[记]词缀记忆：
（im不，无+partial偏心的→不偏心的→公证的）
[词缀]in-,il-im-ir-=not,un-
WORD
MEANING
TYPICALUSE
illegiblea.难读的
notlegible;notabletoberead
Icouldreadmostofthesignatures,butafewwereillegible.
illiteratea.不识字的
notliterate;unabletoreadandwrite;uneducated
Thenewnationundertooktoteachitsilliteratecitizenstoreadandwrite.
illogicala.不合逻辑的
notlogical;notobservingtherulesoflogic（correctreasoning）
Itisillogicaltovoteforacandidatewhomyouhavenofaithin.
immaturea.未成熟的
notmature;notfullygrownordeveloped
ThesophomorewasdefeatedpossiblybecausesomeofthestudentsmayhavethoughthertooimmatureforthepostofpresidentoftheStudentCouncil.
inaccessiblea.不可及的
notaccessible;notabletobereached;hardtogetto
Formostoftheyear,theEskimosettlementsinnorthernQuebecareinaccessible,exceptbyair.
inflexiblea.不可改变的，顽固的
notflexible;noteasilybent;firm;unyielding
Nocompromiseispossiblewhenbothsidesremaininflexible.
ingratituden.忘恩负义
stateofbeingnotgrateful;ungratefulness;lackofgratitude
Valerierefusestoletmeseehernotes,despitethefactthatIhavealwayslenthermine.Didyoueverhearofsuchingratitude?
irrelevanta.不相关的
notrelevant;notapplicable;offthetopic;extraneous
Sticktothetopic;don’tmakeirrelevantremarks.
irreconcilablea.不能协调的
notreconcilable;notabletobebroughtintofriendlyaccord
AfterRomeoandJulietdied,theirfamilies,whohadbeenirreconcilableenemies,becamefriends.
relatedform:
impartiality:
n.
impartially:
adv.
synonymdiscrimination:
lawyer一词是一个很笼统的称呼。
凡在法庭上代人出庭辩护或就各类法律问题为人提供咨询的人，都可以用这个词来指称。
有些律师只接办某一方面的案件，比如医疗事故或公司法；也有些律师能够处理各种不同类型的案子。
在美国，律师也叫attorney，意思是一样的。
counselor一词在美国也指律师，尤指在法院工作的律师。
在法庭上和律师说话时就可以用这个词来称呼他们。
在英国，出庭的辩护律师叫barrister，而主要在办公室或事物所内工作的律师则称solicitor。
这两类不同性质的律师所受的专业训练是不一样的。
syn:
unbiased,unprejudiced,candid,just,fair,even-handed,equal
anto:
biased,discriminating,favoring,partial,prejudiced,unfair,unjust
3.integrity:
n.a.（moreformalthanhonesty）honesty▲:
He'samanofintegrity;hewon'tbreakhispromise
b.completenessorwholeness:
Wemustprotecttheintegrityofournation.
collocation:
inone'sintegrity完整,原封未动
relatedforms：
integrate:
vt.
createwordpoweronbribe:
take[accept,receive]abribe收受贿赂
offer/giveabribe行贿
bribesb.into+N./todo贿赂某人做某事
createwordpoweron旷课:
absentfromclass/school
cutclasses
missingclass
skipschool
playtruant
syn:
a.uprightness,moralsoundness,goodness,virtue
b.unity,wholeness,entireness,entirely,completeness,soundness
anto:
a.dishonestyb.imperfect
4.legitimate:
adj.a.normal,regular:
~businesspractices
b.lawful,allowedoradmittedbylaw:
合法的
Thethiefhasaperfectlylegitimatebusinessasacarsalesman.
Heisthelegitimateheirtotheproperty.
c.（veryformal）（ofanargumentordeductionetc）reasonableorlogical,validoracceptable▲:
正当的，合理的
Sicknessisalegitimatereasonforachild’sbeingabsentfromschool.
relatedforms：
legitimately:
adv.
legitimacy:
n.
legitimation:
n.
legitimize,se:
vt.
createwordpoweronsafe:
safebreaker撬窃保险箱的盗贼=safecracker
safe-depositbox贵重物品存放处（通常指银行的保险箱）
safehouse（避难用的）安身藏身处
safe-keeping妥善保护，妥善保管
syn:
acceptable,legalvalid
anto:
illegal,illegitimate,invalid,unlawful
5.lenient:
adj.notstrict,asindisciplining,soft▲:
宽大的，仁慈的
Heisalenientjudge.Sheislenientwithherson.
collocation:
belenienttowardsorwithsb.
relatedforms：
leniency:
n.
lenience:
n.
leniently:
adv.
lenity:
n.宽大；仁慈；温和
createwordpowerondog:
bloodhound大警犬（嗅觉十分灵敏，常用于追踪人）
Canine狗或其他犬科动物（包括狗、狼、豺、狐）；[解剖学]犬齿，犬牙
cur杂种狗，劣种狗
poodle长毛狗，贵妇犬
pekinese小狮子狗，哈巴狗
pup小狗
whelp狗崽，幼犬
compoundwordsondog:
dogdays三伏天
dog-eared（尤指书籍和文件因翻得多而形成）折角的
dog-end烟头；剩余物品
dog-fight狗打仗；（战斗机的）空战
dogged顽固的，坚持不懈的
doggybag剩菜袋[饭店打包]
dogleg（道路、跑道）急转弯；（尤指高尔夫球场的）弯曲球道
dogsbody[英]勤杂工
dog’sdinner[breakfast][英，贬，俚]弄得一团糟的事
doghouse（AmE）=kennel（BrE），狗屋，狗窝
dogshow赛狗会
dogtired[非正式]非常疲倦的
theDogStar天狼星（大犬座的主星）
idiomsondog:
adog’schance极有限的一点机会[希望]（用于否定句）
dog’slife潦倒，苦难的日子，悲惨的生活
dieadog’sdeath=dielikeadog死得很惨
gotothedogs（口语）没落，堕落，灭亡
inthedoghouse（口语）丢脸，挨骂，受耻辱
putonthedog（俚语）装腔作势，摆架子
syn:
indulgent[纵容的；放纵的,宽容的；过于宽厚的],mild,tolerant
anto:
severe,strict
6.menace:
na.sth.thatthreatenstocauseevilorharm▲:
威胁
Amanwhodrivesfastisamenacetootherpeople.
Indryweather,forestfiresareamenacetohumanbeing.
b.averyannoyingperson:
Thatwomanisamenace!
Keepherawayfromthismachine
vt.tothreaten:
Hemenacedthebankmanagerwithagun.
Floodsmenacedthevalleytownswithdestruction.
collocation:
menaceto+n.
menacesb.with+n.
undermenace受威胁
relatedforms：
menacing:
adj.
menacingly:
adv.
用法说明：
rain[雨]是指云层的降水；hail[雹]是水滴或小冰块降下的；snow[雪]是以凝结而成的白色软结晶的形式降下的；sleet[雨夹雪]是指部分融化的雪。
syn:
n.danger,hazard,threat,threatening,peril,jeopardy
vt.imperial,threaten,frighten,intimidate[恐吓,威胁].
7.morale:
n.thelevelofcourageandconfidenceine.g.anarmy;thementalconditionofapersonorgroupwithrespecttocheerfulness,confidence,etc士气▲:
Inspiteofthedefeat,moralewasstillhigh.
Theyneedsomethingtoraisetheirmorale.
[记]（mor+ale→有道德精神→士气
[词根]mor=moral表示“道德”
moraladj.道德的n.道德，伦理
TheUNfeelsthatithasthemoralauthoritytosendtroopstothearea.
联合国认为它在道义上有权向该地区派遣部队。
morallyadv.道德上
immoraladj.不道德的
moralityn.道德，美德
collocation:
groupmorale团体士气
boost/raisemorale提高士气
culturalinformationonJob:
Job[约伯]istheherooftheOldTestament[旧约全书]thatbearshisnameawealthyandprosperousmansuddenlyovertakenbydirecalamities,thetypicalexampleof
patienceundermisfortune.
idiom:
thepatienceofJob:
（Fig.）tohaveagreatdealofpatience极大的耐心
syn:
esprit,espritdecorps,mood
8.naïve:
adj.aFrenchloanword（adj.,intheformofnaïf）.Itcanalsobespelled
naive.Itmeanssimpleandstraightforwardinone’swayof
thinking,speakingoracting:
It'snaiveofyoutobelievehe'lldowhathesays.
b.（derog.）ignorantlysimple,lackingsocialoreconomicunderstanding
orsophistication▲:
幼稚的，轻信的
Youcan’tbesonaïveastobelievethat!
relatedforms：
naivety:
n.
naïveté:
n.
naïvete:
n.
naively:
adv.
createwordpoweronstreet:
streetArab街头流浪儿
streetcar[AmE]=tram[BrE]无轨电车
streetcleaner清道夫
streetcredibility街头信誉
streetlamp[light]路灯
streetvalue（海洛因等毒品的）街头黑市价
streetwalker=prostitute妓女
notinthesamestreet（as）不在同一水平上，无法相比
syn:
a.simple-mindedb.unsophisticated,unrealistic
anto:
sophisticated
9.overt:
adj.openlyandeasilyobservable▲:
公开的，明显的
Sendingthemessagesistheovertaidtotherebels.
relatedforms：
overtly:
adv.
syn:
apparent,unconcealed,public,undisguised,observable,open,undisguised,
visible
anto:
covert[隐蔽的，偷偷摸摸的，隐密的]concealed,hidden,private,secret
10.undermine:
vt.a.tomake（e.g.abuilding）insecurebydiggingawayordestroyingthebaseorfoundations:
Theriverwasbeingunderminedbyastream.
b.toweaken（e.g.aperson’shealthorauthority）,toinjureordestroygradually▲:
Constanthardworkhadunderminedhishealth.
HeunderminesmyauthoritybyallowingthechildrentodothingsthatI’veforbidden.
relatedforms：
underminer:
n.潜挖坑道者；暗中破坏者
syn:
debilitate[使身心）衰弱，衰竭，虚弱,削弱（国家、机构
升级会员 