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研究生英语期末考试2
ENGLISHPROFICIENCYEXAM
FORNON-ENGLISHMAJORPOSTGRADUATESTUDENTS
Jan.6th,2011
PART1:
Vocabulary(20%)
Directions:
Inthispart,thereare20incompletesentences.Foreachsentencethereare4choicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.MarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.
1.ThepopulationoftheUnitedKingdomis____toincreasebyover4millionto65.6millionin2018.
A.projected
B.expanded
C.committed
D.assigned
2.It'struethathumanityhasseena____ofcrises,warsandatrocities,butthisnegativesideisoffsetbyadvancesintechnologyandculturalexchanges.
A.line
B.quantity
C.set
D.succession
3.Alcoholisoneofthemostcommonlyabusedsubstances,andmenareuptotwiceas____todevelopalcoholismaswomen.
A.subject
B.likely
C.susceptible
D.responsible
4.Firesinhomesandofficescouldbe____moreefficientlyusingtechnologythatpredictshowablazewillspread.
A.manipulated
B.solved
C.tackled
D.operated
5.Anexclusivefocusonforests--____theentirelandscape--couldleadtoinequitableanddestructiveoutcomesforthepoorindevelopingcountries.
A.inrelationto
B.asopposedto
C.incaseof
D.onbehalfof
6.Increasingvariabilityinyear-to-yearrainfallandmorefrequentextremeeventswillchangeecosystemsandspeedupthe____ofsoilandwaterresources.
A.degradation
B.recession
C.civilization
D.utilization
7.SedentarybehaviorssuchasTVviewingand"screentime"involvingcomputeruse,videosandvideogamesappearto____elevatedbloodpressureinchildren,independentofbodycomposition.
A.beassociatedwith
B.comeupwith
C.getinvolvedin
D.inchargeof
8.Whileauthorsupallnighttogettheirvisionintowordshavebeenaroundforages,computersandmobilephoneshave____thatlifestyletoothers.
A.ledto
B.openedup
C.paidoff
D.drawnon
9.Theheatradiatingoffroadwayshaslongbeenafactorinexplainingwhycitytemperaturesareoften____warmerthannearbysuburbanorruralareas.
A.adequately
B.immediately
C.accurately
D.considerably
10.Usingwindenergywherethewindblowsstrongestmakesperfect____aslongastheenergycanbereadilytransportedtowhereitisneeded.
A.sense
B.reason
C.judgment
D.conclusion
11.AteamofscientistsfromtheUniversityofSheffieldhavedevelopedaninnovativedevicewhichwillmaketheproductionofalternativebio-fuelsmoreenergy____.
A.diverse
B.effective
C.delicate
D.efficient
12.AmajorityofAmericancitizensarenowbecoming____oftheclaimthatourcarbonfootprints,resultingfromouruseoffossilfuels,aregoingtoleadtoclimaticcalamities.
A.skeptical
B.doubtful
C.indifferent
D.innocent
13.Robotsaremanmademachinesintendedto____humanandanimalbehavior.
A.replicate
B.duplicate
C.confirm
D.identify
14.Today,peoplearedrawingsomuchwaterfrombelowthattheyareaddingenoughofittotheoceans(mainlybyevaporation,thenprecipitation)to____about25percentoftheannualsealevelriseacrosstheplanet,theresearchersfind.
A.sumup
B.attributeto
C.bringabout
D.accountfor
15.Newinventions,ifhandyandinexpensive,will____beacceptedbysociety.
A.accidentally
B.eventually
C.incidentally
D.evidently
16.Asprimarycaregivers,parentsareoftenbelievedtohaveastronginfluenceonchildren'seatingbehaviors.However,previousfindingsonparent-child____indietaryintakesaremixed.
A.identity
B.resemblance
C.deviation
D.alternation
17.Employeeswhotelecommutethemajorityoftheworkweekaremoresatisfiedwiththeirjobscomparedtothoseworkingmostlyintheofficebecauseworkingremotely____morestressthanitcreates.
A.alleviates
B.restrains
C.incurs
D.involves
18.Whiletheactofselectinganeverydaywritingutensilseemstobeasimpleenoughtask,scientistshavefoundthatitactuallycouldshed____oncomplexculturaldifferences.
A.shine
B.picture
C.light
D.profile
19.Designersofrobotpetsarefightinganever-endingbattlewithconsumerstoprovideentertainingandrealisticgadgetsthat____humaninteractioninevermorenuancedways,mimickingthebehaviorofrealpetanimalsorevenpeople.
A.respondto
B.interferewith
C.wardoff
D.giveup
20.Thedisposalofnuclear____hasalwaysbeenaconcernofhealth-sensitivepeople.
A.rubbish
B.waste
C.trash
D.litter
PART2:
Cloze(15%)
Directions:
Inthispartofthetest,you’llreadanincompletepassagewith15blanks.Readthepassagecarefully,andchoosethebestanswerfromchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ThenonyourANSWERSHEET,findthenumberofthequestionandmarkyouranswerwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.
Therearemanyindividualswhowouldfeelthattheyhaveareasonableexpectationofprivacyintheirdailylife.Everyonehastherighttorespectforhisorherprivatelife,propertyandcorrespondence.Anemployeeisalso__21__thecomfortandordinaryenjoymentofhisorherprivatelifewithoutunreasonable__22__byhisorheremployer.
Thenotionofprivacyderivesfromtheassumption__23__allinformationaboutapersonistheirown,forthatpersontocommunicateorretainasheorsheseesfit.Inthecomputerizedworkplace,__24__thatthemostpopularuseoftheinternetissendingandreceivingemails,manyemployees__25__viewuseoftheiremployer’semailsystemasakintomakingatelephonecall,andthusfeeltheemailmessagestheysendontheircompany’sinternalsystemshouldbe__26__intrusion.
Oftenemployerswillstresstotheiremployeesthat__27__leavingtheirdesks,theyshouldnotleavetheircomputersturnedonasthatmayallowothersto__28__theirfilesoremails.Suchacommentmaygivethemawrongimpressionofsomeprivacyorsecurityovertheiremailasthereis__29__theirlockersanddeskdrawers.Theywouldfeeltheyhavealegitimateexpectationofprivacyinrelationtotheircommunications.
Evenhavingpasswordscangiveemployeesafalse__30__ofsomeprivacyovertheiremail,becausemanytimesthey__31__tosafeguardtheirpasswordsandnotgivethemtoanyone.Manyemployeeswouldnaively__32__thatbyusingtheirpassword,theywouldhavecontrolandtheycouldpreventany__33__accesstotheironlinecommunications.
Permanencyofemailisanotherconcern.Mostemployeeswronglythinkthat__34__theydeletetheiremailitisgoneforever.Thefactisthatemailsarehardtodestroyasmostelectronicdocumentsarebackedupand__35__.Thedeletecommanddoesnotmakeamessagedisappear;itcanstillberetrievedfromback-upsystems.Emailmessagescaneasilybeinterceptedandreadbysystemmanagers,operatorsandemployers.
21.
A.entitledto
B.titledto
C.entitledwith
D.titledwith
22
A.disturbance
B.interruption
C.interference
D.disruption
23.
A.whose
B.that
C.ofwhich
D.which
24.
A.toconsider
B.consider
25.
C.havingconsidered
A.greatly
C.partly
D.considering
B.wrongly
D.rightly
26.
A.freefrom
B.similarto
C.awayfrom
D.closeto
27.
A.as
B.when
28.
C.upon
A.accessible
C.accessibleto
D.once
B.access
D.accessto
29.
A.for
B.from
C.with
D.in
30.
A.assurance
B.insurance
C.obscurity
D.security
31.
A.havetold
B.havebeentold
C.weretold
D.told
32.
A.assume
B.maintain
C.undertake
D.sustain
33
A.unauthorized
B.authorized
C.pirated
D.forbidden
34.
A.as
B.because
C.if
D.evenif
35.
A.recovered
C.recalled
B.recoverable
D.recalling
Part3:
ReadingComprehension(40%)
Directions:
Inthispartofthetest,thereare4passages.Aftereachpassagethereare5questionsorunfinishedstatementsfollowedby4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatcanbestanswerthequestionorcompletethestatement,andthenonyourANSWERSHEET,findthenumberofthequestionandmarkyouranswerwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.
Passage1
Wedon'tneedtotellyouhowcompetitivetoday'sjobmarketis.Youknowthatcompaniesaroundtheworldarecompetingagainstoneanothertoofferqualityproductsandservicesatthelowestpossiblecosts.Companiesaresendingjobsoverseasiftheycancutcostsbydoingso. Alternatively,theyaresimplysheddingjobsbythethousandsinordertostayprofitable.
Inmanyplaces,therearefarfewerlocallybasedbusinessesthatarethrivingorevensurviving.Manyhaveeitherbeenacquiredbyout-of-townownersorhavebeenputoutofbusinessbylargemultinationalcorporationswithdauntingeconomiesofscale,suchasWalmart.Unfortunately,manyoftheselargercorporationsdon'tsharethesamesenseofresponsibility,loyalty,andcommitmenttotheiremployeesandthelocalcommunitiesinwhichtheydobusiness—unliketheirformerowners.Regardlessofwhatthecorporatemissionstatementssay,manyemployersdon'tvaluetheiremployeesasindividualsastheyoncedid.
Inthepast,companyCEOsandpresidentsmayhaveknownalloftheiremployees—andeventheiremployees'familymembers—onapersonalbasis.Nowit'severyemployeeforhimselforherself.Often,thepaceofbusinessistoofast—andjobturnoveristoohigh—foranyonetoreallygettoknowanyoneelse.Thisistherealitythatyoumustfaceasajobseeker.
Generationsago,youwereconsideredajobhopperifyoudidn'tstayatacompanyforatleast10years.Intoday'sworkforce,gettinganewjobeverytwotothreeyearsismoreoftherulethantheexception.Assadasitmayseem,allemployeesarereplaceable,and,eventually,mostemployeeswi