初中被动语态40道经典练习题.docx
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初中被动语态40道经典练习题
初中被动语态40道经典练习题
1)Itissaidthatanewrobot____byhiminafewdays.
A)designeB)hasbeendesigned
C)willbedesignedD)willhavebeendesigned
2)Wearelate.Iexpectthefilm____bythetimewegettothecinema.
A)willalreadyhavestartedB)wouldalreadyhavestarted
C)shallhavealreadystartedD)hasalreadybeenstarted
3)Shewillstopshowingoffifnonotice____ofher.
A)istakenB)takesC)willbetakenD)hastaken
4)Diamond_______inBrazil.
A)foundB)hasbeenfoundC)wasfoundD)hadbeenfound
5)“Haveyoumovedtothenewflat?
”“Notyet.Theroom____.”
A)hasbeenpaintedB)ispaintedC)paintsD)isbeingpainted
6)Mypictures____untilnextFriday.
A)won'tdevelopB)aren'tdeveloped
C)don'tdevelopD)won'tbedeveloped
7)Tim____sincehelosthisjobthreeweeksago.
A)hadbeenunemployedB)wasunemployed
C)hasbeenunemployedD)hasunemployed
8)Agreatnumberofcollegesanduniversities____since1949.
A)hasbeenestablishB)havebeenestablished
C)haveestablishedD)hadbeenestablished
9)I'llhavetopushthecartothesideoftheroadbecausewe____ifweleaveithere.
A)wouldbefinedB)willbefined
C)willbeingfinedD)willhavebeenfined
10)“____twoticketsforthenewplayattheGrandTheatreonSaturday.Shallwegoandseeittogether?
”
A)TheyhavebeengivenB)Ihavebeengiven
C)IamgivenD)Theyhavegiventome
11)Thesubjectoftheselectures____bythelecturecommittee.
A)isannouncedB)havebeenannounced
C)areannouncedD)hasbeenannounced
12)Ifoundanaspirinbottle____droppedonthefloorofDavid'sroom.
A)wasB)hadC)hadbeenD)is
13)Thegoods____whenwearrivedattheairport.
A)werejustunloadingB)werejustbeenunloading
C)hadjustunloadedD)werejustbeingunloaded
14)Ifone____bypride,hewillrejectusefuladviceandfriendlyassistance.
A)overcomesB)isovercome
C)hasbeenovercomeD)overcome
15)Mostenvironmentproblemsexistbecauseadequatemeasuresforpreventingthem____takeninthepast.
A)wasnotB)werenotC)werenotbeingD)hadnotbeen
16)Yououghttohaveputthemilkintherefrigerator,now____sour.
A)IsmellB)itissmeltC)itsmellsD)itissmelling
17)Aftertherace____,thecelebrationbegan.
A)hadbeenwonB)iswonC)willbewonD)hasbeenwon
18)Hewashereforalittlewhile,butIdon'tknowwhereshe____now.
A)isB)wasC)hadbeenD)hasbeen
19)Theyoungteacherhas____competent.
A)beenprovedtobeB)provedtobe
C)beenprovedD)provedbeing
20)Pluto,theoutermostplanetofthesolarsystem,____photographicallyinMarch1930.
A)discoveredB)wasdiscovered
C)bediscoveryD)whendiscovered
21)Togetabetterviewofthestage,____.
A)ourseatshadtobechangedB)ourseatswerechanged
C)wehadtochangeourseatsD)ourseatswerechangedbyus
22)Aftersynthetic____,engineershadabetterchoiceofmaterial.
A)createdB)hascreated
C)hasbeencreatedD)hadbeencreated
23)Ithinkmuchattention____yourpronunciation.
A)mustbepaidtoB)oughttobepaidto
C)mustpaytoD)shouldbepaidto
24)Since1970,millionsofenthusiasts____VitaminC,whichtheybelievecanremedythecommoncold.
A)havetakenB)havebeentaken
C)havebeentakingD)havebeentaking
25)Idon'tremember____thechancetotrythismethod.
A)havingbeengivenB)tohavebeengiven
C)havinggivenD)tohavegiven
26)Wecouldasksomeonetodotheworkprivatelywithoutit____.
A)knowB)beknownC)beingknownD)tobeknown
27)Theconstructionofthelaboratory____bytheendofnextmonth.
A)mustbecompletedB)musthavebeencompleted
C)willbecompletingD)willhavebeencompleting
28)TheywouldtellhowtheAfrican____onashiptoanAmericanport.
A)wasbroughtB)couldhavebeenbrought
C)hadbeenbroughtD)wastobebrought
29)Hedoesnotpossessabicycle,thisoneheuses____toPeter.
A)isbelongedtoB)belongedC)belongsD)isbelonging
30)Negotiation____againwithMoscowtomorrow,agreateventwillbediscussedthen.
A)istobeopenedB)isonthepointofopening
C)isgoingtoopenedD)opens
31)Thereasonforallthechangesbeingmade____tousyet.
A)hasnotexplainedB)hasnotbeenexplained
C)didnotexplainedD)werenotexplained
32)Experimentsinthephotographyofmovingobjects____inboththeUnitedStatesandEuropewellbefore1900.
A)wereconductingB)wereconducted
C)hadbeenconductedD)hadconducted
33)Whenheturnedthecorner,hefoundhimself____byamaninblack.
A)tailedB)beentailedC)wastailedD)hadbeentailed
34)Acandidateforthedemocraticpresidentialnomination____atthismoment.
A)isinterviewingB)beinginterviewed
C)isbeinginterviewedD)interviewing
35)Asweapproachedtheworksite,theworkerswereseen____thenewhouse.
A)buildingB)buildC)builtD)tobuild
36)Asweknow,alltheregulationsinschool____.
A)mustkeeptoB)mustbekept
C)mustkeepD)mustbekeptup
37)Thecomposition____anymore.
A)neednottobecorrectedB)doesn'tneedtobecorrected
C)doesn'tneedbecorrectedD)neednotcorrect
38)Thebankisreportedinthelocalnewspaper____inbroaddaylightyesterday
A)toberobbedB)tohavekeenrobbed
C)robbedD)shavingsbeenrobbed
39)Hurryup,orthetickets___outbythetimewegetthere.
A)willhavesoldB)willsell
C)havesoldD)willhavebeensold
40)Hecleanedtheglassescarefullyforfearthatit____.
A)wasdamagedB)shouldbedamaged
C)damagedD)wouldbedamaged
英语被动语态
被动语态,即不知道动作执行者或强调动作承受者的一种语态。
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
英语中有两种语态:
主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。
1语法结构
英语被动语态的构成通常是:
“Be+done”。
但“Get+done”也可以构成被动语态,用这种结构的句子侧重于动作的结果而不是动作本身。
如:
Themangothurtonhiswayhome.那个男人在回家的路上受伤了。
Howdidtheglassgetbroken?
杯子怎么破了?
著名学者周海中教授在论文《Get-Passive研究》中指出:
Get+过去分词的被动语态是一种新兴的被动语态形式;相对来说它的使用还没有Be+过去分词构成的被动语态那么广泛,一般限于口语和非正式书面语;但它却有着用得愈来愈多的趋势,是一种生气蓬勃的语言现象。
[1]例如:
Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.中文Chinese是动词speak的承受者。
被例如中文常说:
我被他打,这就是一种被动。
但有时由于句子结构上的需要也要用被动,例如Itisnotunusualforworkersinthatregiontobepaidmorethanamonthit在句中作形式主语。
而不定式tobepaidmorethanamonth是句子的逻辑主语。
结合选项全句的意思是:
“那个地方的工人一个多月后才得到工资是常有的事”。
2语法要点
当主动语态要被改成被动的时候,我们把原句的宾语提前,作为改句的主语,主语后置,作为宾语。
因此有一点要注意,不及物动词由于不加宾语,没有被动形式,但不及物动词如果与某些介词构成介词短语,可以用被动。
例如Thefirehadbeenputoutbeforethefiremanarrived.Put是不及物动词,但putout是及物动词。
TENSE
主动语态
被动语态
一般现在时
be+V.\V.s
am\is\are+(p.p)
一般将来时
will\begoingto\be(about)to+V.
willbe+(p.p)
现在进行时
am\is\are+V.ing
am\is\are+being+(p.p)
一般过去时
①was\were②V.ed
was\were+(p.p)
现在完成时
have\has+V.p.p
have\has+been+(p.p)
过去完成时
had+V.p.p
had+been+(p.p)
过去进行时
was\were+V.ing
was\were+being+(p.p)
情态动词
情态动词+V.
情态动词+be+(p.p)
句型概述
①(,一般将来):
am,is,are,was,were,isgoingtobe,willbe+done.例如:
Onceenvironmentaldamageisdone,ittakesmanyyearsforthesystemtorecover.本句的意思是:
“环境一旦遭到破坏,需要多年时间才能恢复过来。
”do作为及物动词有“引起,产生”的含义,dodamage的意思是“造成破坏”。
主语damage是及物动词do的动作对象,谓语应当用被动语态。
④其他时态以此类推,可得到结果。
⑤情态动词的被动语态:
主语+情态动词+be动词+动词过去分词,例如Yourteethmustbebrushed.
⑥不定式的被动语态:
tobedone例:
Theno-showshavetobeconsideredwhendecidingtherateofoverbooking.(确定超过接待能力的预定时必须考虑预定了房间却来不了的客人。
特殊情况
①有些动词在主动结构中,后面接不带to的不定式,但如果改为被动,则需把省略的to加上,这类动词有[let,make,have,help]和感官动词[feel,see,hear,watch,lookat,listento],如:
Thebossmademygrandfatherwork10hoursaday.改成Mygrandfatherwasmadetoworkfor10hoursaday.
②含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动,通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语,从句放在句子后面/也可采用另一种形式,这类动词有:
know,say,believe,find,think,report等
③不是所有的主动句都可以变换成被动句,更不是所有的被动句都可以自由变换成主动句。
虽然语法原则上允许主动和被动句的互相转换,但有的句子转换后会变成不通顺或不地道的英语句子。
因此,在某些题目里,这也成为判断应该用主动还是用被动的依据。
例:
At5:
05p.m.onSaturday19thJuly,therewasanaccidentatthejunctionoftheMainStreetandPandaRoadwhenaboywasknockeddownoffhisbicyclebyadeliveryvan.TheboywassenttoSt.MariaHospitalwherehewastreatedforshockandabrokenarm.
在这段文章里,aboywasknockeddownoffhisbicyclebyadeliveryvan这句被动句强调出读到文章的人最关心的事故的受害者。
TheboywassenttoSt.MariaHospital这句话则说明了孩子被送到医院的事实,至于是由谁(某个过路人?
或肇事司机?
)送的不重要。
hewastreatedforshockandabrokenarm这句被动句无须说出treat这个动作的发出者,因为在医院,伤病员自然由医务人员处理,无须啰嗦。
这样,这段文章就重点突出,条理清楚了。
④有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。
多是把间接宾语变为主语。
这样句子自然些。
直接宾语变为主语时,间接宾语要变为某个介词的宾语,介词to可以省略。
如Hisfatherlefthimthishouse.改为Thishousewasleft(to)himbyhisfather.
⑤有些动词虽为及物,但宾语并非是动作承受者,不能转换,这些动词有have,hold(容纳),suit,fit,lack,become(适合)contain,cost,last,mean,suffice(足够)等。
⑥当直接宾语为反身代词、相互代词或宾语前有指代主语的物主代词时不用被动,如Ishookmyhead.我摇摇头。
⑦当宾语为同源宾语(与主句指同一人),动名词,动词不定式或一个从句时不用被动。
如Johnenjoyedseeingthefil,.
⑧在一些固定说法中,有些名词和动词结合的固定说法,不能改WeChinesealwayskeepourword.
⑨某些从不及物动词转化来的及物动词,直接宾语在表示动作的方式或效果时,这些动词在意思上起状语的作用,没有被动Thegirlkissedherboyfriendgoodnight=Thegirlsaidgoodnighttoherboyfriendbykissinghim.(这个女孩说了晚安并且亲了他的男朋友)
⑩表地点\处所\组织\长度\大小\数量\程度\抽象名词的词做宾语时不用被动.
⑪某些“不及物动词+介词”短语walkinto,listento,sleepin,agreewith,shakehandswith,belongto,takepartin,keepupwith不能用被动。
⑫某些词用主动表被动:
sell,miss,build,grow,smell,taste,sound,feel等
3时态
1.一般现在时的被动语态构成:
is/am/are+及物动词的过去分词
Ourclassroomiscleanedeveryday.
Iamaskedtostudyhard.
Knivesareusedforcuttingthings.
2.一般过去时的被动语态构成:
was/were+及物动词的过去分词
Anewshopwasbuiltlastyear.
Dinosaureggswerelaidlonglongago.
3.现在完成时的被动语态构成:
has/have+been+及物动词的过去分词
Thisbookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.
Manyman-madesatelliteshavebeensentupintospacebymanycountries.
4.一般将来时的被动语态构成:
will/shall+be+及物动词的过去分词
Anewhospitalwillbebuiltinourcity.
Manymoretreeswillbeplantednextyear.
5.含有情态动词的被动语态构成