代词教案.docx

代词教案.docx

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代词教案

新疆医科大学教案首页

编号：

_____No.5____

课程名称

EnglishGrammar

专业

EnglishMajor

班级

Grade2012-2

主讲教师

ZhaoYan

计划时数

2periods

专业层次

Under-graduates

专业技术

职称

Lecturer

编写时间

Nov20,2012

章节名称

LectureFive:

Pronouns

使用时间

Nov.30,2012

教学目的

与要求

Studentsshouldbeableto:

1）graspthebasicgrammaticaltermsrelatedtothelecture

2）graspclassificationofpronounsandthebasicrulesofpronouns

3）Solveproblemsrelatedtothelecture

重点与难点

1.Grammaticaltermsrelatedtothelecture

2.Pronounconcordinnumber,genderandperson;Choiceofpronouncaseform;possessivepronouns,reflexivepronounsandgenericuseofpersonalpronouns;pronounreference

教学内容

更新情况

1.Graspinggrammaticaltermsrelatedtothelecture

2.Acomparativestudyofsomepronounusage.

教学方法

与

组织安排

1stperiod

Step1Revisionofwhatwehavelearnedlastlesson（10minutes）

Step2Wordsrelatedtothelecture（5minutes）

Step3Introductionofpronouns---Pronounconcordinnumber,genderandperson（20minutes）.

Step4:

FinishofftheexerciseonP127andP132.（15minutes）

2stperiod

Step1:

Introductionofthechoiceofpronouncaseform（15minutes）

Step2:

finishofftheexerciseonP141（5minutes）

Step3:

introductionofpossessivepronouns,reflexivepronouns,genericuseofpersonalpronouns（25mins）

Step4:

Homework（5minutes）

教学手段

Teachingmaterials,Computer-basedteachingandblackboardforsomeimportantwordslearning

基本教材

和参考书

1.EnglishGrammarCoursebook2.Teachers’book3.VocabularyandGrammarofTEM-4

4.InformationfromInternet

集体备课

教研室

审查意见

EnglishGrammarCourse

Lecture5Pronouns

Part1Generalplan

1stperiod

Step1Revisionofwhatwehavelearnedlastlesson（10minutes）

Step2Wordsrelatedtothelecture（5minutes）

Step3Introductionofpronouns---Pronounconcordinnumber,genderandperson（20minutes）.

Step4:

FinishofftheexerciseonP127andP132.（15minutes）

2stperiod

Step1:

Introductionofthechoiceofpronouncaseform（15minutes）

Step2:

finishofftheexerciseonP141（5minutes）

Step3:

introductionofpossessivepronouns,reflexivepronouns,genericuseofpersonalpronouns（25minutes）

Step4:

Homework（5minutes）

Part2Detailedplan

Objectives:

Studentswillbeableto:

1）Graspthebasicgrammaticaltermsrelatedtothelecture

2）Grasptheclassificationofpronounsandthebasicrulesofpronouns

3）Solveproblemsrelatedtothelecture

1stperiod

Step1Revisionofwhatwehavelearnedlastlesson（10minutes）

1.Grammaticaltermsrelatedtosubject-verbnoun,nounphrases,genitivenoun

2.Checkthehomework.

Step2Wordsrelatedtothelecture（5minutes）

Beforewelearnthispart,Iwanttoknowhowmanygrammaticaltermsrelatedtothislectureyouhaveknown.Ok,lookatthefollowingwordsandtrytorememberthem:

1）人称代词personalpronoun2）物主代词possessivepronoun

3）反身代词reflexivepronoun4）相互代词reciprocalpronoun

5）指示代词demonstrativepronoun6）关系代词relativepronoun

7）不定代词indefinitepronoun8）先行项antecedent

9）性gender10）阴性femininegender11）阳性masculinegender12）中性neutergender13）通性commongender14）主格subjectivecase

15）代词照应pronounreference16）后照应anaphoricreference

17）前照应cataphoricreference18）语境照应situationalreference

19）人称照应personalreference20）指示照demonstrativereference

Step3Introductionofpronoun

Pronounsareavariedclosed-classwords,withnominalfunction.Englishhasadevelopedpronounsystem,comprising:

Personalpronouns

Possessivepronouns

Reflexivepronouns

Reciprocalpronouns

Demonstrativepronouns

Interrogativepronouns

Relativepronouns

Indefinitepronouns

1.Pronounconcordinnumber

Thechoiceofpronounnumberformsisgenerallydeterminedbythenumberofitsantecedent,thatistosay,apronounmustagreewithitsantecedentinnumber.Hereareafewpointsthatmeritourattention:

1）pronounconcordwithevery-,some-,any-compoundsasantecedent

Compare:

●Anybodycanattendthemeetingifheisinterested.

●Everyonewasclappingtheirhands.

●Everybodytalkedatthetopofhisvoice.

●Anythingonthetablecanbethrownaway,can’tit?

2）Pronounconcordwithcoordinateconstructionasantecedent.

●Myfriendandroommatehasagreedtolendmehiscar.

●Myfriendandmyroommatehaveagreedtolendmetheircar.

3）Pronounconcordwithcollectivenounasantecedent.

●Theteamhaswonitsfirstgame

●Theteamarenowonthefloortakingtheirpracticeshotsatthebasket.

4）Pronounconcordwith“pluralnoun/pronoun+each”asantecedent.

●Theyeachhadtheirproblems

●Theyhadeachhisownproblem.

2.pronounconcordingender

Genderisagrammaticalcategory.Itisasetofgrammaticalformsofnouns,deterinersandadjectivesthattellofthedistinctionsofsex.UnlikesomeEuropeanlanguagessuchasGerman,FrenchandRussianthathaveacomplicatedfendersystem,theEnglishlanguageisnotmarkedwithanygenderdistinctionsexceptforsomepronouns.

Englishnounshasfourgenders:

Whole-classactivity:

Askstudentstolistoutthefourgendersandgiveexamples:

femininegender

masculinegender

neutergender

commongender

1）Pronounconcordwithmale/femalenounasantecedent

Carmen,Doyle,Emile,Frances,Giles,Gill,Hallis,Holly,Ira,Ina,etc,thatoftencausedifficultyindecidingwhethertheyaremaleorfemale.

Eg:

Doyleprideshimselfuponhisskillasapianist.

Amywillgivenconsiderableauthorityifsheacceptsthenewposition.

BennyplanstoopenhisownofficeinCanada.Hewenttheirlastweek.

2）Pronounconcordwithcommongendernounasantecedent

Commongender

suchas:

baby,child,custom,doctor,engineer,infant,lawyer,parent,patient,person,scholar,secretary,scientist,speaker,student,teacher,etc.

theyareduelinnature

theycaneithermaleorfemale

●Usedinthesingularforgenericreference,generallyreferredtohe

●Ifwedon’twanttodoso,wecanusepluralformstoavoidusingit.

Eg:

Aninstructorshouldofferhisstudentschallengingprojects.

Instructorsshouldoffertheirstudentschallengingprojects.

●Informalwritingasinlegaldocuments,wecanuse“heorshe”,“hisorher”,torefertoacommongendernoun.

Eg:

aninstructorshouldofferhisorherstudentschallengingprojects.

●Somecommongendernounssuchasbaby,infant…maybereferredtoeitherbyapersonalorbyanonpersonalpronoun.

Eg:

there’sababyinthepram.Why,it’scrying.

Babyiscryinginthepram.Shemustbehungry.

3）Pronounconcordwithneutralgendernounasantecedent

Eg:

Haveyoureceivedmyletter.Itwaspostedamonthago.

Thismachineworksbyitself.

●Justasababymaybedesignatedit,soamemberofanonhumanspeciesmaybedesignatedheorshe.

Eg:

Thesailorssawashipinthedistance,shewassailingtowardtherockyisland.

Thecarneedssomepetrol.Let’sfillhimupatthenextgarage.

●Whentheantecedentisananimalnoun,itisgenerallyreferredtoasitinnonexpertcontexts.

●Whentheanimalisspokenofwithemotionorispersonified,itmaybereferredtoasheorshe.

Eg:

lookatthatblackbird.Italwayscomestomywindow.

Thecatleapedontoybedandcoiledherselfthere.

●Namesofcountriesmaybetreatedeitherasfeminineorneutral.

Eg:

ChinaisinEastAsia.Itisoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld.

Inthelastdecadeofthe20thcentury,chinabegantoassumeherroleasaworldpower.

3．Indefinitepronounconcordinnumberandperson

4．Pronoun“we，you，they”makethegeneralreference。

5．pronounconcordinperson

Personisagrammaticalcategory.Itisagrammaticalformthatshowthereferentialmeaningofpronouns.

1）pronounconcordinpersononsententiallevel.

Eg:

JaneandImaymovetoOklahoma.Wehearthattheweatherthereishealthful.

YouandLucycangotherebycar.Youdon’thavetowalkalongwithus.

2）Pronounconcordinpersonontextuallevelwriting.

Inatext,pronounsshouldbeconsistentinpersonfrombeginningtoend.Thisisamatterofspeakingorwritingfromwhatpointofview,fromthespeaker’sorwriter’spointofvieworfromthatofathirdparty.Aconsistentpointofviewisaguaranteeofclarity.

Step4:

FinishofftheexerciseonP127andP132.（20minutes）

1）Exercises8A

Selectanappropriateitemfromthetwogiveninbrackets,notinginsomecasesbothmaybeacceptable.

2）Exercises8B

2stperiod

Step1:

Introductionofpronouncase,possessivepronoun,reflectpronoun,thegenericuseofpersonalpronouns

1.Thechoiceofpronouncaseform（15minutes）

Personalpronoun:

subjectivecase

Objectivecase

GenitivecasepossessivepronounNominalGenitivePronoun

Determinativegenitivepronoun

Nominalgenitivepronoun:

mine,yours,his,yours

Determinativegenitivepronoun:

my,your,his,your

1）choicebetweensubjectiveandobjectivecase

a.ininformalstyle,whenapersonalpronounfunctionsasthesubjectofaminorsentencethatstandswithoutapredicateorwithonlyanonfiniteverbasthepredicator,thepronounusuallyoccursintheobjectiveratherthansubjectivecase.

Eg:

AnyoneknowsTom’saddress?

---Me.

b.incomparativeclauses,thechoicebetweensubjectiveandobjectivecasefollowstheGeneralrule.Butininformalstyle,apersonalpronounmayappearintheobjectivecaseevenifactingasthesubjectofacomparativeclause,especiallywhenthepronounisfollowedbysuchitemsasall/bothasappositive.

Eg:

heisn’tassmartashewas.

Itrustyouasmuchasher

Youaremuchclevererthanher

c.inanSVCconstructionwherethesubjectcomplementisapersonalpronoun,theobjectivecasesounds