数学名词中英文对照表.docx

数学名词中英文对照表.docx

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数学名词中英文对照表

Aabbreviation简写符号;简写absoluteerror绝对误差absolutevalue绝对值accuracy准确度acuteangle  锐角acute—angledtriangle锐角三角形add加addition加法additionformula加法公式additionlaw加法定律additionlaw（ofprobability）（概率）加法定律additiveproperty可加性adjacentangle邻角adjacentside邻边algebra代数algebraic代数的algebraicequation代数方程algebraicexpression代数式algebraicfraction代数分式;代数分数式algebraicinequality代数不等式algebraicoperation代数运算alternateangle（交）错角alternatesegment交错弓形altitude高；高度；顶垂线;高线ambiguouscase两义情况；二义情况amount本利和；总数analysis分析；解析analyticgeometry解析几何angle  角angleatthecentre圆心角angleatthecircumference圆周角anglebetweenalineandaplane直与平面的交角anglebetweentwoplanes两平面的交角anglebisection角平分anglebisector角平分线;分角线angleinthealternatesegment交错弓形的圆周角angleinthesamesegment同弓形内的圆周角angleofdepression俯角angleofelevation仰角angleofgreatestslope最大斜率的角angleofinclination倾斜角angleofintersection相交角；交角angleofrotation旋转角angleofthesector扇形角anglesumofatriangle三角形内角和anglesatapoint同顶角annum（X%perannum）年（年利率X%）anti-clockwisedirection逆时针方向；返时针方向anti-logarithm逆对数；反对数anti-symmetric反对称apex顶点approach接近；趋近approximatevalue近似值approximation近似;略计；逼近Arabicsystem阿刺伯数字系统arbitrary任意arbitraryconstant任意常数arc弧arclength弧长arc—cosinefunction反余弦函数arc—sinfunction反正弦函数arc-tangentfunction反正切函数area面积arithmetic算术arithmeticmean算术平均;等差中顶;算术中顶arithmeticprogression算术级数；等差级数arithmeticsequence等差序列arithmeticseries等差级数arm边arrow前号ascendingorder递升序ascendingpowersofXX的升幂associativelaw结合律assumedmean假定平均数assumption假定；假设average平均；平均数;平均值averagespeed平均速率axiom公理axis轴axisofparabola拋物线的轴axisofsymmetry对称轴Bbacksubstitution回代barchart棒形图;条线图;条形图；线条图base

（1）底；

（2）基；基数baseangle底角basearea底面baseline底线basenumber底数；基数baseoflogarithm对数的底bearing方位（角）；角方向（角）bell—shapedcurve钟形图bias偏差;偏倚

billion十亿binarynumber二进数binaryoperation二元运算binaryscale二进法binarysystem二进制binomial二项式binomialexpression二项式bisect  平分；等分bisectionmethod分半法；分半方法bisector等分线;平分线boundarycondition边界条件boundaryline界（线）；边界bounded有界的boundedabove有上界的；上有界的boundedbelow有下界的；下有界的boundedfunction有界函数brace大括号bracket括号breadth阔度brokenlinegraph折线图  

Ccalculation计算calculator计算器;计算器cancel消法；相消canellationlaw消去律capacity容量Cartesiancoordinates笛卡儿坐标Cartesianplane笛卡儿平面category类型；范畴centralline中线centraltendency集中趋centre中心;心centreofacircle圆心centroid  形心;距心certainevent必然事件chance机会changeofbase基的变换changeofsubject主项变换changeofvariable换元;变量的换chart图；图表checking验算chord弦chordofcontact切点弦circle圆circular圆形；圆的circularfunction圆函数；三角函数circularmeasure弧度法circumcentre外心；外接圆心circumcircle外接圆circumference圆周circumradius外接圆半径circumscribedcircle外接圆class区；组;类classboundary组界classinterval组区间；组距classlimit组限；区限classmark组中点；区中点classification分类clnometer测斜仪clockwisedirction顺时针方向closedconvexregion闭凸区域closedinterval闭区间coefficient系数coincide迭合；重合collectionofterms并项collinear共线collinearplanes共线面column

（1）列；纵行;

（2）柱combination组合commonchord公弦commondenominator同分母；公分母commondifference公差commondivisor公约数；公约commonfactor公因子；公因子commonlogarithm常用对数commonmultiple公位数；公倍commonratio公比commontangetn公切commutativelaw交换律comparable可比较的compass罗盘compassbearing罗盘方位角compasses圆规compassesconstruction圆规作图complement余；补余complementaryangle余角complementaryevent互补事件complementaryprobability互补概率completingthesquare配方complexnumber复数complexroot复数根compositenumber复合数；合成数compoundbarchart综合棒形图compounddiscount复折扣compoundinterest复利；复利息computation计算computer计算机;电子计算器concave凹concavedownward凹向下的

D　data数据decagon十边形decay衰变decayfactor衰变因子decimal小数decimalplace小数位decimalpoint小数点decimalsystem  十进制decrease递减decreasingfunction递减函数；下降函数decreasingsequence递减序列；下降序列decreasingseries递减级数;下降级数decrement减量deduce演绎deduction推论deductivereasoning演绎推理definite确定的;定的distance距离distanceformula距离公式distinctroots相异根distincrsolution相异解distribution公布distrivutivelaw分配律divide除dividend

（1）被除数；

（2）股息divisible可整除division除法divisionalgorithm除法算式divisor除数;除式；因子divisorofzero零因子dodecagon十二边形dot点doubleroot二重根dueeast/south/west/north向东/南/西/北definiton定义degree

（1）度；

（2）次degreeofapolynomial多项式的次数degreeofaccuracy准确度degreeofprecision精确度delete删除；删去denarynumber十进数denaryscale十进法denarysystem十进制denominator分母dependence

（1）相关；

（2）应变dependentevent（s）相关事件；相依事件；从属事件dependentvariable应变量；应变数depreciation折旧descendingorder递降序descendingpowersofXX的降序detachedcoefficients分离系数（法）deviation偏差；变差deviationfromthemean离均差diagonal  对角diagram图；图表diameter直径difference差digit数字dimension量；量网；维（数）directproportion正比例directtax，directtaxation直接税directvariation正变（分）directedangle有向角directednumber有向数direction方向；方位discontinuous间断（的）；非连续（的）;不连续（的）discount折扣discountpercent折扣百分率discrete分立；离散discretedata离散数据；间断数据discriminant判别式dispersion离差displacement位移disprove反证E　edge棱;边elimination消法eliminationmethod消去法；消元法elongation伸张；展empiricaldata  实验数据empiricalformula实验公式empiricalprobability实验概率；经验概率enclosure界限endpoint端点entiresurd整方根equal相等equalratiostheorem等比定理equalroots等根equality等（式）equalitysign等号equation方程equationinoneunknown一元方程equationintwounknowns　（variables）二元方程equationofastraightline直线方程equationoflocus轨迹方程equiangular等角（的）extremevalue极值equidistant等距（的）equilaeral等边（的）equilateralpolygon等边多边形equilateraltriangle等边三角形equivalent等价（的）error误差escribedcircle旁切圆estimate估计；估计量Euler'sformula尤拉公式；欧拉公式evaluate计值evenfunction偶函数evennumber偶数evenlydistributed均匀分布的event事件exact真确exactsolution准确解;精确解；真确解exactvalue法确解；精确解；真确解example例excentre外心exception例外excess起exclusive不包含exclusiveevents互斥事件exercise练习expand展开expandform展开式expansion展式expectation期望expectationvalue，expectedvalue期望值；预期值experiment实验；试验experimental试验的experimentalprobability实验概率exponent指数express…intermsof….。

以………表达expression式;数式extension外延;延长；扩张；扩充exteriorangle外角externalanglebisector外分角externalpointofdivision外分点extremepoint极值点

F　face面factor因子；因式;商factormethod因式分解法factortheorem因子定理；因式定理factorial阶乘factorization因子分解;因式分解factorizationofpolynomial多项式因式分解FALSE假（的）feasiblesolution可行解；容许解Fermat’slasttheorem费尔马最后定理Fibonaccinumber斐波那契数;黄金分割数Fibonaccisequence斐波那契序列fictitiousmean假定平均数figure

（1）图（形）;

（2）数字finite有限finitepopulation有限总体finitesequence有限序列finiteseries有限级数firstquartile第一四分位数firstterm首项fixeddeposit定期存款fixedpoint定点flowchart流程图footofperpendicular垂足forallX对所有Xforeach/everyX对每一Xform形式；型formalproof形式化的证明format格式；规格formula（formulae）公式fourrules四则four—figuretable四位数表fourthroot四次方根fraction分数；分式fractioninlowestterm最简分数fractionalequation分式方程fractionalindex分数指数fractionalinequality  分式不等式freefall自由下坠frequency频数；频率frequencydistribution频数分布；频率分布frequencydistributiontable频数分布表frequencypolygon频数多边形；频率多边形frustum平截头体function函数functionoffunction复合函数;迭函数functionalnotation函数记号Ggain增益；赚;盈利gainpercent赚率；增益率；盈利百分率game  

（1）对策；

（2）博奕generalform一般式;通式generalsolution通解;一般解generalterm通项geoborad几何板geometricmean几何平均数；等比中项geometricprogression几何级数；等比级数geometricsequence等比序列geometricseries等比级数geometry几何；几何学given给定；已知goldensection黄金分割grade等级gradient

（1）斜率；倾斜率；

（2）梯度grandtotal总计graph图像；图形；图表graphpaper图表纸graphicalmethod图解法graphicalrepresentation图示；以图样表达graphicalsolution图解greatestterm最大项greatestvalue最大值gridlines网网格线group  组；groupeddata分组数据；分类数据groupingterms并项；集项growth增长growthfactor增长因子Hhalfclosedinterval半闭区间halfopeninterval半开区间head正面（钱币）height高（度）hemisphere半球体；半球heptagon七边形Heron’sformula希罗公式hexagon六边形higherorderderivative高阶导数highestcommonfactor（H.C.F）最大公因子;最高公因式;最高公因子Hindu—Arabicnumeral阿刺伯数字histogram组织图；直方图；矩形图horizontal  水平的;水平horizontalline横线；水平线hyperbola双曲线hypotenuse斜边Iidentical全等；恒等identity等（式）identityrelation恒等关系式ifandonlyif/iff当且仅当;若且仅若if….,then若….则；如果….。

则illustration例证；说明image像点；像imaginarycircle虚圆imaginarynumber虚数imaginaryroot虚根implication蕴涵式；蕴含式imply蕴涵；蕴含impossibleevent不可能事件improperfraction假分数inclination倾角;斜角inclinedplane斜面includedangle夹角includedside夹边inclusive包含的；可兼的inconsistent不相的（的）；不一致（的）increase递增；增加increasingfunction递增函数interioranglesonthesamesideofthetransversal同旁内角interioroppositeangle内对角internalbisector内分角internaldivision内分割internalpointofdivision内分点inter-quartilerange四分位数间距intersect相交intersection

（1）交集;

（2）相交;（3）交点interval区间intuition直观invariance不变性invariant

（1）不变的;

（2）不变量；不变式inverse反的；逆的inversecircularfunction反三角函数inversecosinefunction反余弦函数inversefunction反函数；逆函数inverseproblem逆算问题inverseproportion反比例；逆比例inversesinefunction反正弦函数inversetangentfunction反正切函数inversevariation反变（分）；逆变（分）irrationalequation无理方程irrationalnumber无理数irreducibility不可约性irregular 不规则isoscelestriangle等腰三角形increasingsequence递增序列increasingseries递增级数increment增量independence独立；自变independentevent独立事件independentvariable自变量；独立变量indeterminate

（1）不定的；

（2）不定元;未定元indeterminatecoefficient不定系数；未定系数indeterminateform待定型；不定型index，indices指数；指indexnotation指数记数法inequality不等式；不等inequalitysign不等号infinite无限；无穷infinitepopulation无限总体infinitesequence无限序列；无穷序列infiniteseries无限级数；无穷级数infinitelymany无穷多infinitesimal无限小；无穷小infinity无限（大）；无穷（大）initialpoint始点；起点initialside始边initialvalue初值;始值input输入inputbox输入inscribedcircle内切圆insertion插入insertionofbrackets加括号instantaneous瞬时的integer整数integralindex整数指数integralsolution整数解integralvalue整数值intercept截距；截段interceptform截距式intercepttheorem截线定理interchange互换interest利息interestrate利率interesttax利息税interiorangle内角J　jointvariation联变（分）；连变（分）Kknown己知L　L.H.S。

末项law律；定律lawofindices指数律;指数定律lawoftrichotomy三分律leadingcoefficient首项系数leastcommonmultiple，lowestcommonmultiple（L.C。

M）最小公倍数；最低公倍式leastvalue最小值lemma引理length长（度）letter文字;字母likesurd同类根式liketerms同类项limit极限line线；行line