英语组高考复习定语从句专题.docx

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英语组高考复习定语从句专题

倒装测试卷

总分50分时间30分钟姓名:

一、单选(2*10))

1.WereItodoit,I______itsomeotherway.

AwilldoBwoulddoCwouldhavedoneDweretodo

2.I______himtheanswer______possible,butIwassobusythen.

Acouldtell,ifithadbeenBmusthavetold,wereit

Cshouldhavetold;haditbeenDshouldhavetold,shoulditbe

3.Youdidn’ttakehisadvice,_____hisadvice,you______suchamistake.

AHadyoutaken,wouldn’thavemadeBIfyouhadtaken,wouldmake

Cwereyoutotake,shouldn’thavemadeDHaveyoutaken,won’thavemade

4.Notuntilheleftthehome______toknowhowimportantthefamilywasforhim.

AdidhebeginBhadhebegunChebeganDhehadbegun

5.Welaughatjokes,butseldom______abouthowtheywork.

AwethinkBthinkweCwedothinkDdowethink

6.–Iseveryonehere?

-Notyet…look,there_______therestofourguests.

AcomeBcomesCiscomingDarecoming

7.AtthemeetingplaceoftheYangtzeRiverandtheJialingRiver______,oneofthetenlargestcitiestinChina.

AliesChongqingBChongqingliesCdoeslieChongqingDdoesChongqinglie

8.Little______aboutherownsafety,thoughshewasingreatdangerherself.

AdidRosecareBRosedidcareCRosedoescareDdoesRosecare

9.Sosudden_______thattheenemyhadnotimetoescape.

AdidtheattackBtheattackdidCwastheattackDtheattackwas

10.Billwasn’thappyabotthedelayofthereportbyJasonand________.

AIwasneitherBneitherwasICIwasneitherDeitherwasI

二、完成句子(2*15)

1.Notuntilpeopleknowmoreaboutthesituation________(他们才会加入)protectingtheenvironment.(join)

2.Hardly_________(我一到达山顶)whenitbegantorain.

3.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver_________(村民才意识到)howseriousthepollutionwas.(realize)

4.Ididn’tknowaboutthat,_________(我也不想知道).(nor)

5.So________(她的生意很成功)thatMaricwasabletosetupmorebrancheselsewhere.(successful)

6.Nosooner_______(我们坐下)thanwefounditwastimetogo.(sit)

7.Bynomeans________(她会同意)movetoanewplacefarawayfromtheworkplace.

8_________(只有那时他才意识到)thathehadmadeaseriousmistake.(only)

9.Onlyinthisway________(我们才能保持。

的均衡增长)oftheeconomy.(balance)

10.Atnocircumstance________(中国允许)Taiwantobreakawayfromthemainland.(follow)

11.Inthedarkforests________________(有许多湖泊),somelargeenoughtoholdseveralEnglishtowns.(lie)

12.Atnotime__________(允许抽烟)inthemeetingroom.(allow)

13.Fromthedistance__________(来了一个士兵)whowasridingahorse.(come)

14.Notonly_________(这项发明被重视)buttheinvertorwasalsospokenhighlyofattheconference.(attach)

15._________(尽管她很虚弱),shemanagedtofinishherwo

2013届英语高考复习语法讲义----定语从句专题

.教学重点与教学策略

鉴于定语从句在高考当中的重要性和学生中存在的问题,本专题的教学重点内容应该包括以下几个方面:

1.区分关系代词和关系副词。

2.“介词+关系词”引导定语从句

3.whose的用法

4.关系代词that和which的比较

5.关系代词as的用法

6.关系副词where的用法

7.区分定语从句和其他句式

8.特殊先行词way和time后的关系词

教学基本策略:

以定语从句的基本概念为导入,重点是分考点讲解的基础上给学生练习,同时注重学生自己的总结和理解。

.专题教学主要内容

I.定语从句的基本结构:

名词(先行词)+关系词+句子

(定语从句)

关系词通常有下列三个作用:

引导定语从句;2.代替先行词;3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。

指人:

who,whom,that

关系代词(主语,宾语,表语,定语)指物:

which,that

关系词某人的/某物的:

whose

人或物:

as

关系副词(状语):

when,where,why,that

找出下列从句中的先行词以及它们在从句中做的成分。

1.Theboywhoisstandingthereismycousin.

2.Theboy(whom)youmetyesterdayisTom.

3.Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.

4.Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.

5.GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina,asisknowntoall.

6.MountWuyiissuchanattractiveplaceofinterestaseveryonelikestovisit.

7.Manypeopleworryabouttheyear2012,whentheythinktheearthwillbedestroyed.

8.Ipreferaclasswherestudentsworkasateam.

9.Isthisthereasonwhyherefusedouroffer?

10.Hehastwostrategies,neitherofwhichseemstoworkverywell.

II.定语从句常见考点整理

考点一:

关系代词和关系副词的区分

解题策略:

1)看懂句意,分析句子结构,确定定语从句部分和先行词部分(看先行词是人还是物,这样可排除错误选项);

2)确定从句时限制性还是非限制性定语从句(that不能引导非限制性定语从句,其他关系词都可以);

3)分析从句并根据从句句义确定从句中所缺的成分,选出适合的关系代词补全从句;

4)还原从句,把先行词放入定语从句中,确定从句结构及意义完整。

例:

Accordingtotheresearch,shoppers,________purchasedsomuchclothing,metthemostproblems.

A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whose

解析:

先行词是shoppers,与从句的关系是shopperspurchasedsomuchclothing,在从句中作主语,答案为C。

Whateverisleftovermaybeputintotherefrigerator,____itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks.

A.whenB.whichC.whereD.while

解析:

定语从句itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks和先行词therefrigerator之间的关系应该是itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeksintherefrigerator。

答案为C。

考点二:

1.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。

介词后面的关系代词只能用which(指代物)或whom(指代人)。

⑴如何确定“介词+关系代词”结构中的介词

方法一:

根据定语从句中谓语动词的需要来确定介词。

ThisisthedictionaryonwhichIspent50yuan.(spend…on)

ThisisthedictionaryforwhichIpaid50yuan.(payfor)

方法二:

根据定语从句所修饰的先行词的需要来确定介词。

IrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedtheLeague.(ontheday)

IremembertheyearsinwhichIstayedinthemountainvillage.(intheyears)

方法三:

根据定语从句句意的需要来确定介词。

Thegaswithoutwhichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.

Thegasinwhichfirecanburnmuchbetteriscalledoxygen.

(4)“介词+关系代词”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代词或者数词,有时数词或代词也可以放在“介词+关系代词”之后。

Helovedhisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.

=Helovedhisparentsdeeply,ofwhombothareverykindtohim.

(5)介词+which/whom+todo结构

Idon'thaveenoughmoneywithwhichtobuysuchanexpensivedress.

=Idon'thaveenoughmoneywithwhichIcanbuysuchanexpensivedress.

(6)在非限制性定语从句中,which可作定语,指先行词(短语或句子)所表示的信息,形成“介词+which+名词”结构,相当于andin/at/duringthis/that+名词。

Hewasveryill,inwhichcase(=andinthiscase)wesenthimtohospitalfirst.

Shelosthertemper,atwhichpoint(=andatthispoint)Idecidedtogobackhome.

Mikewasastudentattheuniversityfrom1998to2004,duringwhichtime(=andduringthattime)hestudiedveryhardandwasmadechairmanoftheStudents'Union.

考点三:

whose的用法

1.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作定语

AncientRomeisacountrywhosecultureinfluencedthewesternworldforcenturies.

Hehasafriend,whosefatherisadoctor.

2.whose和ofwhich/ofwhom相等吗?

Theclassroomwhosedoor(thedoorofwhich)isbrokenwillsoonberepaired.

注意:

定语从句的主语是以下词语用ofwhich/whom:

Some,many,few,little,much,most/all,both,neither,each,none/数量的词语

Herearemanybooks,twoofwhich/ofwhichtwoheborrowed.

Iboughthimtwopiecesofclothing,neitherofwhich/ofwhichneitherhelikes

考点四:

关系代词which和that的区别:

1.注意在下面几种情况下必须用that而不用which引导定语从句:

①先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等。

Allthatwehavetodoistopractiseeveryday.

②先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。

ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.ThisisthebestfilmI’veeverseen.

③先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰。

Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.

④先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时

Heistheonlypersonthat/(who)Iwanttotalkto.

⑤先行词既有人又有物时

Theytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyremembered.

⑥当句中已有which或who时,为避免重复

Whichisthebikethatyoulost?

WhoisthemanthatistalkingtoJohn?

⑦当先行词在主句中作表语,而关系代词在从句中也作表语时

Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.

⑧如有两个定语从句,其中一个关系词已用,则另一个用that.

Edisonbuiltupafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.

⑨主句是therebe句型,修饰主语的定语从句用that

Thereisaseatinthecornerthatisstillavailable.

2.只能用which的情况:

1非限制性定语从句

TherearemanyfactoriesinYaohaiDistrict,whichproducealotofpollution.

2介词+which

ThisisthehouseinwhichShakespeareoncelived.

3先行词本身就是that时

What’sthatwhichflashedintheskyjustnow?

4指代句子内容时

Hebrokemycup,whichmademeangry.

(注意:

以上比较是在which和that之间的选择,不要误以为所有的关系词中非限制性定语从句只能用which。

考点五:

关系代词who和that的比较

都可以指代人,但是以下情况只能用who:

1先行词是指人的不定代词,如:

one,ones,anyone,noone,those,allnobody,anybodynone等时.

Peoplealllikethosewhohavegoodmanners.

2在therebe句型中

Therearesomepeoplewhowanttohaveholidaysabroad.

考点六:

as引导的定语从句:

①such……as;so……as;thesame……as

Ilikethesamebookasyoudo.(as作宾语)

Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid.(as作状语)

Iwanttohavesuchadictionaryashehas.(as作宾语);

②as引导非限定性定语从句。

as在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语,这个定语从句说明整个句子,可以放在主句之前。

例如:

Asweallknow,hestudiesveryhard.(as代表整个句子,作宾语)

Asisknowntoall,heisthebeststudentinourclass.(as代表整个句子,作主语)

常用的类似插入语的句式有asissaidabove,asisalreadymentionedabove,asisknowntoall,asisexpected,asitoftenhappens,asitis,asisoftenthecase,asisreportedinthenewspaper等。

5关系代词which和as在定语从句中的区别是:

(1)as有“正如;就像”之意,而which没有;

(2)as引导的非限制性定语从句可置于句首句中或句末,而which只能置于句末;

(3)如果非限制性定语从句是否定句时,只能用which引导。

例如:

Hecamehereverylate,whichwasunexpected(notexpected).

考点七:

与强调句型及其他句型的混合

1).The old building, behind _______ was a famous church, was _______ we used to work.

A. that, the place         B. it, the placeC. which, where               D. what, where

2).Itistheplayground_____Ipickedupthiswallet.

A.whichB.thatC.fromthereD.where

3).Itisontheplayground_____Ipickedupthiswallet.

A.whichB.thatC.fromthereD.where

答案:

CDB

考点八:

对关系副词where的特殊考查

1.当先行词为situation,case,stage,point,process,condition,position等,且关系词在定语从句中作状语,也要用关系副词where。

1).Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.

2).I can think of many cases _______ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.

A. why                      B. whichC. as                             D. where(D)

2.where在其他从句中的考查:

Thatiswhereyouaremistaken.

You’dbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.

注意:

这里的where不能换成inwhich。

1).Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity_____sightmattersmorethanhearing.

2).Icanthinkofmanycases_____youknownothingabout.

3).Putthebook______itwas.

4).Wewills

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