英语组高考复习定语从句专题.docx
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英语组高考复习定语从句专题
倒装测试卷
总分50分时间30分钟姓名:
一、单选(2*10))
1.WereItodoit,I______itsomeotherway.
AwilldoBwoulddoCwouldhavedoneDweretodo
2.I______himtheanswer______possible,butIwassobusythen.
Acouldtell,ifithadbeenBmusthavetold,wereit
Cshouldhavetold;haditbeenDshouldhavetold,shoulditbe
3.Youdidn’ttakehisadvice,_____hisadvice,you______suchamistake.
AHadyoutaken,wouldn’thavemadeBIfyouhadtaken,wouldmake
Cwereyoutotake,shouldn’thavemadeDHaveyoutaken,won’thavemade
4.Notuntilheleftthehome______toknowhowimportantthefamilywasforhim.
AdidhebeginBhadhebegunChebeganDhehadbegun
5.Welaughatjokes,butseldom______abouthowtheywork.
AwethinkBthinkweCwedothinkDdowethink
6.–Iseveryonehere?
-Notyet…look,there_______therestofourguests.
AcomeBcomesCiscomingDarecoming
7.AtthemeetingplaceoftheYangtzeRiverandtheJialingRiver______,oneofthetenlargestcitiestinChina.
AliesChongqingBChongqingliesCdoeslieChongqingDdoesChongqinglie
8.Little______aboutherownsafety,thoughshewasingreatdangerherself.
AdidRosecareBRosedidcareCRosedoescareDdoesRosecare
9.Sosudden_______thattheenemyhadnotimetoescape.
AdidtheattackBtheattackdidCwastheattackDtheattackwas
10.Billwasn’thappyabotthedelayofthereportbyJasonand________.
AIwasneitherBneitherwasICIwasneitherDeitherwasI
二、完成句子(2*15)
1.Notuntilpeopleknowmoreaboutthesituation________(他们才会加入)protectingtheenvironment.(join)
2.Hardly_________(我一到达山顶)whenitbegantorain.
3.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver_________(村民才意识到)howseriousthepollutionwas.(realize)
4.Ididn’tknowaboutthat,_________(我也不想知道).(nor)
5.So________(她的生意很成功)thatMaricwasabletosetupmorebrancheselsewhere.(successful)
6.Nosooner_______(我们坐下)thanwefounditwastimetogo.(sit)
7.Bynomeans________(她会同意)movetoanewplacefarawayfromtheworkplace.
8_________(只有那时他才意识到)thathehadmadeaseriousmistake.(only)
9.Onlyinthisway________(我们才能保持。
。
。
的均衡增长)oftheeconomy.(balance)
10.Atnocircumstance________(中国允许)Taiwantobreakawayfromthemainland.(follow)
11.Inthedarkforests________________(有许多湖泊),somelargeenoughtoholdseveralEnglishtowns.(lie)
12.Atnotime__________(允许抽烟)inthemeetingroom.(allow)
13.Fromthedistance__________(来了一个士兵)whowasridingahorse.(come)
14.Notonly_________(这项发明被重视)buttheinvertorwasalsospokenhighlyofattheconference.(attach)
15._________(尽管她很虚弱),shemanagedtofinishherwo
2013届英语高考复习语法讲义----定语从句专题
.教学重点与教学策略
鉴于定语从句在高考当中的重要性和学生中存在的问题,本专题的教学重点内容应该包括以下几个方面:
1.区分关系代词和关系副词。
2.“介词+关系词”引导定语从句
3.whose的用法
4.关系代词that和which的比较
5.关系代词as的用法
6.关系副词where的用法
7.区分定语从句和其他句式
8.特殊先行词way和time后的关系词
教学基本策略:
以定语从句的基本概念为导入,重点是分考点讲解的基础上给学生练习,同时注重学生自己的总结和理解。
.专题教学主要内容
I.定语从句的基本结构:
名词(先行词)+关系词+句子
(定语从句)
关系词通常有下列三个作用:
引导定语从句;2.代替先行词;3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。
指人:
who,whom,that
关系代词(主语,宾语,表语,定语)指物:
which,that
关系词某人的/某物的:
whose
人或物:
as
关系副词(状语):
when,where,why,that
找出下列从句中的先行词以及它们在从句中做的成分。
1.Theboywhoisstandingthereismycousin.
2.Theboy(whom)youmetyesterdayisTom.
3.Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.
4.Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.
5.GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina,asisknowntoall.
6.MountWuyiissuchanattractiveplaceofinterestaseveryonelikestovisit.
7.Manypeopleworryabouttheyear2012,whentheythinktheearthwillbedestroyed.
8.Ipreferaclasswherestudentsworkasateam.
9.Isthisthereasonwhyherefusedouroffer?
10.Hehastwostrategies,neitherofwhichseemstoworkverywell.
II.定语从句常见考点整理
考点一:
关系代词和关系副词的区分
解题策略:
1)看懂句意,分析句子结构,确定定语从句部分和先行词部分(看先行词是人还是物,这样可排除错误选项);
2)确定从句时限制性还是非限制性定语从句(that不能引导非限制性定语从句,其他关系词都可以);
3)分析从句并根据从句句义确定从句中所缺的成分,选出适合的关系代词补全从句;
4)还原从句,把先行词放入定语从句中,确定从句结构及意义完整。
例:
Accordingtotheresearch,shoppers,________purchasedsomuchclothing,metthemostproblems.
A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whose
解析:
先行词是shoppers,与从句的关系是shopperspurchasedsomuchclothing,在从句中作主语,答案为C。
Whateverisleftovermaybeputintotherefrigerator,____itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks.
A.whenB.whichC.whereD.while
解析:
定语从句itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks和先行词therefrigerator之间的关系应该是itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeksintherefrigerator。
答案为C。
考点二:
1.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。
介词后面的关系代词只能用which(指代物)或whom(指代人)。
⑴如何确定“介词+关系代词”结构中的介词
方法一:
根据定语从句中谓语动词的需要来确定介词。
ThisisthedictionaryonwhichIspent50yuan.(spend…on)
ThisisthedictionaryforwhichIpaid50yuan.(payfor)
方法二:
根据定语从句所修饰的先行词的需要来确定介词。
IrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedtheLeague.(ontheday)
IremembertheyearsinwhichIstayedinthemountainvillage.(intheyears)
方法三:
根据定语从句句意的需要来确定介词。
Thegaswithoutwhichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.
Thegasinwhichfirecanburnmuchbetteriscalledoxygen.
(4)“介词+关系代词”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代词或者数词,有时数词或代词也可以放在“介词+关系代词”之后。
Helovedhisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.
=Helovedhisparentsdeeply,ofwhombothareverykindtohim.
(5)介词+which/whom+todo结构
Idon'thaveenoughmoneywithwhichtobuysuchanexpensivedress.
=Idon'thaveenoughmoneywithwhichIcanbuysuchanexpensivedress.
(6)在非限制性定语从句中,which可作定语,指先行词(短语或句子)所表示的信息,形成“介词+which+名词”结构,相当于andin/at/duringthis/that+名词。
Hewasveryill,inwhichcase(=andinthiscase)wesenthimtohospitalfirst.
Shelosthertemper,atwhichpoint(=andatthispoint)Idecidedtogobackhome.
Mikewasastudentattheuniversityfrom1998to2004,duringwhichtime(=andduringthattime)hestudiedveryhardandwasmadechairmanoftheStudents'Union.
考点三:
whose的用法
1.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作定语
AncientRomeisacountrywhosecultureinfluencedthewesternworldforcenturies.
Hehasafriend,whosefatherisadoctor.
2.whose和ofwhich/ofwhom相等吗?
Theclassroomwhosedoor(thedoorofwhich)isbrokenwillsoonberepaired.
注意:
定语从句的主语是以下词语用ofwhich/whom:
Some,many,few,little,much,most/all,both,neither,each,none/数量的词语
Herearemanybooks,twoofwhich/ofwhichtwoheborrowed.
Iboughthimtwopiecesofclothing,neitherofwhich/ofwhichneitherhelikes
考点四:
关系代词which和that的区别:
1.注意在下面几种情况下必须用that而不用which引导定语从句:
①先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等。
Allthatwehavetodoistopractiseeveryday.
②先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。
ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.ThisisthebestfilmI’veeverseen.
③先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰。
Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.
④先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时
Heistheonlypersonthat/(who)Iwanttotalkto.
⑤先行词既有人又有物时
Theytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyremembered.
⑥当句中已有which或who时,为避免重复
Whichisthebikethatyoulost?
WhoisthemanthatistalkingtoJohn?
⑦当先行词在主句中作表语,而关系代词在从句中也作表语时
Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.
⑧如有两个定语从句,其中一个关系词已用,则另一个用that.
Edisonbuiltupafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.
⑨主句是therebe句型,修饰主语的定语从句用that
Thereisaseatinthecornerthatisstillavailable.
2.只能用which的情况:
1非限制性定语从句
TherearemanyfactoriesinYaohaiDistrict,whichproducealotofpollution.
2介词+which
ThisisthehouseinwhichShakespeareoncelived.
3先行词本身就是that时
What’sthatwhichflashedintheskyjustnow?
4指代句子内容时
Hebrokemycup,whichmademeangry.
(注意:
以上比较是在which和that之间的选择,不要误以为所有的关系词中非限制性定语从句只能用which。
)
考点五:
关系代词who和that的比较
都可以指代人,但是以下情况只能用who:
1先行词是指人的不定代词,如:
one,ones,anyone,noone,those,allnobody,anybodynone等时.
Peoplealllikethosewhohavegoodmanners.
2在therebe句型中
Therearesomepeoplewhowanttohaveholidaysabroad.
考点六:
as引导的定语从句:
①such……as;so……as;thesame……as
Ilikethesamebookasyoudo.(as作宾语)
Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid.(as作状语)
Iwanttohavesuchadictionaryashehas.(as作宾语);
②as引导非限定性定语从句。
as在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语,这个定语从句说明整个句子,可以放在主句之前。
例如:
Asweallknow,hestudiesveryhard.(as代表整个句子,作宾语)
Asisknowntoall,heisthebeststudentinourclass.(as代表整个句子,作主语)
常用的类似插入语的句式有asissaidabove,asisalreadymentionedabove,asisknowntoall,asisexpected,asitoftenhappens,asitis,asisoftenthecase,asisreportedinthenewspaper等。
5关系代词which和as在定语从句中的区别是:
(1)as有“正如;就像”之意,而which没有;
(2)as引导的非限制性定语从句可置于句首句中或句末,而which只能置于句末;
(3)如果非限制性定语从句是否定句时,只能用which引导。
例如:
Hecamehereverylate,whichwasunexpected(notexpected).
考点七:
与强调句型及其他句型的混合
1).The old building, behind _______ was a famous church, was _______ we used to work.
A. that, the place B. it, the placeC. which, where D. what, where
2).Itistheplayground_____Ipickedupthiswallet.
A.whichB.thatC.fromthereD.where
3).Itisontheplayground_____Ipickedupthiswallet.
A.whichB.thatC.fromthereD.where
答案:
CDB
考点八:
对关系副词where的特殊考查
1.当先行词为situation,case,stage,point,process,condition,position等,且关系词在定语从句中作状语,也要用关系副词where。
1).Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.
2).I can think of many cases _______ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.
A. why B. whichC. as D. where(D)
2.where在其他从句中的考查:
Thatiswhereyouaremistaken.
You’dbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.
注意:
这里的where不能换成inwhich。
1).Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity_____sightmattersmorethanhearing.
2).Icanthinkofmanycases_____youknownothingabout.
3).Putthebook______itwas.
4).Wewills