英语翻译.docx

英语翻译.docx

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英语翻译

中国传统节日之中秋节英文介绍

Mid-AutumnFestival

 （Chinaculture.org）

TheMid-AutumnFestivalisoneofthemostimportantfestivitiesinChina.AccordingtoChineselunarcalendar,the15th 

dayofthe8thmonthistheexactmidstofautumn,soit'scalledtheMid-AutumnFestival.TheMid-AutumnFestivalisan 

eveningcelebrationwhenfamiliesgathertogethertolightlanterns,eatmooncakesandappreciatetheroundmoon.On 

thatnight,themoonappearstobeatitsroundestandbrightest.Thefullmoonisasymbolforfamilyreunion,whichiswhythatdayisalsoknownastheFestivalofReunion.

TheMid-AutumnFestivalcelebrationsdatebacktomorethan2,000yearsago.Infeudaltimes,Chineseemperorsprayed 

toHeavenforaprosperousyear.Theychosethemorningofthe15thdayofthesecondlunarmonthtoworshipthesun 

andthenightofthe15thdayoftheeighthlunarmonthtoholdaceremonyinpraiseofthemoon.Inthewesterndistrict 

ofBeijingistheYuetanPark,whichoriginallywastheTempleofMoon,andeveryyeartheemperorwouldgotheretoofferasacrificetothemoon.

ThisancientcustombecameprevalentintheTangDynasty（618-907）whenpeopleenjoyedandworshippedthefullmoon.IntheSouthernSongDynasty（1127-1279）,however,peoplesentroundmooncakestotheirrelativesasgiftsin 

expressionoftheirbestwishesoffamilyreunion.Whenitturneddark,theygazedupatthefullsilvermoonorwent 

sightseeingbylakes,tocelebratethefestival.

SincetheMing（1368-1644）andQingdynasties（1644-1911）,thecustomofMid-AutumnFestivalcelebrationhasbecome 

unprecedentedlypopular.Togetherwiththecelebrationappearedsomespecialcustomsindifferentpartsofthecountry, 

suchasburningincense,plantingMid-Autumntrees,lightinglanternsontowersandfiredragondances,etc.Wheneverthefestivalsetsin,peoplewouldlookupatthefullsilvermoon,drinkingwinetocelebratetheirhappylife,orthinkingoftheir 

relativesandfriendsfarfromhomeandextendingalloftheirbestwishestothem.

Inmid-autumn,farmershavejustfinishedgatheringtheircropsandbringinginfruitsfromtheorchards.Theyare 

overwhelmedwithjoywhentheyhaveabumperharvestandatthesametime,theyfeelquiterelaxedafterayearofhardwork.Sothe15thdayoftheeighthlunarmonth（theMid-AutumnFestival）hasgraduallyevolvedasawidelycelebrated 

festivalforordinarypeople.

Nightfalls.Thelandisbathedinsilvermoonlight.Familiessetuptablesintheircourtyardsorsittogetherontheirbalconies,chattingandsharingofferingstothemoon.Together,theyenjoytheenchantingspellofnight.Naturally,theyare 

remindedofbeautifullegendsaboutthemoon.

中国传统节日之重阳节英文介绍 2013.10.17

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DoubleNinthFestival

The9thdayofthe9thlunarmonthisthetraditionalChongYangFestival,orDoubleNinthFestival.Inanancientand 

mysteriousbook YiJing,or TheBookofChanges,"6"wasthoughttobeofyin character,meaningfeminineornegative,whilenumber"9"wasthoughttobeyang,meaningmasculineorpositive.Sothe"9"inbothmonthanddaycreateDoubleNinthFestival,orChongYangFestival.TheChineseancestorsconsidereditanauspiciousdayworthcelebration.That'swhyChinesepeoplebegantocelebratethisfestivalfromancienttimes.

ThecelebrationofChongYangFestivaliscolorfulandromantic,generallyspeaking,includingactivitiesofoutingandenjoying 

thescenes,climbingmountains,watchingchrysanthemum,wearingdogwood,eatingChongYangpastryanddrinking 

chrysanthemumwine,etc.

The9thdayofthe9thlunarmonthisthetraditionalChongYangFestival,becauseithasthesamepronunciationwiththeword"JiuJiu"（forever）andthenumber"nine"isthelargestnumberwhichcarriesthemeaningof"longlife".Moreover,autumnalsois 

goldenseasonforharvest,therefore,thisspecialfestivalhasmorethanonedeepmeaningandpeoplehaveaspecialaffection 

towardsitsinceancienttimes.TherearealotoffamousworksofTangpoemandSongpoemforcelebratingChongYang 

Festivalandintoningchrysanthemum.

Today,ChongYanghasbeengivennewmeanings.In1989,theChinesegovernmentdecidedtheDoubleNinthFestivalas 

Senior'sDay,combiningthetraditionandthemodern,whichmadeitbecomethefestivalofhonoring,lovingandhelpingthe 

seniors.Sincethen,allgovernmentunits,organizationsandstreetscommunitieswouldorganizeanautumntripeachyearfor 

thosewhohaveretiredfromtheirposts.Atthewatersideoronthemountains,theseniorswouldfindthemselvesmergedinto 

nature.Youngergenerationswouldalsobringtheelderlytosuburbanareasorprepareanicemealforthemonthisday.

积累背景知识，备战四六级翻译3（中国传统节日之端午节）

DragonBoatFestival

DragonBoatFestival,alsoknownasDuanwuFestivalandtheDoubleFifth,isatraditionalandstatutoryholidayinChinaandhaslongbeen 

celebratedinSingaporeandMalaysia. ThefestivalisremembranceofQuYuan,anancientChinesescholar-statesman,whodrownedin277B.C.whiledenouncingwidespreadgovernmentcorruption;itwasalsoameansofremindingthepublicabouttheimportanceofhealthcare.In2006, 

thetradtionalfestivalwaslistedasoneofChina'snational intangibleculturalheritages.In2008,itwasrecognisedasapublicholidayinChinese 

mainland.

Thefestivaloccursonthe5thdayofthe5thmonthofthelunarcalendar.ThisisthesourceofthealternativenameofDoubleFifth.The 

datevariesfromyeartoyearontheGregoriancalendar.In2012itfellonJune23,andin2013onJune12.Thefocusofthecelebrationsincludeseating zongzi （dumplingsmadeofglutinousriceflour）, drinkingrealgarwine andracing dragonboats.

积累背景知识，备战四六级翻译4（中国传统文化之中药）

WhatisTCM?

TheoriginsoftraditionalChinesemedicinecanbetracedtoShenNongShi,amythologicalfigurefromabout5,000yearsago,whosampledhundredsofherbsforuseasmedicines.TheformalhistoryofTCMstartsabout2,500yearsagowiththeYellowEmperor'sInnerClassic,thefirstwrittenaccountofitspractice.

TCMviewsapatient'sconditionasareflectionoftheinteractionoffiveelementsofnature:

wood,fire,earth,metaland 

water.Thegoalistotreateachpatientholistically,withprescriptionstailoredtotheindividualpatient'scondition.

ChineseconsumersgenerallyperceiveTCMasmoreeffectivefordiseaseandchronicillnessprevention,andtheyview 

Westernmedicineasbeingmoreeffectiveforacuteandseriousillnesses.

AnothermajordifferencebetweenTCMandWesternmedicineisthat,untilrecently,TCMhasreliedonpatientexperience,notclinicaltrials,forproofofeffectiveness.

TCMcombinesrawmaterials,principallyherbs,totreatdisease.Historically,theformulationincorporatedasmanyas 

10,000ingredients,90percentextractedfromherbsand10percentfromanimalbyproductsandminerals.

Today,practitionersofTCMregularlyusearound300ingredientsintheirwidelyavailableformulations.Anygiven 

formulationrequiresfourtoeightingredientsonaverage.

Theprincipleusedforcombiningingredientshasitsoriginsintheframeworkofimperialministerial-assistant-servant,whichwasdocumented5,000yearsagointheShenNongHerbalEncyclopedia.

Theframeworkcallsforanimperialherb,thechiefherbormainingredientofaformula;theministerialherb,ancillarytotheimperialherb,whichaugmentsandpromotestheactionofthemainingredient;theassistantherb,whichreducesside 

effectsoftheimperialherb;andtheservantherb,whichharmonizesorcoordinatestheactionsoftheotherherbs.

Althoughonly10percentofChina's2millionphysiciansaretrainedexclusivelyinTCM,mostmedicalschoolstudentsreceivesometraininginthediscipline.TheycanprescribeTCMmedicinesthathaveearnedStateFoodandDrugAdministration 

approval.

积累背景知识，备战四六级翻译4（中国传统文化之中药）

WhatisTCM?

TheoriginsoftraditionalChinesemedicinecanbetracedtoShenNongShi,amythologicalfigurefromabout5,000yearsago,whosampledhundredsofherbsforuseasmedicines.TheformalhistoryofTCMstartsabout2,500yearsagowiththeYellowEmperor'sInnerClassic,thefirstwrittenaccountofitspractice.

TCMviewsapatient'sconditionasareflectionoftheinteractionoffiveelementsofnature:

wood,fire,earth,metaland 

water.Thegoalistotreateachpatientholistically,withprescriptionstailoredtotheindividualpatient'scondition.

ChineseconsumersgenerallyperceiveTCMasmoreeffectivefordiseaseandchronicillnessprevention,andtheyview 

Westernmedicineasbeingmoreeffectiveforacuteandseriousillnesses.

AnothermajordifferencebetweenTCMandWesternmedicineisthat,untilrecently,TCMhasreliedonpatientexperience,notclinicaltrials,forproofofeffectiveness.

TCMcombinesrawmaterials,principallyherbs,totreatdisease.Historically,theformulationincorporatedasmanyas 

10,000ingredients,90percentextractedfromherbsand10percentfromanimalbyproductsandminerals.

Today,practitionersofTCMregularlyusearound300ingredientsintheirwidelyavailableformulations.Anygiven 

formulationrequiresfourtoeightingredientsonaverage.

Theprincipleusedforcombiningingredientshasitsoriginsintheframeworkofimperialministerial-assistant-servant,whichwasdocumented5,000yearsagointheShenNongHerbalEncyclopedia.

Theframeworkcallsforanimperialherb,thechiefherbormainingredientofaformula;theministerialherb,ancillarytotheimperialherb,whichaugmentsandpromotestheactionofthemainingredient;theassistantherb,whichreducesside 

effectsoftheimperialherb;andtheservantherb,whichharmonizesorcoordinates