美国文学提纲2.docx

美国文学提纲2.docx

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美国文学提纲2

I.MultipleChoice（20pointsinall,1foreach）

1）Checkthedictionary:

pompous,vernacular

2）AtthebeginningofFaulkner’sARoseForEmily,thereisadetaileddescriptionofEmily’soldhouse.ThepurposeofsuchdescriptionistoimplythatthepersonlivinginitC.

A.isawealthladyB.hasgoodtasteC.isaprisonerofthepastD.isaconservativearistocrat

3）Stylistically,HenryJames’sfictionischaracterizedbyD.

A.shortclearsentencesB.abundanceoflocalimagesC.ordinaryAmericanspeechD.highlyrefinedlanguage

1.TheconventionofthedesireforanescapefromsocietyandareturetonatureinAmericanLiteratureisparticularlyevidentinA

A.Cooper’sLeather-StockingTakes

B.Hawthorne’sTheScarletLetter

C.Whitman’sLeavesofGrass

D.Irving’sRipVanWinkle

2.In1873,RalphWaldoEmersonmadeaspeechentitledatHarvard,whichwashailedbyOliverWendellHomesas“ourIntellectualDedarationofI

A.NatureB.Self-RelianceC.DivinityScholarAddressD.TheAmericanScholar

3.What’stheanalogythatEmilyDickinsonusesinherpoemBecauseIcouldnotstopfordeath?

A

A.HorseandcarriageB.stageandperformanceC.CloudandShadeD.shipandharbor

4.MostofthewritersintheModernPeriodwereabletoprobeintotheinnerwouldofofhumanrealityonthebaseofD

A.CarlJung’s“collectiveunconscious”and“archetypalsymbol”

B.SigmoundFrend’s“interpretationofdreams”

C.WilliamJame’s“streamofconsciousness”

D.alloftheabove.

II.BlankFilling（10pointsinall,1foreach）

1）HenryJamesisconsideredthefounderofPsychologicalrealism.Hebelievedthatrealityliesintheimpressionsmadebylifeonthespectator.

2）MarkTwain’sfirstnovel,TheGildedAgewasanartisticfailure,butitgaveitsnametotheAmericaofthepostbellumperiodwhichitattemptstosatirize.

BlankFilling

BlankFilling

1.ThebestofpuritanpoetswasEdwardTaylor,whosecompleteeditionofpoemsappearedin1960,morethantwohundredyearsafterhisdeath.

8.EdwinArlingtonRobinsonproducedalargebodyofworksandwashonoredwiththePulitzerPrizein1522,1925and1928.

10.Fitzgerald’sfirstnovelThisSideofParadise,withitsportrayalofcasualdissipationsof“flamingyouth”,wasanimmediatecommercialsuccess.

3.In“SongofMyself”,Whitman’sownearlyexperiencemaywellbeidentifiedwiththechildrenofayounggrowingAmerican.

4.TherangeofDickinson’spoetrysuggestsnotherlimitedexperiencebutthepowerofhercreativityandimagination.

5.MarkTwain,breakingoutofthenarrowlimitsoflocalcolorfiction,describedthebreadthofAmericanexperienceasnoonehadeverdonebefore,orsince.

7.ManyofO.Henry’sstonestalkaboutthelifeofpoorpeopleinNewYork.

8.HenryJamesrealismischaracterizedbyhispsychologicalapproachtohissubjectmatter.

9.TheFinancier,TheTifanandTheStoicformDreiser’s“TrilogyofDesire”

12.Americanwritersoffirstpostwareraself——consciouslyacknowledgedthattheywerea“LostGeneration”devoidoffaithandalienatedfromacivilization.

13.Atonetime,Sandburg’sreputationmainlyrestedonamulti——volumebiographyofAbrahamLincolnincluding“ThePrairieYears”and“TheWarYears”

14.ForpublicationofhiscollectedPoems,WallaceStevensreceivedtheNationalBookAwardandPulitzerPrize.

15.In1954,HemingwaywasawardedaNobelPrizeforhis“masteryoftheartofmodernnarration”.

16.In1935,SteinbeckpublishedTortillaFlat.Acollectionofshortstorywhichvividlydescribedthe“lifeofpoorMexican——Americanswithaffectionandhumor.

17.TheYoknapatawphaCountryisalegendarykingdomcreatedbyFaulkner.

18.ThemostsignificantAmericanpoemofthe20thcenturywasTheWasteLand.

19.EdwinArlingtonRobinsonproducedalargebodyofworksandwashonoredwiththePulitzerPrizein1922,1925and1928.

21.AsThomasSternsEliot’sdeclared,hefollowedstrictlytheadviceofhisdozefriendEzraPoundincuttingandconcentratingTheWasteLand

12.“MartinEden”isthenovelintowhichJackLondonputmostofhimself。

8.Fitzgerable’sfirstnovelThissideofparadise,withitsportrayalofcasualdissipationsof“flamingyouth:

wasanimmediatecommercialsuccess.

12.Earlyinthe1920s,themostprominentofthenewAmericanplaywrights,whosenameisEugeneO’Neillestablishedaninternationalreputation.

13.InthenovelTheOldManandSea，HemingwayportrayedanoldfishermannamedSantiago，whoshowstriumphantevenindefeat

14.EzraPoundwastheleaderofanewmovementinpoetrywhichhecalledtheImagistmovement.

III.WorksandAuthors（10pointsinall,1foreach）

1.TheTenthMuseLatelySprunginAmericaAnneBradstreet

2.TheBritishPrisonShipPhilipFreneau

3.AutobiographyBenjaminFranklin

4.CommonSenseThomasPaine

5.CivilDisobedienceHenryDavidThoreau

6.TheAwakeningKateChopin

7.TheCalloftheWildJackLondon

8.DaisyMillerHenryJames

9.AHazardofNewFortunesWilliamDeanHowells

10.Magic:

AGirloftheStreetsStephenCrane

11.BabbitSinclairLewis

12.Winesburg,OhioSherwoodAnderson

13.TheWasteLandThomasStearns"T.S."Eliot

14.TheHairyApeEugeneGladstoneO'Neill

15.HarmoniumWallaceStevens

16.TheGrapesofWrathJohnSteinbeck

17.AFarewelltoArmsErnestMillerHemingway

18.TheSoundandtheFuryWilliamFaulkner

IV.ExplanationofLiteraryTerms（10pointsinall,5foreach）

1.AmericanRomanticism

soneofthemostimportantperioddsinthehistoryofAmericanliterature.Iwasarebellionagainstrtheobjectivityofrationalism.Forromantics,thefeelings,intuitionsandemotionsweremoreimportantthanreasonandcommensense.Theyemphazedindividualism,placingtheindividualagainstthegroup.Theafirmedtheinnerlifeofthesels,andcherishedstronginterestinthepast,thewild,theremote,thwmysteriousandthestange.Theystressedtheelement“Americaness”intheirworks.ItstartedwiththepulicationofWashingtonIrving’ThestretchBookandenedwithWaltWhiteman’sLeavesofGrass.Itisalsocalled“AmericanRenaissance”AmericanRomantistsincludesuchliteraryfiguresasWashintonIrving,Emerson,Thoreau,Hawthrone,MellvilleWhitemanandsomeothers.

;

2.AmericanTranscendentalism

3.AmericanNaturalism

naturalism

naturalists

acceptedthemorenegativeinterpretationofDarwin’sevolutionarytheoryandusedittoaccountforthebehaviorofthosecharatersintheliteraryworkswhwereregardedasmoreorlesscomplexcombinationofinherittedattibutes,theirhabitsconditionbysocialandeconomicforces.AmericanNaturalismisevoledfromrealismhentheauthor’stoneinwritingbecomeslessseriousandlesssympatheticbutmoreironicandmorepessimistic.Itisnomorethanagloomyphilosophicalapproachtoreality,ortohumanexistence.Dreiserisaleadingfigureofthisschool

4.AmericanRealism

5.ImagistMovement.

A.TheImagistMovementflourishedintheU.S.andEnglandbetween1909-1917andinvolvedquiteanumberofBritishandAmericanwritersandpoets.

B.ThisisamovementthatadvancedmodernisminartswhichconcentratedonreformingthemediumofpoetryasopposedtoRomanticism.AsoneoftheleadersoftheImagists,EzraPoundlaiddownthreemainprinciples:

directtreatmentofpoeticsubjects,eliminationofmerelyornamentalorsuperfluouswords,andtherhythmicalcompositionintheconsequenceofthemusicalphraseratherthanintheconsequenceofametronome.“ThepointofImagism,”Poundwrotein1914,“isthatitdoesnotuseimagesasornaments.Theimageitselfisthespeech.Theimageistheworldbeyondformulatedlanguage.”

C.EzraPound's"InaStationoftheMetro"isatypicalworkoftheImagistMovement.

V.IdentificationofFragments

1.“Thesearethetimesthattrymen'ssouls:

Thesummersoldierandthesunshinepatriotwill,inthiscrisis,shrinkfromtheserviceofhiscountry;buthethatstandsitnow,deservestheloveandthanksofmanandwoman.Tyranny,likehell,isnoteasilyconquered;yetwehavethisconsolationwithus,thatthehardertheconflict,themoregloriousthetriumph.”TheAmericanCrisis——ThomasPaine

2.“InvaindidUncasdartaroundthecloud,withawishtostrikehisknifeintotheheartofhisfather'sfoe;thethreateningrifleofHawkeyewasraisedandsuspendedinvain,whileDuncanendeavoredtoseizethelimbsoftheHuronwithhandsthatappearedtohavelosttheirpower.Coveredastheywerewithdustandblood,theswiftevolutionsofthecombatantsseemedtoincorporatetheirbodiesintoone.Thedeath-likelookingfigureoftheMohican,andthedarkformoftheHuron,gleamedbeforetheireyesinsuchquickandconfusedsuccession,thatthefriendsoftheformerknewnotwheretoplantthesuccoringblow.”最后的莫西干人TheLastoftheMohicans——JamesFennimoreCooper

3.Pearl,withoutrespondinginanymannertothesehoney-sweetexpressions,remainedontheothersideofthebrook.Nowshefixedherbright,wildeyesonhermother,nowontheminister,andnowincludedthembothinthesameglance;asiftodetectandexplaintoherselftherelationwhichtheyboretooneanother.Forsomeunaccountablereason,asArthurDimmesdalefeltthechild’seyesuponhimself,hishand-withthatgesturesohabitualastohavebecomeinvoluntary-stoleoverhisheart.Atlength,assumingasingularairofauthority,Pearlstretchedoutherhand,withthesmallforefingerextended,andpointingevidentlytowardshermother’sbreast.Andbeneath,inthemirrorofthebrook,therewastheflower-girdledandsunnyimageoflittlePearl,pointinghersmallforefingertoo.TheScarletLetter——NathanielHawthorne

4.Togointosolitude,amanneedstoretireasmuchfromhischamberasfroms